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Influences on psychological well-being and self-confidence were repeatedly described, but effects on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) have been rarely reported. The aim of this study is to examine the HRQoL under therapy by using KINDL-R and to compare it with three recognized chronic diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Questionnaires were sent to all patients with MNE of the special outpatient clinic for enuresis (age 7\u201317\u00a0years; groups: I: 7\u201313, II: 14\u201317\u00a0years; at least 3\u00a0months of therapy, no achieved dryness). Simultaneously, patients from special outpatient clinics for allergic bronchial asthma (ABA), diabetes mellitus type I (DMI), and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) were asked to take part in the study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Included patients: 47 MNE (I:41\/II:6)\/59 ABA (I:34\/II:25)\/57 DMI (I:31\/II:26)\/37 JIA (I:18\/II:19). Patient reports showed no significant differences between the cohorts in both age groups examined with regard to the total score and six individual dimensions. In the additional \u201cchronic-generic\u201d module, patients with MNE in the age of 7\u201313\u00a0years showed significantly lower values than all other study cohorts (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients under therapy for MNE without achieving dryness showed no significant differences in overall HRQoL or individual dimensions compared to the reference groups, but a significantly lower HRQoL in the chronic-generic module in children and parents (group 7\u201313\u00a0years) and in adolescents (14\u201317\u00a0years of age). This result is consistent with reported limitations in self-esteem and HRQoL before therapy and supports the need and importance of adequate therapy for MNE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-025-07042-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T08:58:44Z","timestamp":1763542724000},"page":"1079-1086","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of health-related quality of life in children and adolescents with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis under therapy versus allergic bronchial asthma, diabetes mellitus type I, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis \u2013 a KINDL-R-based study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3056-9794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcus O.","family":"Klein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nora","family":"Duncker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Thews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1495-4524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Kalab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3685-0783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Schulz-J\u00fcrgensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"7042_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2005.05640.x","volume":"96","author":"RJ Butler","year":"2005","unstructured":"Butler RJ, Golding J, Northstone K, ALSPAC Study Team (2005) Nocturnal enuresis at 7.5 years old: prevalence and analysis of clinical signs. 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The Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty of the Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel has confirmed that no ethical consideration exists in both studies (studies D 422\/13, D 439\/13) which we compared here\n                      .\n                      Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study and their parents.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and Informed Consent"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.\u00a0","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}