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This study aims to review biopsy findings in children, and to investigate risk of kidney replacement therapy (KRT).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective long-term follow-up study of children included in the Norwegian Kidney Biopsy Registry (NKBR) and in the Norwegian Renal Registry (NRR) from 1988 to 2021.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In total, 575 children with a median (interquartile range, IQR) age of 10.7 (6.1 to 14.1) years were included, and median follow-up time (IQR) after kidney biopsy was 14.3 (range 8.9 to 21.6) years. The most common biopsy diagnoses were minimal change disease (MCD; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200992), IgA vasculitis nephritis (IgAVN; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200976), IgA nephropathy (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200963), and focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200947). In total, 118 (20.5%) of the biopsied children reached CKD 5, median (IQR) time to KRT 2.3\u00a0years (7\u00a0months to 8.4\u00a0years). Most frequently, nephronophthisis (NPHP; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200916), FSGS (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930), IgA nephropathy (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20099), and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20099) led to KRT.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The risk of KRT after a kidney biopsy diagnosis is highly dependent on the diagnosis. None of the children with MCD commenced KRT, while 63.8% with FSGS and 100% with NPHP reached KRT. Combining data from kidney biopsy registries with registries on KRT allows for detailed information concerning the risk for later CKD 5 after biopsy-verified kidney disease in childhood.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Graphical abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information<\/jats:p>\n                \n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-022-05706-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T14:03:41Z","timestamp":1661177021000},"page":"1249-1256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Kidney biopsy diagnosis in childhood in the Norwegian Kidney Biopsy Registry and the long-term risk of kidney replacement therapy: a 25-year follow-up"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4678-458X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ann Christin","family":"Gjerstad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rannveig","family":"Skrunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"T\u00f8ndel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"\u00c5sberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Leh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claus","family":"Klingenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"D\u00f8llner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Hammarstr\u00f8m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna Kristina","family":"Bjerre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"5706_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.02150212","volume":"10","author":"C T\u00f8ndel","year":"2012","unstructured":"T\u00f8ndel C, Vikse BE, Bostad L, Svarstad E (2012) Safety and complications of percutaneous kidney biopsies in 715 children and 8573 adults in Norway 1988\u20132010. 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Anders \u00c5sberg\u2019s institution(s) received payment for lectures to Sandoz and Astellas Pharma. Sabine Leh received lecture fees from Sanofi Genzyme. Claus Klingenberg received a consulting fee from Chiesi for being a member of the Nordic Neonatal Meeting Board and received no fees but has participated in the IMNUT study in Oslo, Norway, and in the Sensyn study in the United Kingdom.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}