{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,22]],"date-time":"2026-02-22T10:46:42Z","timestamp":1771757202769,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,15]],"date-time":"2017-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1494806400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,15]],"date-time":"2017-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1494806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 DK-03012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 DK-03012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Nephrol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-017-3684-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,15]],"date-time":"2017-05-15T16:30:50Z","timestamp":1494865850000},"page":"789-798","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Muscle wasting in chronic kidney disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Eduardo A.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wai W.","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kalodiah G.","family":"Toma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8512-9000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert H.","family":"Mak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"3684_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2013.147","volume":"84","author":"TA Ikizler","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ikizler TA, Cano NJ, Franch H, Fouque D, Himmelfarb J, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kuhlmann MK, Stenvinkel P, Ter Weee P, Teta D, Wang AY, Wanner C, International Society of Renal N, Metabolism (2013) Prevention and treatment of protein energy wasting in chronic kidney disease patients: a consensus statement by the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism. Kidney Int 84:1096\u20131107","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"3684_CR2","first-page":"507","volume":"34","author":"C Gracia-Iguacel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gracia-Iguacel C, Gonzalez-Parra E, Barril-Cuadrado G, Sanchez R, Egido J, Ortiz-Arduan A, Carrero JJ (2014) Defining protein-energy wasting syndrome in chronic kidney disease: prevalence and clinical implications. Nefrologia 34:507\u2013519","journal-title":"Nefrologia"},{"key":"3684_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-011-1765-5","volume":"27","author":"RH Mak","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mak RH, Cheung WW, Zhan JY, Shen Q, Foster BJ (2012) Cachexia and protein-energy wasting in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 27:173\u2013181","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s13539-011-0019-5","volume":"2","author":"RH Mak","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mak RH, Ikizler AT, Kovesdy CP, Raj DS, Stenvinkel P, Kalantar-Zadeh K (2011) Wasting in chronic kidney disease. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2:9\u201325","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"3684_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000070","volume":"26","author":"EG Ingulli","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ingulli EG, Mak RH (2014) Growth in children with chronic kidney disease: role of nutrition, growth hormone, dialysis, and steroids. Curr Opin Pediatr 26:187\u2013192","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"key":"3684_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajkd.2003.07.016","volume":"42","author":"K Kalantar-Zadeh","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kalantar-Zadeh K, Ikizler TA, Block G, Avram MM, Kopple JD (2003) Malnutrition-inflammation complex syndrome in dialysis patients: causes and consequences. Am J Kidney Dis 42:864\u2013881","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"3684_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mak RH (2016) Cachexia in children with chronic kidney disease: challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care.","DOI":"10.1097\/SPC.0000000000000217"},{"key":"3684_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000182","volume":"69","author":"RH Mak","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mak RH, Cheung W, Cone RD, Marks DL (2006) Leptin and inflammation-associated cachexia in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 69:794\u2013797","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"3684_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI0216494","volume":"110","author":"WE Mitch","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mitch WE (2002) Malnutrition: a frequent misdiagnosis for hemodialysis patients. J Clin Invest 110:437\u2013439","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"3684_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S22","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V13suppl_1s22","volume":"13","author":"WE Mitch","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mitch WE (2002) Insights into the abnormalities of chronic renal disease attributed to malnutrition. J Am Soc Nephrol 13(Suppl 1):S22\u2013S27","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-014-2768-9","volume":"29","author":"AG Abraham","year":"2014","unstructured":"Abraham AG, Mak RH, Mitsnefes M, White C, Moxey-Mims M, Warady B, Furth SL (2014) Protein energy wasting in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 29:1231\u20131238","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2008.06.013","volume":"27","author":"WJ Evans","year":"2008","unstructured":"Evans WJ, Morley JE, Argiles J, Bales C, Baracos V, Guttridge D, Jatoi A, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Lochs H, Mantovani G, Marks D, Mitch WE, Muscaritoli M, Najand A, Ponikowski P, Rossi Fanelli F, Schambelan M, Schols A, Schuster M, Thomas D, Wolfe R, Anker SD (2008) Cachexia: a new definition. Clin Nutr 27:793\u2013799","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"3684_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI22521","volume":"115","author":"W Cheung","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cheung W, Yu PX, Little BM, Cone RD, Marks DL, Mak RH (2005) Role of leptin and melanocortin signaling in uremia-associated cachexia. J Clin Invest 115:1659\u20131665","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"3684_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2009.12.004","volume":"29","author":"M Muscaritoli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Muscaritoli M, Anker SD, Argiles J, Aversa Z, Bauer JM, Biolo G, Boirie Y, Bosaeus I, Cederholm T, Costelli P, Fearon KC, Laviano A, Maggio M, Rossi Fanelli F, Schneider SM, Schols A, Sieber CC (2010) Consensus definition of sarcopenia, cachexia and pre-cachexia: joint document elaborated by special interest groups (SIG) cachexia-anorexia in chronic wasting diseases and nutrition in geriatrics. Clin Nutr 29:154\u2013159","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"3684_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0000000000000171","volume":"18","author":"Y Obi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Obi Y, Qader H, Kovesdy CP, Kalantar-Zadeh K (2015) Latest consensus and update on protein-energy wasting in chronic kidney disease. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 18:254\u2013262","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"key":"3684_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002585","volume":"73","author":"D Fouque","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fouque D, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kopple J, Cano N, Chauveau P, Cuppari L, Franch H, Guarnieri G, Ikizler TA, Kaysen G, Lindholm B, Massy Z, Mitch W, Pineda E, Stenvinkel P, Trevino-Becerra A, Wanner C (2008) A proposed nomenclature and diagnostic criteria for protein-energy wasting in acute and chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 73:391\u2013398","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"3684_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afq034","volume":"39","author":"AJ Cruz-Jentoft","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM, Boirie Y, Cederholm T, Landi F, Martin FC, Michel JP, Rolland Y, Schneider SM, Topinkova E, Vandewoude M, Zamboni M, European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older P (2010) Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: report of the European Working group on sarcopenia in older people. Age Ageing 39:412\u2013423","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"3684_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1159\/000101827","volume":"27","author":"RN Foley","year":"2007","unstructured":"Foley RN, Wang C, Ishani A, Collins AJ, Murray AM (2007) Kidney function and sarcopenia in the United States general population: NHANES III. Am J Nephrol 27:279\u2013286","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2013.04.002","volume":"33","author":"JK Kim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim JK, Choi SR, Choi MJ, Kim SG, Lee YK, Noh JW, Kim HJ, Song YR (2014) Prevalence of and factors associated with sarcopenia in elderly patients with end-stage renal disease. Clin Nutr 33:64\u201368","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"3684_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfv122","volume":"31","author":"P Stenvinkel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stenvinkel P, Carrero JJ, von Walden F, Ikizler TA, Nader GA (2016) Muscle wasting in end-stage renal disease promulgates premature death: established, emerging and potential novel treatment strategies. Nephrol Dial Transplant 31:1070\u20131077","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"3684_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-014-2898-0","volume":"29","author":"N Nourbakhsh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nourbakhsh N, Rhee CM, Kalantar-Zadeh K (2014) Protein-energy wasting and uremic failure to thrive in children with chronic kidney disease: they are not small adults. Pediatr Nephrol 29:2249\u20132252","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.036418","volume":"97","author":"CP Kovesdy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kovesdy CP, Kopple JD, Kalantar-Zadeh K (2013) Management of protein-energy wasting in non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease: reconciling low protein intake with nutritional therapy. Am J Clin Nutr 97:1163\u20131177","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"3684_CR23","first-page":"S184","volume":"27","author":"JD Kopple","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kopple JD, Berg R, Houser H, Steinman TI, Teschan P (1989) Nutritional status of patients with different levels of chronic renal insufficiency. Modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) study group. Kidney Int Suppl 27:S184\u2013S194","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"3684_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2000.00014.x","volume":"57","author":"JD Kopple","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kopple JD, Greene T, Chumlea WC, Hollinger D, Maroni BJ, Merrill D, Scherch LK, Schulman G, Wang SR, Zimmer GS (2000) Relationship between nutritional status and the glomerular filtration rate: results from the MDRD study. Kidney Int 57:1688\u20131703","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"3684_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2011.118","volume":"80","author":"D Fouque","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fouque D, Pelletier S, Mafra D, Chauveau P (2011) Nutrition and chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 80:348\u2013357","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"3684_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/S1051-2276(01)85914-8","volume":"11","author":"JA Lawson","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lawson JA, Lazarus R, Kelly JJ (2001) Prevalence and prognostic significance of malnutrition in chronic renal insufficiency. J Ren Nutr 11:16\u201322","journal-title":"J Ren Nutr"},{"key":"3684_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2006.12.005","volume":"17","author":"KL Campbell","year":"2007","unstructured":"Campbell KL, Ash S, Bauer JD, Davies PS (2007) Evaluation of nutrition assessment tools compared with body cell mass for the assessment of malnutrition in chronic kidney disease. J Ren Nutr 17:189\u2013195","journal-title":"J Ren Nutr"},{"key":"3684_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1962","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfq643","volume":"26","author":"AH Mazairac","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mazairac AH, de Wit GA, Grooteman MP, Penne EL, van der Weerd NC, van den Dorpel MA, Nube MJ, Levesque R, Ter Wee PM, Bots ML, Blankestijn PJ, investigators C (2011) A composite score of protein-energy nutritional status predicts mortality in haemodialysis patients no better than its individual components. Nephrol Dial Transplant 26:1962\u20131967","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"3684_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2008.04.007","volume":"27","author":"JJ Carrero","year":"2008","unstructured":"Carrero JJ, Chmielewski M, Axelsson J, Snaedal S, Heimburger O, Barany P, Suliman ME, Lindholm B, Stenvinkel P, Qureshi AR (2008) Muscle atrophy, inflammation and clinical outcome in incident and prevalent dialysis patients. Clin Nutr 27:557\u2013564","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"3684_CR30","first-page":"495","volume":"33","author":"C Gracia-Iguacel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gracia-Iguacel C, Gonzalez-Parra E, Perez-Gomez MV, Mahillo I, Egido J, Ortiz A, Carrero JJ (2013) Prevalence of protein-energy wasting syndrome and its association with mortality in haemodialysis patients in a centre in Spain. Nefrologia 33:495\u2013505","journal-title":"Nefrologia"},{"key":"3684_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.12814","author":"Y Kanazawa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kanazawa Y, Nakao T, Murai S, Okada T, Matsumoto H (2016) Diagnosis and prevalence of protein-energy wasting and its association with mortality in Japanese Haemodialysis patients. Nephrology. doi: 10.1111\/nep.12814","journal-title":"Nephrology"},{"key":"3684_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1720","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.10261013","volume":"9","author":"N Isoyama","year":"2014","unstructured":"Isoyama N, Qureshi AR, Avesani CM, Lindholm B, Barany P, Heimburger O, Cederholm T, Stenvinkel P, Carrero JJ (2014) Comparative associations of muscle mass and muscle strength with mortality in dialysis patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 9:1720\u20131728","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2012.09.004","volume":"23","author":"SH Kang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kang SH, Park JW, Yoon KW, Do JY (2013) Limb\/trunk lean mass ratio as a risk factor for mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients. J Ren Nutr 23:315\u2013323","journal-title":"J Ren Nutr"},{"key":"3684_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-014-0505-5","volume":"18","author":"F Lamarca","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lamarca F, Carrero JJ, Rodrigues JC, Bigogno FG, Fetter RL, Avesani CM (2014) Prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly maintenance hemodialysis patients: the impact of different diagnostic criteria. J Nutr Health Aging 18:710\u2013717","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"3684_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2014.01.002","volume":"24","author":"J Rosenberger","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rosenberger J, Kissova V, Majernikova M, Straussova Z, Boldizsar J (2014) Body composition monitor assessing malnutrition in the hemodialysis population independently predicts mortality. J Ren Nutr 24:172\u2013176","journal-title":"J Ren Nutr"},{"key":"3684_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-012-2258-x","volume":"28","author":"L Rees","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rees L, Jones H (2013) Nutritional management and growth in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 28:527\u2013536","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00864388","volume":"7","author":"CL Abitbol","year":"1993","unstructured":"Abitbol CL, Zilleruelo G, Montane B, Strauss J (1993) Growth of uremic infants on forced feeding regimens. Pediatr Nephrol 7:173\u2013177","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5912.189","volume":"2","author":"PR Betts","year":"1974","unstructured":"Betts PR, Magrath G (1974) Growth pattern and dietary intake of children with chronic renal insufficiency. Br Med J 2:189\u2013193","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"3684_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI25255","volume":"115","author":"WE Mitch","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mitch WE (2005) Cachexia in chronic kidney disease: a link to defective central nervous system control of appetite. J Clin Invest 115:1476\u20131478","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"3684_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2008.10.003","volume":"19","author":"M Bossola","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bossola M, Tazza L, Luciani G (2009) Mechanisms and treatment of anorexia in end-stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis. J Ren Nutr 19:2\u20139","journal-title":"J Ren Nutr"},{"key":"3684_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2008.10.003","volume":"29","author":"C Chazot","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chazot C (2009) Why are chronic kidney disease patients anorexic and what can be done about it? Semin Nephrol 29:15\u201323","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-012-2380-9","volume":"28","author":"SS Gunta","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gunta SS, Mak RH (2013) Ghrelin and leptin pathophysiology in chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 28:611\u2013616","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-016-3321-9","volume":"31","author":"FW Ayestaran","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ayestaran FW, Schneider MF, Kaskel FJ, Srivaths PR, Seo-Mayer PW, Moxey-Mims M, Furth SL, Warady BA, Greenbaum LA (2016) Perceived appetite and clinical outcomes in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 31:1121\u20131127","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2010060603","volume":"22","author":"BJ Foster","year":"2011","unstructured":"Foster BJ, Kalkwarf HJ, Shults J, Zemel BS, Wetzsteon RJ, Thayu M, Foerster DL, Leonard MB (2011) Association of chronic kidney disease with muscle deficits in children. J Am Soc Nephrol 22:377\u2013386","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-006-0235-y","volume":"21","author":"R Rashid","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rashid R, Neill E, Smith W, King D, Beattie TJ, Murphy A, Ramage IJ, Maxwell H, Ahmed SF (2006) Body composition and nutritional intake in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 21:1730\u20131738","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwr384","volume":"175","author":"K Kalantar-Zadeh","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kalantar-Zadeh K, Streja E, Molnar MZ, Lukowsky LR, Krishnan M, Kovesdy CP, Greenland S (2012) Mortality prediction by surrogates of body composition: an examination of the obesity paradox in hemodialysis patients using composite ranking score analysis. Am J Epidemiol 175:793\u2013803","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"3684_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(15)00128-X","volume":"3","author":"JL Lu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lu JL, Molnar MZ, Naseer A, Mikkelsen MK, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kovesdy CP (2015) Association of age and BMI with kidney function and mortality: a cohort study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 3:704\u2013714","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"3684_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2088","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2013070754","volume":"25","author":"JL Lu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lu JL, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Ma JZ, Quarles LD, Kovesdy CP (2014) Association of BMI with outcomes in patients with CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol 25:2088\u20132096","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1159\/000437277","volume":"6","author":"SF Ahmadi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ahmadi SF, Zahmatkesh G, Ahmadi E, Streja E, Rhee CM, Gillen DL, De Nicola L, Minutolo R, Ricardo AC, Kovesdy CP, Kalantar-Zadeh K (2015) Association of Body Mass Index with clinical outcomes in non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cardiorenal Med 6:37\u201349","journal-title":"Cardiorenal Med"},{"key":"3684_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.03790414","volume":"9","author":"FP Wilson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wilson FP, Xie D, Anderson AH, Leonard MB, Reese PP, Delafontaine P, Horwitz E, Kallem R, Navaneethan S, Ojo A, Porter AC, Sondheimer JH, Sweeney HL, Townsend RR, Feldman HI, Investigators CS (2014) Urinary creatinine excretion, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and clinical outcomes in patients with CKD: the CRIC study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 9:2095\u20132103","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfv133","volume":"30","author":"RA Pereira","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pereira RA, Cordeiro AC, Avesani CM, Carrero JJ, Lindholm B, Amparo FC, Amodeo C, Cuppari L, Kamimura MA (2015) Sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease on conservative therapy: prevalence and association with mortality. Nephrol Dial Transplant 30:1718\u20131725","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"3684_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.678342","volume":"116","author":"EL Schiffrin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Schiffrin EL, Lipman ML, Mann JF (2007) Chronic kidney disease: effects on the cardiovascular system. Circulation 116:85\u201397","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"3684_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-009-1427-z","volume":"25","author":"WW Cheung","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cheung WW, Paik KH, Mak RH (2010) Inflammation and cachexia in chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 25:711\u2013724","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1097\/MNH.0b013e3280117ce7","volume":"16","author":"RH Mak","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mak RH, Cheung W (2007) Cachexia in chronic kidney disease: role of inflammation and neuropeptide signaling. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 16:27\u201331","journal-title":"Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens"},{"key":"3684_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-005-1891-z","volume":"20","author":"R Pecoits-Filho","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pecoits-Filho R, Sylvestre LC, Stenvinkel P (2005) Chronic kidney disease and inflammation in pediatric patients: from bench to playground. Pediatr Nephrol 20:714\u2013720","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-6686.2011.00201.x","volume":"37","author":"S Zyga","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zyga S, Christopoulou G, Malliarou M (2011) Malnutrition-inflammation-atherosclerosis syndrome in patients with end-stage renal disease. J Ren Care 37:12\u201315","journal-title":"J Ren Care"},{"key":"3684_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(12)70364-5","volume":"15","author":"EG Lowrie","year":"1990","unstructured":"Lowrie EG, Lew NL (1990) Death risk in hemodialysis patients: the predictive value of commonly measured variables and an evaluation of death rate differences between facilities. Am J Kidney Dis 15:458\u2013482","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"3684_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2002.00169.x","volume":"61","author":"CS Wong","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wong CS, Hingorani S, Gillen DL, Sherrard DJ, Watkins SL, Brandt JR, Ball A, Stehman-Breen CO (2002) Hypoalbuminemia and risk of death in pediatric patients with end-stage renal disease. Kidney Int 61:630\u2013637","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"3684_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2002.32010","volume":"39","author":"CH Jones","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jones CH, Wells L, Stoves J, Farquhar F, Woodrow G (2002) Can a reduction in extracellular fluid volume result in increased serum albumin in peritoneal dialysis patients? Am J Kidney Dis 39:872\u2013875","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"3684_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2001.29250","volume":"38","author":"K Kalantar-Zadeh","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kopple JD (2001) Relative contributions of nutrition and inflammation to clinical outcome in dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 38:1343\u20131350","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"3684_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2015.01.008","volume":"65","author":"BA Warady","year":"2015","unstructured":"Warady BA, Abraham AG, Schwartz GJ, Wong CS, Munoz A, Betoko A, Mitsnefes M, Kaskel F, Greenbaum LA, Mak RH, Flynn J, Moxey-Mims MM, Furth S (2015) Predictors of rapid progression of glomerular and Nonglomerular kidney disease in children and adolescents: the chronic kidney disease in children (CKiD) cohort. Am J Kidney Dis 65:878\u2013888","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"3684_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2015010008","volume":"27","author":"E Ku","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ku E, Glidden DV, Hsu CY, Portale AA, Grimes B, Johansen KL (2016) Association of Body Mass Index with patient-centered outcomes in children with ESRD. J Am Soc Nephrol 27:551\u2013558","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bonthuis M, van Stralen KJ, Verrina E, Groothoff JW, Alonso Melgar A, Edefonti A, Fischbach M, Mendes P, Molchanova EA, Paripovic D, Peco-Antic A, Printza N, Rees L, Rubik J, Stefanidis CJ, Sinha MD, Zagozdzon I, Jager KJ, Schaefer F (2013) Underweight, overweight and obesity in paediatric dialysis and renal transplant patients. Nephrol Dial transplant 28 Suppl 4:iv195-iv204.","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gft259"},{"key":"3684_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-011-1983-x","volume":"27","author":"BJ Foster","year":"2012","unstructured":"Foster BJ, McCauley L, Mak RH (2012) Nutrition in infants and very young children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 27:1427\u20131439","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1969","volume":"28","author":"DJ DiGirolamo","year":"2013","unstructured":"DiGirolamo DJ, Kiel DP, Esser KA (2013) Bone and skeletal muscle: neighbors with close ties. J Bone Miner Res 28:1509\u20131518","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"3684_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2010.08.018","volume":"316","author":"K Bismuth","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bismuth K, Relaix F (2010) Genetic regulation of skeletal muscle development. Exp Cell Res 316:3081\u20133086","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"3684_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4007","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI42447","volume":"120","author":"MD Mavalli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mavalli MD, DiGirolamo DJ, Fan Y, Riddle RC, Campbell KS, van Groen T, Frank SJ, Sperling MA, Esser KA, Bamman MM, Clemens TL (2010) Distinct growth hormone receptor signaling modes regulate skeletal muscle development and insulin sensitivity in mice. J Clin Invest 120:4007\u20134020","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"3684_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3059","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2010.04.009","volume":"316","author":"A Otto","year":"2010","unstructured":"Otto A, Patel K (2010) Signalling and the control of skeletal muscle size. Exp Cell Res 316:3059\u20133066","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"3684_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-015-0261-4","volume":"13","author":"KG Avin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Avin KG, Moorthi RN (2015) Bone is not alone: the effects of skeletal muscle dysfunction in chronic kidney disease. Curr Osteoporos Rep 13:173\u2013179","journal-title":"Curr Osteoporos Rep"},{"key":"3684_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2012.347","volume":"83","author":"A Tsampalieros","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tsampalieros A, Kalkwarf HJ, Wetzsteon RJ, Shults J, Zemel BS, Foster BJ, Foerster DL, Leonard MB (2013) Changes in bone structure and the muscle-bone unit in children with chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 83:495\u2013502","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"3684_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2235","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.427","volume":"26","author":"RJ Wetzsteon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wetzsteon RJ, Kalkwarf HJ, Shults J, Zemel BS, Foster BJ, Griffin L, Strife CF, Foerster DL, Jean-Pierre DK, Leonard MB (2011) Volumetric bone mineral density and bone structure in childhood chronic kidney disease. J Bone Miner Res 26:2235\u20132244","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"3684_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2003.12.025","volume":"43","author":"C Castaneda","year":"2004","unstructured":"Castaneda C, Gordon PL, Parker RC, Uhlin KL, Roubenoff R, Levey AS (2004) Resistance training to reduce the malnutrition-inflammation complex syndrome of chronic kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis 43:607\u2013616","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"3684_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heiwe S, Jacobson SH (2011) Exercise training for adults with chronic kidney disease. Cochrane database Syst rev:CD003236.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003236.pub2"},{"key":"3684_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-010-1753-1","volume":"27","author":"EL Clapp","year":"2012","unstructured":"Clapp EL, Bevington A, Smith AC (2012) Exercise for children with chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. Pediatr Nephrol 27:165\u2013172","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-014-2971-8","volume":"30","author":"KK Lau","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lau KK, Obeid J, Breithaupt P, Belostotsky V, Arora S, Nguyen T, Timmons BW (2015) Effects of acute exercise on markers of inflammation in pediatric chronic kidney disease: a pilot study. Pediatr Nephrol 30:615\u2013621","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-015-3287-z","volume":"31","author":"SL Clark","year":"2016","unstructured":"Clark SL, Denburg MR, Furth SL (2016) Physical activity and screen time in adolescents in the chronic kidney disease in children (CKiD) cohort. Pediatr Nephrol 31:801\u2013808","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-013-2675-5","volume":"29","author":"F Paglialonga","year":"2014","unstructured":"Paglialonga F, Lopopolo A, Scarfia RV, Consolo S, Galli MA, Salera S, Grassi MR, Brivio A, Edefonti A (2014) Intradialytic cycling in children and young adults on chronic hemodialysis. Pediatr Nephrol 29:431\u2013438","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"3684_CR78","unstructured":"Cheung WW, Mak RH (2010) Ghrelin in chronic kidney disease. Int J Pept 2010"},{"key":"3684_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1097\/SPC.0000000000000092","volume":"8","author":"RH Mak","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mak RH, Cheung WW, Gertler A (2014) Exploiting the therapeutic potential of leptin signaling in cachexia. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 8:352\u2013357","journal-title":"Curr Opin Support Palliat Care"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00467-017-3684-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00467-017-3684-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00467-017-3684-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,28]],"date-time":"2022-07-28T16:06:30Z","timestamp":1659024390000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00467-017-3684-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,15]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]}},"alternative-id":["3684"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-017-3684-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0931-041X","1432-198X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0931-041X","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-198X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 January 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 April 2017","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 April 2017","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 May 2017","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"None.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"RHK Mak is supported by NIH grants U01 DK-03012 and R24HD050837\u200b. EA Oliveira is supported by grants CAPES 2746\u201315-8 and FAPEMIG PPM-00228-15.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Financial support and sponsorship"}}]}}