{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T21:04:09Z","timestamp":1766523849665,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760400000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Nephrol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-025-06990-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T22:27:20Z","timestamp":1760394440000},"page":"413-422","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Randomized controlled trial on efficacy and safety of torsemide versus furosemide in patients with nephrotic syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Tanvi","family":"Bindal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9566-3370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aditi","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Menka","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jitendra","family":"Meena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pankaj","family":"Hari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arvind","family":"Bagga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"6990_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-021-2217-3","volume":"58","author":"Sinha A, Bagga A, Banerjee S, Mishra K, Mehta A, Agarwal I, Uthup S, Saha A, Mishra OP; Expert Group of Indian Society of Pediatric Nephrology","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sinha A, Bagga A, Banerjee S, Mishra K, Mehta A, Agarwal I, Uthup S, Saha A, Mishra OP; Expert Group of Indian Society of Pediatric Nephrology (2021) Steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome: revised guidelines. Indian Pediatr 58:461\u2013481. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13312-021-2217-3","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"},{"key":"6990_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-022-05739-3","volume":"38","author":"Trautmann A, Boyer O, Hodson E, Bagga A, Gipson DS, Samuel S, Wetzels J, Alhasan K, Banerjee S, Bhimma R, Bonilla-Felix M, Cano F, Christian M, Hahn D, Kang HG, Nakanishi K, Safouh H, Trachtman H, Xu H, Cook W, Vivarelli M, Haffner D; International Pediatric Nephrology Association","year":"2023","unstructured":"Trautmann A, Boyer O, Hodson E, Bagga A, Gipson DS, Samuel S, Wetzels J, Alhasan K, Banerjee S, Bhimma R, Bonilla-Felix M, Cano F, Christian M, Hahn D, Kang HG, Nakanishi K, Safouh H, Trachtman H, Xu H, Cook W, Vivarelli M, Haffner D; International Pediatric Nephrology Association (2023) IPNA clinical practice recommendations for the diagnosis and management of children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 38:877\u2013919. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-022-05739-3","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"6990_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-020-03252-9","volume":"87","author":"J Meena","year":"2020","unstructured":"Meena J, Bagga A (2020) Current perspectives in management of edema in nephrotic syndrome. Indian J Pediatr 87:633\u2013640. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12098-020-03252-9","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"6990_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2021.05.021","volume":"100","author":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Glomerular Diseases Work Group","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Glomerular Diseases Work Group (2021) Practice Guideline for the management of glomerular diseases. Kidney Int 100:S1\u2013S276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.kint.2021.05.021","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"6990_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-020-04779-x","volume":"36","author":"M Kallash","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kallash M, Mahan JD (2021) Mechanisms and management of edema in pediatric nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 36:1719\u20131730. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-020-04779-x","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"6990_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1M177","volume":"43","author":"KA Wargo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wargo KA, Banta WM (2009) A comprehensive review of the loop diuretics: should furosemide be first line? Ann Pharmacother 43:1836\u20131847. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1345\/aph.1M177","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"key":"6990_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840130616","volume":"13","author":"G Laffi","year":"1991","unstructured":"Laffi G, Marra F, Buzzelli G, Azzena G, Meacci E, De Feo ML, La Villa G, Gentilini P (1991) Comparison of the effects of torasemide and furosemide in nonazotemic cirrhotic patients with ascites: a randomized, double-blind study. Hepatology 13:1101\u20131105","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"6990_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/s0168-8278(05)80217-x","volume":"17","author":"AL Gerbes","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gerbes AL, Bertheau-Reitha U, Falkner C, J\u00fcngst D, Paumgartner G (1993) Advantages of the new loop diuretic torasemide over furosemide in patients with cirrhosis and ascites. A randomized, double blind cross-over trial. J Hepatol 17:353\u2013358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0168-8278(05)80217-x","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"6990_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1080\/003655201750074672","volume":"36","author":"R Abecasis","year":"2001","unstructured":"Abecasis R, Guevara M, Miguez C, Cobas S, Terg R (2001) Long-term efficacy of torsemide compared with frusemide in cirrhotic patients with ascites. Scand J Gastroenterol 36:309\u2013313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/003655201750074672","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"6990_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00877962","volume":"7","author":"P Gentilini","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gentilini P, Laffi G, La Villa G, Carloni V, Foschi M, Romanelli RG, Marra F (1993) Torasemide in the treatment of patients with cirrhosis and ascites. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 7(Suppl 1):81\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00877962","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Drugs Ther"},{"key":"6990_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4291","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S86300","volume":"9","author":"MR Ballester","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ballester MR, Roig E, Gich I, Puntes M, Delgadillo J, Santos B, Antonijoan RM (2015) Randomized, open-label, blinded-endpoint, crossover, single-dose study to compare the pharmacodynamics of torasemide-PR 10 mg, torasemide-IR 10 mg, and furosemide-IR 40 mg, in patients with chronic heart failure. Drug Des Devel Ther 9:4291\u20134302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/DDDT.S86300","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"key":"6990_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2007.129239","volume":"93","author":"H Senzaki","year":"2008","unstructured":"Senzaki H, Kamiyama M, Masutani S, Ishido H, Taketazu M, Kobayashi T, Katogi T, Kyo S (2008) Efficacy and safety of torasemide in children with heart failure. Arch Dis Child 93:768\u2013771. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/adc.2007.129239","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"6990_CR13","first-page":"520","volume":"13","author":"Q Li","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li Q, Qi ZY, Xiao QW, He XY, Zeng J, Xu Jl (2011) Treatment of nephritic edema by torasemide in children. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi Chin J Contemp Pediatr 13:520\u2013521","journal-title":"Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi Chin J Contemp Pediatr"},{"key":"6990_CR14","unstructured":"The World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. https:\/\/www.wma.net\/what-we-do\/medical-ethics\/declaration-of-helsinki\/. Accessed 7 July 2025"},{"key":"6990_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-025-03635-5","volume":"31","author":"S Hopewell","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hopewell S, Chan A-W, Collins GS, Hr\u00f3bjartsson A, Moher D, Schulz KF, Tunn R, Aggarwal R, Berkwits M, Berlin JA, Bhandari N, Butcher NJ, Campbell MK, Chidebe RCW, Elbourne D, Farmer A, Fergusson DA, Golub RM, Goodman SN, Hoffmann TC, Ioannidis JPA, Kahan BC, Knowles RL, Lamb SE, Lewis S, Loder E, Offringa M, Ravaud P, Richards DP, Rockhold FW, Schriger DL, Siegfried NL, Staniszewska S, Taylor RS, Thabane L, Torgerson D, Vohra S, White IR, Boutron I (2025) CONSORT 2025 statement: updated guideline for reporting randomized trials. Nat Med 31:1776\u20131783. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-025-03635-5","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"6990_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-014-1031-9","volume":"19","author":"Y Kaku","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kaku Y, Ohtsuka Y, Komatsu Y, Ohta T, Nagai T, Kaito H, Kondo S, Ikezumi Y, Tanaka S, Matsumoto S, Sako M, Tsuruga K, Nakanishi K, Kamei K, Saito H, Fujinaga S, Hamasaki Y, Chikamoto H, Ishikura K, Iijima K (2015) Clinical practice guideline for pediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome 2013: general therapy. Clin Exp Nephrol 19:34\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10157-014-1031-9","journal-title":"Clin Exp Nephrol"},{"key":"6990_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2008030287","volume":"20","author":"GJ Schwartz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schwartz GJ, Mu\u00f1oz A, Schneider MF, Mak RH, Kaskel F, Warady BA, Furth SL (2009) New equations to estimate GFR in children with CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol 20:629\u2013637. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1681\/ASN.2008030287","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"6990_CR18","unstructured":"NCI Enterprise Vocabulary Services (EVS) (2019) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). https:\/\/evs.nci.nih.gov\/ftp1\/CTCAE\/CTCAE_5.0\/. Accessed 7 July 2025"},{"key":"6990_CR19","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2013) The use of the WHO-UMC system for standardized case causality assessment. https:\/\/www.who.int\/medicines\/areas\/quality_safety\/safety_efficacy\/WHOcausality_assessment.pdf. Accessed 7 July 2025"},{"key":"6990_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2001.16.4.448","volume":"16","author":"KY Na","year":"2001","unstructured":"Na KY, Han JS, Kim YS, Ahn C, Kim S, Lee JS, Bae KS, Jang IJ, Shin SG, Huh W, Jeon US (2001) Does albumin preinfusion potentiate diuretic action of furosemide in patients with nephrotic syndrome? J Korean Med Sci 16:448\u2013454. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3346\/jkms.2001.16.4.448","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"6990_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.12.059","volume":"75","author":"GM Felker","year":"2020","unstructured":"Felker GM, Ellison DH, Mullens W, Cox ZL, Testani JM (2020) Diuretic therapy for patients with heart failure: JACC state-of-the-art review. J Am Coll Cardiol 75:1178\u20131195. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.12.059","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"6990_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36660\/abc.20230825","volume":"121","author":"L Teixeira","year":"2024","unstructured":"Teixeira L, Felix N, Navalha DDP, Ferreira R, Clemente MRC, Madeira T, Nogueira A, Tramujas L (2024) Torsemide versus furosemide in the treatment of heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arq Bras Cardiol 121:e20230825. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36660\/abc.20230825","journal-title":"Arq Bras Cardiol"},{"key":"6990_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2018.08.015","volume":"57","author":"P Shah","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shah P, Patel H, Mithawala P, Doshi R (2018) Torsemide versus furosemide in heart failure patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Intern Med 57:e38\u2013e40. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejim.2018.08.015","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"6990_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.2165\/00044011-200525030-00002","volume":"25","author":"S Paterna","year":"2005","unstructured":"Paterna S, Fasullo S, Di Pasquale P (2005) High-dose torasemide is equivalent to high-dose furosemide with hypertonic saline in the treatment of refractory congestive heart failure. Clin Drug Investig 25:165\u2013173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00044011-200525030-00002","journal-title":"Clin Drug Investig"},{"key":"6990_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00124.x","volume":"64","author":"N Vasavada","year":"2003","unstructured":"Vasavada N, Saha C, Agarwal R (2003) A double-blind randomized crossover trial of two loop diuretics in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 64:632\u2013640. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00124.x","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"6990_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1081\/jdi-65298","volume":"27","author":"O Vargas Hein","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vargas Hein O, Staegemann M, Wagner D, von Heymann C, Martin M, Morgera S, Spies C (2005) Torsemide versus furosemide after continuous renal replacement therapy due to acute renal failure in cardiac surgery patients. Ren Fail 27:385\u2013392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1081\/jdi-65298","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"key":"6990_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.0000000000000481","volume":"36","author":"VS Rao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Rao VS, Cox ZL, Ivey-Miranda JB, Neville D, Balkcom N, Moreno-Villagomez J, Ramos-Mastache D, Maulion C, Bellumkonda L, Tang WHW, Collins SP, Velazquez EJ, Mentz RJ, Wilson FP, Turner JM, Wilcox CS, Ellison DH, Fang JC, Testani JM (2025) Mechanistic differences between torsemide and furosemide. J Am Soc Nephrol 36:99\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1681\/ASN.0000000000000481","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"6990_CR28","first-page":"179","volume":"41","author":"SJ Wang","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wang SJ, Tsau YK, Lu FL, Chen CH (2000) Hypovolemia and hypovolemic shock in children with nephrotic syndrome. Acta Paediatr Taiwan 41:179\u2013183","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Taiwan"},{"key":"6990_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.04390808","volume":"4","author":"G Kapur","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kapur G, Valentini RP, Imam AA, Mattoo TK (2009) Treatment of severe edema in children with nephrotic syndrome with diuretics alone \u2014 a prospective study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 4:907\u2013913. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2215\/CJN.04390808","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"6990_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-008-1062-0","volume":"24","author":"R Dharmaraj","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dharmaraj R, Hari P, Bagga A (2009) Randomized cross-over trial comparing albumin and frusemide infusions in nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 24:775\u2013782. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-008-1062-0","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00467-025-06990-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00467-025-06990-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00467-025-06990-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T21:02:11Z","timestamp":1766523731000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00467-025-06990-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["6990"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-025-06990-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0931-041X","1432-198X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0931-041X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1432-198X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 August 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 September 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 October 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Institute Ethics Committee, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. Written informed consent was taken from all parents.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent"}},{"value":"All authors declare no competing interests or financial disclosures.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}