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ROH is mostly caused by congenital fetal kidney anomalies. The ROH diagnosis frequently implies an increased risk of peri- and postnatal fetal mortality and morbidity. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of ROH on pre-and postnatal development in children with congenital kidney anomalies.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This retrospective study included 168 fetuses with anomalies in the kidney and urinary tract. Based on the amount of AF measured by ultrasound, patients were divided into three groups: normal amniotic fluid (NAF), amniotic fluid in the lower normal range (LAF), and ROH. These groups were compared with respect to prenatal sonographic parameters, perinatal outcomes, and postnatal outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Among the 168 patients with congenital kidney anomalies, 26 (15%) had ROH, 132 (79%) had NAF, and 10 (6%) had LAF. Of the 26 families affected by ROH, 14 (54%) decided to terminate pregnancy. Of 10 live-born children in the ROH group, 6 (60%) survived the observation time; of these, 5\/6 presented with chronic kidney disease, stages I\u2013III, at their last examination. The main differences in postnatal development between the ROH group and the NAF and LAF groups were: restricted height and weight gain, respiratory issues, complicated feeding, and the presence of extrarenal malformations.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>ROH is not a mandatory indicator of severe postnatal kidney function impairment. However, children with ROH have complicated peri-and postnatal periods, due to the presence of concomitant malformations, which must be considered in prenatal care.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Graphical abstract<\/jats:title>\n                \n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-023-05988-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]],"date-time":"2023-05-23T12:02:19Z","timestamp":1684843339000},"page":"3635-3643","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Amniotic fluid content in children with kidney and urinary tract anomalies determines pre- and postnatal development"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6474-6619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne Mareike","family":"Schulz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Lauten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Proquitt\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felicitas","family":"Eckoldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Friederike","family":"Weigel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans-Joachim","family":"Mentzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrike","family":"John-Kroegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"5988_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2006.11.009","volume":"28","author":"MH Beall","year":"2007","unstructured":"Beall MH, van den Wijngaard JPHM, van Gemert MJC, Ross MG (2007) Amniotic fluid water dynamics. 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