{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T22:10:32Z","timestamp":1775859032573,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]],"date-time":"2025-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735948800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]],"date-time":"2025-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Nephrol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the incidence, contributing factors, and clinical outcomes of acquired cystic kidney disease (ACKD) in children undergoing kidney replacement therapy (KRT).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We conducted a cross-sectional, territory-wide study at the designated pediatric nephrology center in Hong Kong. ACKD was defined as the presence of\u2009\u2265\u20093 cysts in the native kidneys, excluding congenital or hereditary cystic diseases. Between June to December 2023, all paediatric patients receiving KRT in Hong Kong underwent ultrasonography, non-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or both. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography was performed for patients with complex cysts.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Forty-three children (56% female; median age 14.7\u00a0years; IQR, 11.7\u201318.7) were included in the analysis. ACKD was detected in 18 children (42%). Nine subjects had complex cysts (grade 2, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095; grade 2F, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092; grade 3, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092). Most patients with ACKD (89%) were asymptomatic. One patient (5.5%) developed back pain and gross haematuria 72\u00a0months after initiation of KRT. Another patient (5.5%) developed infected cyst with back pain and clinical sepsis 60\u00a0months following KRT initiation. A dialysis duration of\u2009\u2265\u200928\u00a0months was the only significant factor associated with ACKD development (77.8% vs. 40%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.028; OR<jats:sub>adj<\/jats:sub> 6.09, 95% CI 1.43\u201325.82, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.014). The diagnostic yield of paired ultrasound and MRI was superior to ultrasound alone.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>ACKD is prevalent among children and adolescents with kidney failure, with most cases being asymptomatic, however serious complications may arise. Longer duration of dialysis is significantly associated with ACKD development. Therefore, early transplantation and active ACKD surveillance are crucial for children receiving KRT.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Graphical abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-024-06628-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]],"date-time":"2025-01-04T07:23:04Z","timestamp":1735975384000},"page":"1741-1750","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Acquired cystic kidney disease in children with kidney failure"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2132-1215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin Ming-yin","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kin-fen Kevin","family":"Fung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pak-Chiu","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wai-ming","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alison Lap-tak","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eugene Yu-hin","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"6628_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2014.08.003","volume":"41","author":"J Waterman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Waterman J (2014) Diagnosis and evaluation of renal cysts. Prim Care 41:823\u2013835. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pop.2014.08.003","journal-title":"Prim Care"},{"key":"6628_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.30.9.868","volume":"30","author":"MS Dunnill","year":"1977","unstructured":"Dunnill MS, Millard PR, Oliver D (1977) Acquired cystic disease of the kidneys: a hazard of long-term intermittent maintenance haemodialysis. J Clin Pathol 30:868\u2013877. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jcp.30.9.868","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"6628_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1654","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2024.03.031","volume":"9","author":"D Borzych-Du\u017ca\u0142ka","year":"2024","unstructured":"Borzych-Du\u017ca\u0142ka D, Same R, Neu A, Yap HK, Verrina E, Bakkaloglu SA, Cano F, Patel H, Szczepa\u0144ska M, Obrycki \u0141 (2024) Best Practice of Peritoneal Dialysis-Associated Gram-Negative Peritonitis in Children: Insights From the International Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Network Registry. Kidney Int Rep 9:1654\u20131663. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ekir.2024.03.031","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep"},{"key":"6628_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-019-04372-x","volume":"35","author":"EYH Chan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chan EYH, Borzych-Duzalka D, Alparslan C, Harvey E, Munarriz RL, Runowski D, Vidal E, Coccia PA, Jankauskiene A, Principi I (2020) Colostomy in children on chronic peritoneal dialysis. Pediatr Nephrol 35:119\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-019-04372-x","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"6628_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2171","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-022-05828-3","volume":"38","author":"EYH Chan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chan EYH, Liu MS, Or PC, Ma ALT (2023) Outcomes and perception of cloud-based remote patient monitoring in children receiving automated peritoneal dialysis: a prospective study. Pediatr Nephrol 38:2171\u20132178. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-022-05828-3","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"6628_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.14007","volume":"27","author":"EYH Chan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chan EYH, Yap DYH, Wong WHS, Ho TW, Tong PC, Lai WM, Chan TM, Ma ALT (2022) Demographics and long-term outcomes of children with end-stage kidney disease: A 20-year territory-wide study. Nephrology 27:171\u2013180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nep.14007","journal-title":"Nephrology"},{"key":"6628_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.12809\/hkmj154781","volume":"22","author":"YH Chan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chan YH, Ma ALT, Tong PC, Lai WM, Tse NKC (2016) Chronic peritoneal dialysis in Chinese infants and children younger than two years. Hong Kong Med J 22:365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12809\/hkmj154781","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med J"},{"key":"6628_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-020-04484-9","volume":"35","author":"AWM Choi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Choi AWM, Fong NC, Li VWY, Ho TW, Chan EYH, Ma ALT, Cheung YF (2020) Left ventricular stiffness in paediatric patients with end-stage kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 35:1051\u20131060. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-020-04484-9","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"6628_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2022.01.035","volume":"101","author":"ALT Ma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ma ALT, Leung D, Chan EYH, Chim S, Cheng S, Ho FTW, Lai WM, Tong PC, Lee MHL, Wong WHS (2022) Antibody responses to 2 doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in pediatric patients with kidney diseases. Kidney Int 101:1069\u20131072. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.kint.2022.01.035","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"6628_CR10","first-page":"20","volume":"11","author":"M Sieniawska","year":"1991","unstructured":"Sieniawska M, Roszkowska-Blaim M, Welc-Dobies J (1991) Acquired cystic kidney disease in renal insufficiency. Child Nephrol Urol 11:20\u201324","journal-title":"Child Nephrol Urol"},{"key":"6628_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00870371","volume":"2","author":"HE Leichter","year":"1988","unstructured":"Leichter HE, Dietrich R, Salusky IB, Foley J, Cohen AH, Kangarloo H, Fine RN (1988) Acquired cystic kidney disease in children undergoing long-term dialysis. Pediatr Nephrol 2:8\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00870371","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"6628_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3476(05)82542-9","volume":"121","author":"U Querfeld","year":"1992","unstructured":"Querfeld U, Schneble F, Wradzidlo W, Waldherr R, Tr\u00f6ger J, Sch\u00e4rer K (1992) Acquired cystic kidney disease before and after renal transplantation. J Pediatr 121:61\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-3476(05)82542-9","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"6628_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1007\/s004670050314","volume":"11","author":"TK Mattoo","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mattoo TK, Greifer I, Geva P, Spitzer A (1997) Acquired renal cystic disease in children and young adults on maintenance dialysis. Pediatr Nephrol 11:447\u2013450. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s004670050314","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"6628_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ishikawa I (1990) Acquired renal cystic disease. In: Gardner KD, Bernstein J (eds). The Cystic Kidney. Dev Nephrol 27:351\u2013377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-009-0457-6_14","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-009-0457-6_14"},{"key":"6628_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-017-3649-9","volume":"33","author":"EYH Chan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chan EYH, Warady BA (2018) Acquired cystic kidney disease: an under-recognized condition in children with end-stage renal disease. Pediatr Nephrol 33:41\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-017-3649-9","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"6628_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chan EYH, Warady BA (2017) Acquired cystic kidney disease. In: Warady B, Schaefer F, Alexander S (eds) Pediatric Dialysis Case Studies, pp 335\u2013341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-55147-0_44","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-55147-0_44"},{"key":"6628_CR17","first-page":"671","volume":"11","author":"I Ishikawa","year":"1991","unstructured":"Ishikawa I (1991) Acquired cystic disease: mechanisms and manifestations. Semin Nephrol 11:671\u2013684","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"6628_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2166","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000124263.51906.b9","volume":"171","author":"R Konda","year":"2004","unstructured":"Konda R, Sato H, Hatafuku F, Nozawa T, Ioritani N, Fujioka T (2004) Expression of hepatocyte growth factor and its receptor C-met in acquired renal cystic disease associated with renal cell carcinoma. J Urol 171:2166\u20132170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.ju.0000124263.51906.b9","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"6628_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1991.192","volume":"40","author":"JJ Grantham","year":"1991","unstructured":"Grantham JJ (1991) Acquired cystic kidney disease. Kidney Int 40:143\u2013152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ki.1991.192","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"6628_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-199007000-00003","volume":"69","author":"MA Matson","year":"1990","unstructured":"Matson MA, Cohen EP (1990) Acquired cystic kidney disease: occurrence, prevalence, and renal cancers. Medicine 69:217\u2013226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00005792-199007000-00003","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"6628_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1986.251","volume":"30","author":"N Narasimhan","year":"1986","unstructured":"Narasimhan N, Golper TA, Wolfson M, Rahatzad M, Bennett WM (1986) Clinical characteristics and diagnostic considerations in acquired renal cystic disease. Kidney Int 30:748\u2013752. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ki.1986.251","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"6628_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/s0272-6386(12)80058-8","volume":"16","author":"I Ishikawa","year":"1990","unstructured":"Ishikawa I, Saito Y, Shikura N, Kitada H, Shinoda A, Suzuki S (1990) Ten-year prospective study on the development of renal cell carcinoma in dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 16:452\u2013458. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0272-6386(12)80058-8","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"6628_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1716","DOI":"10.1007\/s003300000601","volume":"10","author":"PL Choyke","year":"2000","unstructured":"Choyke PL (2000) Acquired cystic kidney disease. Eur Radiol 10:1716\u20131721. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s003300000601","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"6628_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019182646","volume":"292","author":"SG Silverman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Silverman SG, Pedrosa I, Ellis JH, Hindman NM, Schieda N, Smith AD, Remer EM, Shinagare AB, Curci NE, Raman SS (2019) Bosniak classification of cystic renal masses, version 2019: an update proposal and needs assessment. Radiology 292:475\u2013488. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2019182646","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"6628_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2641","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-024-06364-y","volume":"39","author":"AM Chuah","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chuah AM, Chan EY, Tong PC, Ma AL (2024) Incidental finding of acquired cystic kidney disease associated renal cell carcinoma in an adolescent with kidney failure. Pediatr Nephrol 39:2641\u20132643. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-024-06364-y","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"6628_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e24547","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.24547","volume":"14","author":"F Ali","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ali F, Aziz JB, Saleem S, Khan SI, Khan S, Khan SI (2022) Frequency of acquired renal cystic disease in patients on long-term hemodialysis and associated renal cell carcinoma. Cureus 14:e24547. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.24547","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"6628_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2023.45.175.31773","volume":"45","author":"DG Teuwafeu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Teuwafeu DG, Dongmo A, Fomekong SD, Amougou M, Mahamat M, Nono A, Kaze FF, Ashuntantang G (2023) Acquired cystic kidney disease in patients on maintenance hemodialysis, prevalence and associated factors: a cross-sectional study. Pan Afr Med J 45:175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11604\/pamj.2023.45.175.31773","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"key":"6628_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e24365","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.24365","volume":"14","author":"S Khatri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Khatri S, Bajeer I, Lanewala AAA, Farid M, Hashmi S (2022) Acquired cystic kidney disease: a hidden complication in children on chronic hemodialysis. Cureus 14:e24365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.24365","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"6628_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-8389(22)00680-7","volume":"34","author":"E Levine","year":"1996","unstructured":"Levine E (1996) Acquired cystic kidney disease. Radiol Clin North Am 34:947\u2013964","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"3 Suppl 1","key":"6628_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A7","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.01.001","volume":"73","author":"R Saran","year":"2019","unstructured":"Saran R, Robinson B, Abbott KC, Agodoa LYC, Bragg-Gresham J, Balkrishnan R, Bhave N, Dietrich X, Ding Z, Eggers PW, Gaipov A, Gillen D, Gipson D, Gu H, Guro P, Haggerty D, Han Y, He K, Herman W, Heung M, Shahinian V (2019) US Renal Data System 2018 Annual Data Report: Epidemiology of Kidney Disease in the United States. Am J Kidney Dis 73(3 Suppl 1):A7\u2013A8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.01.001","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"6628_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2016.02.016","volume":"89","author":"NC Chesnaye","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chesnaye NC, Schaefer F, Groothoff JW, Bonthuis M, Reusz G, Heaf JG, Lewis M, Maurer E, Paripovi\u0107 D, Zagozdzon I (2016) Mortality risk in European children with end-stage renal disease on dialysis. Kidney Int 89:1355\u20131362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.kint.2016.02.016","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"6628_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.13418","volume":"32","author":"L Mumford","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mumford L, Maxwell H, Ahmad N, Marks SD, Tizard J (2019) The impact of changing practice on improved outcomes of paediatric renal transplantation in the United Kingdom: a 25 years review. Transpl Int 32:751\u2013761. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/tri.13418","journal-title":"Transpl Int"},{"key":"6628_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.12809\/hkmj175078","volume":"24","author":"K Chau","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chau K (2018) Living-related renal transplantation in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 24:4\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12809\/hkmj175078","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med J"},{"key":"6628_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.10.014","volume":"8","author":"EY Chan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chan EY, Yap DY, Wong WT, Wong WH, Wong SW, Lin KY, Hui FY, Yee-Ming J, Lam SS, Wong JK, Lai FF, Ho TW, Tong PC, Lai WM, Chan TM, Ma AL (2023) Long-term outcomes of children and adolescents with biopsy-proven childhood-onset lupus nephritis. Kidney Int Rep 8:141\u2013150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.10.014","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep"},{"key":"6628_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1159\/000166738","volume":"3","author":"I Ishikawa","year":"1983","unstructured":"Ishikawa I, Yuri T, Kitada H, Shinoda A (1983) Regression of acquired cystic disease of the kidney after successful renal transplantation. Am J Nephrol 3:310\u2013314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000166738","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"6628_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1993.288","volume":"44","author":"Y-HH Lien","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lien Y-HH, Hunt KR, Siskind MS, Zukoski C (1993) Association of cyclosporin A with acquired cystic kidney disease of the native kidneys in renal transplant recipient. Kidney Int 44:613\u2013616. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ki.1993.288","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"6628_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-5347(17)38281-2","volume":"145","author":"LH Klotz","year":"1991","unstructured":"Klotz LH, Kulkarni C, Mills G (1991) End stage renal disease serum contains a specific renal cell growth factor. J Urol 145:156\u2013160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-5347(17)38281-2","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"6628_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.169.2.3051112","volume":"169","author":"DM Warshauer","year":"1988","unstructured":"Warshauer DM, McCarthy SM, Street L, Bookbinder M, Glickman M, Richter J, Hammers L, Taylor C, Rosenfield A (1988) Detection of renal masses: sensitivities and specificities of excretory urography\/linear tomography, US, and CT. Radiology 169:363\u2013365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiology.169.2.3051112","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"6628_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.11111595","volume":"262","author":"MA Bosniak","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bosniak MA (2012) The Bosniak renal cyst classification: 25 years later. Radiology 262:781\u2013785. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.11111595","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"6628_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2024.04.022","volume":"106","author":"WLJ Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen WLJ, Fung KFK, Chan EY (2024) Nephronophthisis-associated ciliopathy with brachydactyly, medullary cysts, and chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 106:759. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.kint.2024.04.022","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"6628_CR41","unstructured":"Carolyn Wang DA, Michael JM (2024) ACR Manual On Contrast Media 75\u201382. https:\/\/www.acr.org\/-\/media\/ACR\/Files\/Clinical-Resources\/Contrast_Media.pdf.\u00a0Accessed 1 Aug 2024"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00467-024-06628-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00467-024-06628-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00467-024-06628-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]],"date-time":"2025-03-29T19:36:08Z","timestamp":1743276968000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00467-024-06628-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["6628"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-024-06628-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0931-041X","1432-198X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0931-041X","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-198X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 November 2024","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 November 2024","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 January 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}