{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T17:50:04Z","timestamp":1782841804097,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,12]],"date-time":"2021-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613088000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,12]],"date-time":"2021-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009068","name":"Universit\u00e4t Bern","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009068","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Nephrol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The kidney is central for maintaining water balance. As a corollary, patients with impaired kidney function are prone to pathological fluid volumes. Total body water (TBW) is distributed between the extracellular (ECW) and intracellular fluid compartments (ICW). In clinical practice, the judgment of hydration status does not allow to distinguish between ECW and ICW. Here, we evaluate the hydration status in children with chronic kidney disease by analyzing TBW, ECW, and ICW.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Hydration was quantified using whole-body bioimpedance spectroscopy (BCM) in 128 outpatients (1\u201325\u00a0years, 52 girls). Forty-two were transplanted (TPL), 43 suffered from chronic kidney disease without kidney replacement therapy (CKD), 21 were on peritoneal dialysis (PD), and 22 on hemodialysis (HD). HD patients were investigated before, after, and sequentially during dialysis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The ECW and ICW values obtained by BCM were of the same magnitude as those from the literature using isotope dilution. When compared with a healthy control group, TBW was increased in 9 TPL, 9 CKD, 1 PD, and 11 HD patients before but in none after dialysis. The decline of overhydration during dialysis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200922) correlated with the change in body weight (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.62). The kinetics of fluid compartment changes assessed twice in six HD patients revealed a reproducible linear decay of the ECW\/ICW ratio due to an increase of ICW and a decrease of ECW.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>BCM quantifies TBW and acute changes of ECW and ICW in children with chronic kidney failure. The clinical utility of measuring TBW, ECW, and ICW should be defined in the future.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-020-04912-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,12]],"date-time":"2021-02-12T18:20:18Z","timestamp":1613154018000},"page":"1843-1850","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Differential assessment of fluid compartments by bioimpedance in pediatric patients with kidney diseases"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8725-6484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra M.","family":"Frey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1548-6387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Vogt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8362-633X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giacomo D.","family":"Simonetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7983-2982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rainer","family":"B\u00fcscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6511-5023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra","family":"Habbig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7564-9937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franz","family":"Schaefer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"4912_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/85.1.80","volume":"85","author":"PW Chamney","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chamney PW, Wabel P, Moissl UM, Muller MJ, Bosy-Westphal A, Korth O, Fuller NJ (2007) A whole-body model to distinguish excess fluid from the hydration of major body tissues. Am J Clin Nutr 85:80\u201389","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"4912_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zoccali C, Moissl U, Chazot C, Mallamaci F, Tripepi G, Arkossy O, Wabel P, Stuard| S (2017) Chronic fluid overload and mortality in ESRD. J Am Soc Nephrol 28:2491\u20132497","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2016121341"},{"key":"4912_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-011-2060-1","volume":"27","author":"P Shamszad","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shamszad P, Slesnick T, Smith E, Taylor M, Feig D (2012) Association between left ventricular mass index and cardiac function in pediatric dialysis patients. Pediatr Nephrol 27:835\u2013841","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"4912_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2011111115","volume":"23","author":"M Mitsnefes","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mitsnefes M (2012) Cardiovascular disease in children with chronic kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 23:578\u2013585","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"4912_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-018-3971-x","volume":"33","author":"I Dasgupta","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dasgupta I, Keane D, Lindley E, Shaheen I, Tyerman K, Schaefer F, W\u00fchl E, M\u00fcller MJ, Bosy-Westphal A, Fors H, Dahlgren J, Chamney P, Wabel P, Moissl U (2018) Validating the use of bioimpedance spectroscopy for assessment of fluid status in children. Pediatr Nephrol 33:1601\u20131607","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"4912_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1007\/s004670000353","volume":"14","author":"F Schaefer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Schaefer F, Wuhl E, Feneberg R, Mehls O, Scharer K (2000) Assessment of body composition in children with chronic renal failure. Pediatr Nephrol 14:673\u2013678","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"4912_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-014-2778-7","volume":"29","author":"G Oh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Oh G, Wong C, Begin B, Salsbery K, Sutherland S, Chaudhur A (2014) Whole-body single-frequency bioimpedance analysis in pediatric hemodialysis patients. Pediatr Nephrol 29:1417\u20131423","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"4912_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keane D, Baxter P, Lindley E, Moissl U, Pavitt S, Rhodes L, Wieskotten S (2017) The body composition monitor: a flexible tool for routine fluid management across the haemodialysis population. Biomed Phys Eng Express 3:035017","DOI":"10.1088\/2057-1976\/aa6f45"},{"key":"4912_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2008.06.009","volume":"30","author":"MY Jaffrin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jaffrin MY, Morel H (2008) Body fluid volumes measurements by impedance: a review of bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) and bioimpedance analysis (BIA) methods. Med Eng Phys 30:1257\u20131269","journal-title":"Med Eng Phys"},{"key":"4912_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1159\/000167013","volume":"27","author":"P Wabel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wabel P, Chamney P, Moissl U, Jirka T (2009) Importance of whole-body bioimpedance spectroscopy for the management of fluid balance. Blood Purif 27:75\u201380","journal-title":"Blood Purif"},{"key":"4912_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfx287","volume":"33","author":"CSY Eng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Eng CSY, Bhowruth D, Mayes M, Stronach L, Blaauw M, Barber A, Rees L, Shroff RC (2017) Assessing the hydration status of children with chronic kidney disease and on dialysis: a comparison of techniques. Nephrol Dial Transplant 33:847\u2013855","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"4912_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mnh.0000185983.48319.00","volume":"14","author":"M Kuhlmann","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kuhlmann M, Zhu F, Seibert E, Levin N (2005) Bioimpedance, dry weight and blood pressure control: new methods and consequences. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 14:543\u2013549","journal-title":"Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens"},{"key":"4912_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.3.397S","volume":"64","author":"HC Lukaski","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lukaski HC (1996) Biological indexes considered in the derivation of the bioelectrical impedance analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 64:397S\u2013404S","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"4912_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cole K, Cole R (1941) Dispersion and absorption in dielectrics I. Alternating Current Characteristics. The Journal of Chemical Physics 9:341\u2013351","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1750906"},{"key":"4912_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2014.207","volume":"86","author":"SJ Davies","year":"2014","unstructured":"Davies SJ, Davenport A (2014) The role of bioimpedance and biomarkers in helping to aid clinical decision-making of volume assessments in dialysis patients. Kidney Int 86:489\u2013496","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"4912_CR16","unstructured":"Wieskotten S, Moissl U, Chamney P, Wabel E (2009) Reference ranges for human body composition and fluid overload, Germany Fresenius Medical Care. ASN Poster 1"},{"key":"4912_CR17","unstructured":"Moissl U, Wieskotten S, Wabel P, Chamney P, Stapf E, Selbach J, Leicht J HP (2009) Assessment of Fluid Status in Amputees using Bioimpedance Spectroscopy [Su380]. World Congress of Nephrology, Milan, May 22\u201326. Abstracts from the World Congress of Nephrology"},{"key":"4912_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0010018","volume":"1","author":"T Planche","year":"2004","unstructured":"Planche T, Onanga M, Schwenk A, Dzeing A, Borrmann S, Faucher J, Wright A, Bluck L, Ward L, Kombila M, Kremsner P, Krishna S (2004) Assessment of volume depletion in children with malaria. PLoS Med 1:56\u201363","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"4912_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2171","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/36\/10\/2171","volume":"36","author":"R Buendia","year":"2015","unstructured":"Buendia R, Seoane F, Lindecrantz K, Bosaeus I, Gil-Pita R, Johannsson G, Elleg\u00e5rd L, Ward L (2015) Estimation of body fluids with bioimpedance spectroscopy: state of the art methods and proposal of novel methods. Physiol Meas 36:2171\u20132187","journal-title":"Physiol Meas"},{"key":"4912_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/35\/7\/1373","volume":"35","author":"R Buendia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Buendia R, Seoane F, Bosaeus I, Gil-Pita R, Johannsson G, Ellegard L, Lindecrantz K (2014) Robustness study of the different immittancespectra and frequency ranges in bioimpedancespectroscopy analysis for assessment of totalbody composition. Physiol Meas 35:1373\u20131395","journal-title":"Physiol Meas"},{"key":"4912_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(59)90346-8","volume":"27","author":"I Edelman","year":"1959","unstructured":"Edelman I, Leibman J (1959) Anatomy of body water and electrolytes. Am J Med 27:256\u2013277","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"4912_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112935","volume":"79","author":"FF Horber","year":"1987","unstructured":"Horber FF, Hoppeler H, Scheidegger J, Gr\u00fcnig B, Howald H, Frey FJ (1987) Impact of physical training on the ultrastructure of midthigh muscle in normal subjects and in patients treated with glucocorticoids. J Clin Invest 79:1181\u20131190","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"4912_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/43.5.758","volume":"43","author":"FF Horber","year":"1986","unstructured":"Horber FF, Z\u00fcrcher R, Herren H, Crivelli M, Robotti G, Frey FJ (1986) Altered body fat distribution in patients with glucocorticoid treatment and in patients on long-term dialysis. Am J Clin Nutr 43:758\u2013769","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"4912_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2205","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-012-2199-4","volume":"27","author":"D Zepeda-Orozco","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zepeda-Orozco D, Quigley R (2012) Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 27:2205\u20132211","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"4912_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1111\/hdi.12511","volume":"21","author":"L Montgomery","year":"2017","unstructured":"Montgomery L, Montgomery R, Gerth W, Lew S, Klein M, Stewart J, Medow M, Velasquez M (2017) Bioimpedance monitoring of cellular hydration during hemodialysis therapy. Hemodial Int 21:575\u2013584","journal-title":"Hemodial Int"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00467-020-04912-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00467-020-04912-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00467-020-04912-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T19:32:37Z","timestamp":1622662357000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00467-020-04912-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,12]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]}},"alternative-id":["4912"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-020-04912-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0931-041X","1432-198X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0931-041X","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-198X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 July 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 December 2020","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 December 2020","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 February 2021","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"None.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest\/competing interests"}},{"value":"The trial was carried out according to the Declaration of Helsinki and the respective national laws and regulations.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical statement"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code availability"}}]}}