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Different definitions of UTD exist, which makes comparison between studies and generalized conclusions difficult. Roughly, one-third of antenatally diagnosed UTD, defined as a renal pelvis anterior posterior diameter (APD) of\u2009\u2265\u20094\u00a0mm in the second trimester and\/or\u2009\u2265\u20097\u00a0mm in the third trimester, will resolve before birth, another third will resolve within the first years of life, and in the remaining cases, UTD will persist or a congenital abnormality (CAKUT) will be diagnosed postnatally. The risk of a postnatal CAKUT diagnosis increases with the degree of prenatal and postnatal dilatation, except for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), which cannot be predicted from the degree of UTD. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) occur in 7\u201314% of children with UTD during the first years of life. The risk of UTI is higher in children with traditional risk factors for UTI, such as dilated VUR, hydroureteronephrosis, female gender, and intact foreskin. Continuous antibiotic prophylaxis may be considered in selected patients during the first years of life. In long-term follow-ups, permanent kidney damage is diagnosed in approximately 40% of children with moderate or severe UTD, but hypertension, proteinuria, and\/or reduced eGFR are uncommon (0\u20135%). In children with mild UTD, the long-term outcome is excellent, and these children should not be subjected to unnecessary examinations and\/or follow-up.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-023-05907-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T06:02:30Z","timestamp":1678860150000},"page":"3221-3227","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Antenatally detected urinary tract dilatation: long-term outcome"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3306-2235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Herthelius","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"5907_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F31","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.76.1.f31","volume":"76","author":"JA Dudley","year":"1997","unstructured":"Dudley JA, Haworth JM, McGraw ME, Frank JD, Tizard EJ (1997) Clinical relevance and implications of antenatal hydronephrosis. 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