{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T13:37:29Z","timestamp":1773063449396,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]],"date-time":"2008-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1207008000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]],"date-time":"2008-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1207008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Nephrol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The impact of cyclosporine A (CsA) therapy in patients with steroid-dependent nephrotic-syndrome (SDNS) on long-term renal function is controversial. Data beyond 5\u00a0years are rare. Long-term renal function was evaluated in children with SDNS with and without CsA therapy, especially beyond 5\u00a0years. Twenty children were treated with CsA (study group) for a mean of 5.4\u2009\u00b1\u20092.2\u00a0years (ten patients for 5\u201311\u00a0years). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated before and after 3 and 12\u00a0months and at latest follow-up of therapy. Fifteen children with cyclophosphamide-treated SDNS without CsA served as controls. In the study group, GFR decreased within 12\u00a0months from 136\u2009\u00b1\u200919 to 120\u2009\u00b1\u200931, to 114\u2009\u00b1\u200914\u00a0ml\/min per 1.73\u00a0m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>at latest follow-up (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Patients with CsA\u2009&gt;\u20095\u00a0years had a GFR of 111\u2009\u00b1\u200914\u00a0ml\/min per 1.73\u00a0m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>at latest follow-up without a GFR below 90\u00a0ml\/min per 1.73\u00a0m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>. No CsA toxicity was found in biopsies. In the control group, GFR dropped within 3\u00a0months, from 137\u2009\u00b1\u200927 to 130\u2009\u00b1\u200924, to 126\u2009\u00b1\u200919\u00a0ml\/min per 1.73\u00a0m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>at latest follow-up (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.1). Patients with and without nephrotoxic CsA therapy showed a drop in GFR. In CsA-treated patients, GFR was about 12% lower at latest follow-up compared with patients without nephrotoxic therapy but always remained within normal range. CsA seems to be safe, even in long-term treatment for more than 5\u00a0years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-007-0709-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,15]],"date-time":"2008-01-15T09:27:29Z","timestamp":1200389249000},"page":"581-586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Cyclosporine-A-induced nephrotoxicity in children with minimal-change nephrotic syndrome: long-term treatment up to 10\u00a0years"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Birgitta","family":"Kranz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Udo","family":"Vester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rainer","family":"B\u00fcscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne-Margret","family":"Wingen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter F.","family":"Hoyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"709_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03259081","volume":"5","author":"J Brodehl","year":"1996","unstructured":"Brodehl J (1996) Management of nephrotic syndrome in children. 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