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The 213 participants were assessed at 14\u201315 and 19\u201323\u00a0years of age. Outcomes were estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and first-morning urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR). We estimated the relationships with multivariable generalized linear models informed by directed acyclic graphs. Causal mediation analysis was also performed to evaluate if adolescent kidney function indirectly mediated the effect of HDP on young adulthood kidney function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty-seven percent (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200979) were exposed to HDP. Kidney function in adolescence was associated with kidney function in young adulthood (eGFR adjusted\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.48\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73 m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , 95% CL 0.21\u20130.75; ACR adjusted\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.19\u00a0mg\/g, 95% CL 0.15\u20130.24). There was no significant association between HDP and kidney function in both adolescence and young adulthood. There was also no statistically significant causal mediation effect of HDP on young adulthood kidney function indirectly through adolescent kidney function.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found no significant association between HDP and offspring kidney function in adolescence and young adulthood and no evidence of mediation through adolescent kidney function. Next steps in this research may look to investigate the relationship of severity of prematurity on offspring kidney function, as HDPs are a factor in premature births and the degree of prematurity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-026-07273-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T07:57:43Z","timestamp":1774943863000},"page":"3389-3396","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Estimating the association of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy with offspring kidney function from adolescence into young adulthood"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Jo A.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark C.","family":"Chappell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth T.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keia R.","family":"Sanderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher L.","family":"Schaich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hossam A.","family":"Shaltout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3204-4142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew M.","family":"South","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"7273_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"(2013) Hypertension in pregnancy. 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Written informed consent was obtained from parents or legal guardians. Participants gave written informed assent as adolescents and written informed consent as young adults.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethical approval has been granted by the WFUSM institutional review board.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Portions of these results were presented in abstract form at ASN Kidney Week, October 24\u201327, 2024, San Diego, CA.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Previous presentations","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}