{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T08:10:38Z","timestamp":1788682238643,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788566400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788566400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Nephrol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-026-07533-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T16:02:02Z","timestamp":1788624122000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["C-reactive protein as a potential effector molecule in the pathogenesis of acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis: a narrative review"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4422-2783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anyelo","family":"Duran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3937-0469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana","family":"Pedrea\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4997-7168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nereida","family":"Valero-Cede\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0598-6971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renata","family":"Vargas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1496-5511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jes\u00fas Alberto","family":"Mosquera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"7533_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00754","volume":"9","author":"NR Sproston","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sproston NR, Ashworth JJ (2018) Role of C-reactive protein at sites of inflammation and infection. Front Immunol 9:754. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00754","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"7533_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/s0161-5890(01)00042-6","volume":"38","author":"JE Volanakis","year":"2001","unstructured":"Volanakis JE (2001) Human C-reactive protein: expression structure and function. Mol Immunol 38:189\u2013197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0161-5890(01)00042-6","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"key":"7533_CR3","first-page":"811","volume":"20","author":"G Abraham","year":"2009","unstructured":"Abraham G, Sundaram V, Sundaram V et al (2009) C-Reactive protein, a valuable predictive marker in chronic kidney disease. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 20:811\u2013815","journal-title":"Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl"},{"key":"7533_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.5527\/wjn.v11.i5.139","volume":"11","author":"LT Ong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ong LT (2022) Management and outcomes of acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis in children. World J Nephrol 11:139\u2013145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5527\/wjn.v11.i5.139","journal-title":"World J Nephrol"},{"key":"7533_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3027","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-023-05935-9","volume":"38","author":"D Karakaya","year":"2023","unstructured":"Karakaya D, G\u00fcng\u00f6r T, \u00c7ak\u0131c\u0131 EK et al (2023) Predictors of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis in acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Pediatr Nephrol 38:3027\u20133033. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-023-05935-9","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"7533_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24496","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)51111-5","volume":"269","author":"S Macintyre","year":"1994","unstructured":"Macintyre S, Samols D, Dailey P (1994) Two carboxylesterases bind C-reactive protein within the endoplasmic reticulum and regulate its secretion during the acute phase response. J Biol Chem 269:24496\u201324503","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"7533_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3885","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.8.23.10068","volume":"8","author":"SU Eisenhardt","year":"2009","unstructured":"Eisenhardt SU, Thiele JR, Bannasch H et al (2009) C-reactive protein: how conformational changes influence inflammatory properties. Cell Cycle 8:3885\u20133892. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4161\/cc.8.23.10068","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"7533_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.18388\/abp.2009_2513","volume":"56","author":"M Boncler","year":"2009","unstructured":"Boncler M, Watala C (2009) Regulation of cell function by isoforms of C-reactive protein: a comparative analysis. Acta Biochim Pol 56:17\u201331","journal-title":"Acta Biochim Pol"},{"key":"7533_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00539","volume":"9","author":"KR Chirco","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chirco KR, Potempa LA (2018) C-reactive protein as a mediator of complement activation and inflammatory signaling in age-related macular degeneration. Front Immunol 9:539. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00539","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"7533_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.2147\/vhrm.2006.2.3.221","volume":"2","author":"R Osman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Osman R, Allier PLL, Elgharib N et al (2006) Critical appraisal of C-reactive protein throughout the spectrum of cardiovascular disease. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2:221\u2013237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/vhrm.2006.2.3.221","journal-title":"Vasc Health Risk Manag"},{"key":"7533_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1385\/IR:24:2:163","volume":"24","author":"RF Mortensen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mortensen RF (2001) C-reactive protein, inflammation, and innate immunity. Immunol Res 24:163\u2013176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1385\/IR:24:2:163","journal-title":"Immunol Res"},{"key":"7533_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1161\/01.atv.18.9.1386","volume":"18","author":"J Torzewski","year":"1998","unstructured":"Torzewski J, Torzewski M, Bowyer DE et al (1998) C-reactive protein frequently colocalizes with the terminal complement complex in the intima of early atherosclerotic lesions of human coronary arteries. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 18:1386\u20131392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.atv.18.9.1386","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"7533_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1080\/08830185.2020.1830083","volume":"40","author":"J Mosquera","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mosquera J, Pedrea\u00f1ez A et al (2021) Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis: analysis of the pathogenesis. Int Rev Immunol 40:381\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/08830185.2020.1830083","journal-title":"Int Rev Immunol"},{"key":"7533_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.00504.x","volume":"68","author":"SR Batsford","year":"2005","unstructured":"Batsford SR, Mezzano S, Mihatsch M et al (2005) Is the nephritogenic antigen in post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis pyrogenic exotoxin B (SPE B) or GAPDH? Kidney Int 68:1120\u20131129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.00504.x","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"7533_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/417675","volume":"2012","author":"T Oda","year":"2012","unstructured":"Oda T, Yoshizawa N, Yamakami K et al (2012) The role of nephritis- associated plasmin receptor (NAPlr) in glomerulonephritis associated with streptococcal infection. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012:417675. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/417675","journal-title":"J Biomed Biotechnol"},{"key":"7533_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6723","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2023-23286","volume":"106","author":"R Rasooly","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rasooly R, Do P, Hernlem B (2023) T-cell receptor V\u03b28 for detection of biologically active streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C. J Dairy Sci 106:6723\u20136730. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3168\/jds.2023-23286","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"7533_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/5.suppl_1.6","volume":"5","author":"A Vogt","year":"1990","unstructured":"Vogt A, Schmiedeke T, St\u00f6ckl F et al (1990) The role of cationic proteins in the pathogenesis of immune complex glomerulonephritis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 5:6\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ndt\/5.suppl_1.6","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"7533_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/14.8.1867","volume":"14","author":"M Romero","year":"1999","unstructured":"Romero M, Mosquera J, Novo E et al (1999) Erythrogenic toxin type B and its precursor isolated from nephritogenic streptococci induce leukocyte infiltration in normal rat kidneys. Nephrol Dial Transplant 14:1867\u20131874. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ndt\/14.8.1867","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"7533_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2001.059003950.x","volume":"59","author":"NT Viera","year":"2001","unstructured":"Viera NT, Romero MJ, Montero MK et al (2001) Streptococcal erythrogenic toxin B induces apoptosis and proliferation in human leukocytes. Kidney Int 59:950\u2013958. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2001.059003950.x","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"7533_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-007-0501-7","volume":"22","author":"N Viera","year":"2007","unstructured":"Viera N, Pedreanez A, Rincon J et al (2007) Streptococcal exotoxin B increases interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-8 and transforming growth factor beta-1 in leukocytes. Pediatr Nephrol 22:1273\u20131281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-007-0501-7","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"7533_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-008-1105-6","volume":"24","author":"N Viera","year":"2009","unstructured":"Viera N, Pedreanez A, Rincon J et al (2009) Streptococcal zymogen type B induces angiotensin II in mesangial cells and leukocytes. Pediatr Nephrol 24:1005\u20131011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-008-1105-6","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"7533_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfg109","volume":"18","author":"J Rincon","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rincon J, Viera NT, Romero MJ et al (2003) Increased production of chemotactic cytokines and elevated proliferation and expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in rat mesangial cells treated with erythrogenic toxin type B and its precursor isolated from nephritogenic streptococci. Nephrol Dial Transplant 18:1072\u20131078. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ndt\/gfg109","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"7533_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1159\/000091955","volume":"26","author":"A Pedreanez","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pedreanez A, Viera N, Rincon J et al (2006) Increased IL-6 in supernatant of rat mesangial cell cultures treated with erythrogenic toxin type B and its precursor isolated from nephritogenic streptococci. Am J Nephrol 26:75\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000091955","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"7533_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2311","DOI":"10.1099\/13500872-142-8-2311","volume":"142","author":"SB Winram","year":"1996","unstructured":"Winram SB, Lottenberg R (1996) The plasmin-binding protein plr of group A streptococci is identified as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Microbiology 142:2311\u20132320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/13500872-142-8-2311","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"7533_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1097\/01.asn.0000130624.94920.6b","volume":"15","author":"N Yoshizawa","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yoshizawa N, Yamakami K, Fujino M et al (2004) Nephritis-associated plasmin receptor and acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis: characterization of the antigen and associated immune response. J Am Soc Nephrol 15:1785\u20131793. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.asn.0000130624.94920.6b","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"7533_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2000.0990","volume":"21","author":"K Yamakami","year":"2000","unstructured":"Yamakami K, Yoshizawa N, Wakabayashi K et al (2000) The potential role for nephritis-associated plasmin receptor in acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Methods 21:185\u2013197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/meth.2000.0990","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"7533_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1914","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.55.8.1914-1918.1987","volume":"55","author":"R Lottenberg","year":"1987","unstructured":"Lottenberg R, Broder CC, Boyle MD (1987) Identification of a specific receptor for plasmin on a group A streptococcus. Infect Immun 55:1914\u20131918. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.55.8.1914-1918.1987","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"7533_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115405","volume":"88","author":"JD Vassalli","year":"1991","unstructured":"Vassalli JD, Sappino AP, Belin D (1991) The plasminogen activator\/plasmin system. J Clin 88:1067\u20131672. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI115405","journal-title":"J Clin"},{"key":"7533_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2152","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.93.12.2152","volume":"93","author":"G Montrucchio","year":"1996","unstructured":"Montrucchio G, Lupia E, De Martino A et al (1996) Plasmin promotes an endothelium-dependent adhesion of neutrophils, involvement of platelet activating factor and P-selectin. Circulation 93:2152\u20132160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.cir.93.12.2152","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"7533_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.163.3.588","volume":"163","author":"NA Kefalides","year":"1986","unstructured":"Kefalides NA, Pegg MT, Ohno N et al (1986) Antibodies to basement membrane collagen and to laminin are present in sera from patients with poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. J Exp Med 163:588\u2013602. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.163.3.588","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"7533_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002169","volume":"71","author":"B Rodr\u00edguez-Iturbe","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez-Iturbe B, Batsford S (2007) Pathogenesis of poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis a century after Clemens von Pirquet. Kidney Int 71:1094\u20131104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.ki.5002169","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"7533_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/9.10.1412","volume":"9","author":"G Parra","year":"1994","unstructured":"Parra G, Romero M, Henriquez-La Roche C et al (1994) Expression of adhesion molecules in poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 9:1412\u20131417","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"7533_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s40348-023-00157-3","volume":"10","author":"V Bruno","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bruno V, M\u00fchlig AK, Oh J et al (2023) New insights into the immune functions of podocytes: the role of complement. Mol Cell Pediatr 10:3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40348-023-00157-3","journal-title":"Mol Cell Pediatr"},{"key":"7533_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(84)90303-9","volume":"33","author":"G Parra","year":"1984","unstructured":"Parra G, Platt JL, Falk RJ et al (1984) Cell populations and membrane attack complex in glomeruli of patients with post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis: identification using monoclonal antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 33:324\u2013332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0090-1229(84)90303-9","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"7533_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1093\/femspd\/ftae024","volume":"7","author":"MR Munif","year":"2024","unstructured":"Munif MR, Hart RA, Rafeek RAM et al (2024) Mechanisms that potentially contribute to the development of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Pathog Dis 7:82. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/femspd\/ftae024","journal-title":"Pathog Dis"},{"key":"7533_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.4414\/smw.2006.11059","volume":"136","author":"G Choi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Choi G, Schultz MJ, Levi M et al (2006) The relationship between inflammation and the coagulation system. Swiss Med Wkly 136:139\u2013144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4414\/smw.2006.11059","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"},{"key":"7533_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1358\/dnp.2004.17.7.863703","volume":"17","author":"AE Davis III","year":"2004","unstructured":"Davis AE III (2004) Biological effects of C1 inhibitor. Drug News Perspect 17:439\u2013446. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1358\/dnp.2004.17.7.863703","journal-title":"Drug News Perspect"},{"key":"7533_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1159\/000181466","volume":"22","author":"M Adhikari","year":"1978","unstructured":"Adhikari M, Coovadia HM, Greig HB et al (1978) Factor VIII procoagulant activity in children with nephrotic syndrome and post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Nephron 22:301\u2013305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000181466","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"7533_CR39","first-page":"56","volume":"8","author":"G Camussi","year":"1978","unstructured":"Camussi G, Bosio D, Segoloni G et al (1978) Evidence for the involvement of the IgE-basophil-mastocyte system in human acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Ric Clin Lab 8:56\u201364","journal-title":"Ric Clin Lab"},{"key":"7533_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1159\/000179716","volume":"6","author":"Q Maggiore","year":"1969","unstructured":"Maggiore Q, Jovanovic B, Baldini G (1969) Plasma fibrinolytic hyperactivity in children with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Nephron 6:81\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000179716","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"7533_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2004040341","volume":"16","author":"T Oda","year":"2005","unstructured":"Oda T, Yamakami K, Omasu F et al (2005) Glomerular plasmin-like activity in relation to nephritisassociated plasmin receptor in acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. J Am Soc Nephrol 16:247\u2013254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1681\/ASN.2004040341","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"7533_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)06195-9","volume":"353","author":"WG Couser","year":"1999","unstructured":"Couser WG (1999) Glomerulonephritis. Lancet 353:1509\u20131515","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"7533_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2016.06.005","volume":"1","author":"AS Bomback","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bomback AS, Markowitz GS, Appel GB (2016) Complement mediated glomerular diseases: a tale of 3 pathways. Kidney Int Rep 1:148\u2013155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ekir.2016.06.005","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep"},{"key":"7533_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2013.00093","volume":"4","author":"L Kouser","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kouser L, Abdul-Aziz M, Nayak A et al (2013) Properdin and factor H: opposing players on the alternative complement pathway \u201csee-saw.\u201d Front Immunol 4:93","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"7533_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1923","volume":"11","author":"D Ricklin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ricklin D, Hajishengallis G, Yang K et al (2010) Complement: a key system for immune surveillance and homeostasis. Nat Immunol 11:785\u2013797. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ni.1923","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"7533_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(12)80480-X","volume":"17","author":"DG Matsell","year":"1991","unstructured":"Matsell DG, Roy S 3rd, Tamerius JD et al (1991) Plasma terminal complement complexes in acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Am J Kidney Dis 17:311\u2013316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0272-6386(12)80480-X","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"7533_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043072","volume":"24","author":"P Korsten","year":"2023","unstructured":"Korsten P, Baier E, Hakroush S et al (2023) C-reactive protein levels are associated with complement C4 deposits and interstitial arteritis in ANCA-associated renal vasculitis. Int J Mol Sci 24:3072. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms24043072","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"7533_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3044","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2016070735","volume":"28","author":"QY Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li QY, Li HY, Fu G et al (2017) Autoantibodies against C-reactive protein influence complement activation and clinical course in lupus nephritis. J Am Soc Nephrol 28:3044\u20133054. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1681\/ASN.2016070735","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"7533_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10030527","volume":"10","author":"H Iuchi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Iuchi H, Ohori J, Matsuzaki H et al (2022) Impact of phosphorylcholine expression on the adherence and invasion of Streptococcus pyogenes to epithelial cells. Microorganisms (Basel) 10:527. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms10030527","journal-title":"Microorganisms (Basel)"},{"key":"7533_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/s0162-3109(99)00007-7","volume":"42","author":"C Mold","year":"1999","unstructured":"Mold C, Gewurz H, Du Clos TW (1999) Regulation of complement activation by C-reactive protein. Immunopharmacology 42:23\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0162-3109(99)00007-7","journal-title":"Immunopharmacology"},{"key":"7533_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/s0161-5890(03)00108-1","volume":"40","author":"H Jarva","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jarva H, Jokiranta TS, W\u00fcrzner R et al (2003) Complement resistance mechanisms of streptococci. Mol Immunol 40:95\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0161-5890(03)00108-1","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"key":"7533_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2014.00128","volume":"4","author":"GL Torsten","year":"2014","unstructured":"Torsten GL, Deicke C, Medina E (2014) The role of coagulation\/fibrinolysis during Streptococcus pyogenes infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 4:128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2014.00128","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"7533_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1976.115","volume":"10","author":"NK Alkjaersig","year":"1976","unstructured":"Alkjaersig NK, Fletcher AP, Martin L et al (1976) Pathophysiological response of the blood coagulation system in acute glomerulonephritis. Kidney Int 10:319\u2013328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ki.1976.115","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"7533_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2012.03.014","volume":"129","author":"R Li","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li R, Ren M, Luo M et al (2012) Monomeric C-reactive protein alters fibrin clot properties on endothelial cells. Thromb Res 129:e251\u2013e256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.thromres.2012.03.014","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"7533_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2011.07.026","volume":"108","author":"BR Weil","year":"2011","unstructured":"Weil BR, Greiner JJ, DeSouza CA et al (2011) Relation of C-reactive protein to endothelial fibrinolytic function in healthy adults. Am J Cardiol 108:1675\u20131679. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjcard.2011.07.026","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"7533_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.10433","volume":"74","author":"M Ya\u011fci","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ya\u011fci M, Sucak GT, Haznedar R (2003) Fibrinolytic activity in multiple myeloma. Am J Hematol 74:231\u2013237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajh.10433","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"7533_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-9560-2-7","volume":"2","author":"KZ Boudjeltia","year":"2004","unstructured":"Boudjeltia KZ, Piagnerelli M, Broh\u00e9e D et al (2004) Relationship between CRP and hypofibrinolysis: is this a possible mechanism to explain the association between CRP and outcome in critically ill patients? Thromb J 2:7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1477-9560-2-7","journal-title":"Thromb J"},{"key":"7533_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2020.04.096","volume":"35","author":"Y Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang Y, Li Y, Qiao L et al (2020) Comparison of a comprehensive set of fibrinolytic markers with C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate for the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection. J Arthroplasty 35:2613\u20132618. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2020.04.096","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"7533_CR59","first-page":"148","volume":"45","author":"V Tasic","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tasic V, Polenakovic M (2003) Thrombocytopenia during the course of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Turk J Pediatr 45:148\u2013151","journal-title":"Turk J Pediatr"},{"key":"7533_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.32598\/JID.26.4.1","volume":"26","author":"\u0130 K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7","year":"2023","unstructured":"K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 \u0130, Taylan ETO, Kurultak I et al (2023) The inflammatory markers C-reactive protein and mean platelet volume in chronic kidney disease. J Inflamm Dis 26:165\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32598\/JID.26.4.1","journal-title":"J Inflamm Dis"},{"key":"7533_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1754.2000.00521.x","volume":"36","author":"T Muguruma","year":"2000","unstructured":"Muguruma T, Koyama T, Kanadani T et al (2000) Acute thrombocytopenia associated with post-streptococcal acute glomerulonephritis. J Paediatr Child Health 36:401\u2013402. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1440-1754.2000.00521.x","journal-title":"J Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"7533_CR62","first-page":"356","volume":"7","author":"RS Lima","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lima RS, Dantas M, Silva GE (2013) Podocyte injury in segmental garland-pattern poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Iran J Kidney Dis 7:356","journal-title":"Iran J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"7533_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3218","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1003451","volume":"187","author":"C Meyer-Schwesinger","year":"2011","unstructured":"Meyer-Schwesinger C, Dehde S, Klug P et al (2011) Nephrotic syndrome and subepithelial deposits in a mouse model of immune mediated anti-podocyte glomerulonephritis. J Immunol 187:3218\u20133229. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1003451","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"7533_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1111\/imcb.12570","volume":"100","author":"M Typiak","year":"2022","unstructured":"Typiak M, Audzeyenka I, Dubaniewicz A (2022) Presence and possible impact of Fc\u03b3 receptors on resident kidney cells in health and disease. Immunol Cell Biol 100:591\u2013604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/imcb.12570","journal-title":"Immunol Cell Biol"},{"key":"7533_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00811","volume":"10","author":"S Ben Mkaddem","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ben Mkaddem S, Benhamou M, Monteiro RC (2019) Understanding fc receptor involvement in inflammatory diseases: from mechanisms to new therapeutic tools. Front Immunol 10:811. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00811","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"7533_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0463.2011.02826.x","volume":"120","author":"L Burova","year":"2012","unstructured":"Burova L, Pigarevsky P, Seliverstova V et al (2012) Experimental poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis elicited by IgG Fc-binding M family proteins and blocked by IgG Fc fragment. APMIS 120:221\u2013230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0463.2011.02826.x","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"7533_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aax9586","volume":"5","author":"LJ Blumberg","year":"2019","unstructured":"Blumberg LJ, Humphries JE, Jones SD et al (2019) Blocking FcRn in humans reduces circulating IgG levels and inhibits IgG immune complex\u2013mediated immune responses. Sci Adv 5:eaax9586. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aax9586","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"7533_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.190.4.585","volume":"190","author":"D Bharadwaj","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bharadwaj D, Stein M-P, Volzer M et al (1999) The major receptor for C-reactive protein on leukocytes is Fc\u03b3 receptor II. J Exp Med 190:585\u2013590. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.190.4.585","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"7533_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2007.060734","volume":"170","author":"C R\u00f6cker","year":"2007","unstructured":"R\u00f6cker C, Manolov DE, Kuzmenkina EV et al (2007) Affinity of C-reactive protein toward FcgammaRI is strongly enhanced by the gamma-chain. Am J Pathol 170:755\u2013763. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2353\/ajpath.2007.060734","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"7533_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2094","DOI":"10.1161\/01.atv.20.9.2094","volume":"20","author":"M Torzewski","year":"2000","unstructured":"Torzewski M, Rist C, Mortensen RF et al (2000) C-reactive protein in the arterial intima: role of C-reactive protein receptor dependent monocyte recruitment in atherogenesis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 20:2094\u20132099. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.atv.20.9.2094","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"7533_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.102.18.2165","volume":"102","author":"V Pasceri","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pasceri V, Willerson JT, Yeh ET (2000) Direct proinflammatory effect of C-reactive protein on human endothelial cells. Circulation 102:2165\u20132168. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.cir.102.18.2165","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"7533_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1159\/000186209","volume":"57","author":"S Mezzano","year":"1991","unstructured":"Mezzano S, Lopez MI, Olavarria F et al (1991) Age influence on mononuclear phagocyte system Fc-receptor function in poststreptococcal nephritis. Nephron 57:16\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000186209","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"7533_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202200198R","volume":"36","author":"L Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang L, Li W, Gong M et al (2022) C-reactive protein inhibits C3a\/C3aR-dependent podocyte autophagy in favor of diabetic kidney disease. FASEB J 36:e22332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fj.202200198R","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"7533_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198106183042502","volume":"304","author":"B Rodriguez-Iturbe","year":"1981","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Iturbe B, Katiyar VN, Coello J (1981) Neuraminidase activity and free sialic acid levels in the serum of patients with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. N Engl J Med 304:1506\u20131510. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM198106183042502","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"7533_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/151.2.259","volume":"151","author":"J Mosquera","year":"1985","unstructured":"Mosquera J, Katiyar VN, Coello J et al (1985) Neuraminidase production by streptococci from patients with glomerulonephritis. J Infect Dis 151:259\u2013263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/151.2.259","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"7533_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1159\/000163661","volume":"59","author":"V Kolb-Bachofen","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kolb-Bachofen V (1991) A membrane-bound form of the acute-phase protein C-reactive protein is the galactose-specific particle receptor on rat liver macrophages. Pathobiology 59:272\u2013275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000163661","journal-title":"Pathobiology"},{"key":"7533_CR77","first-page":"397","volume":"46","author":"RC Williams","year":"1981","unstructured":"Williams RC, Van de Rijn I, Reid H et al (1981) Lymphocyte cell subpopulations during acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis: cell surface antigens and binding of streptococcal membrane antigens and C-reactive protein. Clin Exp Immunol 46:397\u2013405","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"7533_CR78","first-page":"227","volume":"26","author":"JA Mosquera","year":"1986","unstructured":"Mosquera JA, Rodr\u00edguez-Iturbe B (1986) Glomerular binding sites for peanut agglutinin in acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Clin Nephrol 26:227\u2013234","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"7533_CR79","first-page":"217","volume":"47","author":"C Mar\u00edn","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mar\u00edn C, Mosquera J, Rodr\u00edguez-Iturbe B (1997) Histological evidence of neuraminidase involvement in acute nephritis: desialized leukocytes infiltrate the kidney in acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Clin Nephrol 47:217\u2013221","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"7533_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-023-06162-y","volume":"39","author":"JA Mosquera-Sulbaran","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mosquera-Sulbaran JA, Pedrea\u00f1ez A, Vargas R et al (2024) Apoptosis in post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis and mechanisms for failed of inflammation resolution. Pediatr Nephrol 39:1709\u20131724. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-023-06162-y","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"7533_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00731355","volume":"12","author":"V Kolb-Bachofen","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kolb-Bachofen V, Puchta-Teudt N, Egenhofer C (1995) Expression of membrane-associated C-reactive protein by human monocytes: indications for a selectin-like activity participating in adhesion. Glycoconj J 12:122\u2013127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00731355","journal-title":"Glycoconj J"},{"key":"7533_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.13454","volume":"4","author":"Y Tang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tang Y, Mak SK, Xu AP et al (2018) Role of C-reactive protein in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury. Nephrology (Carlton) 4:50\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nep.13454","journal-title":"Nephrology (Carlton)"},{"key":"7533_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00373-25","volume":"16","author":"SF Feldstein","year":"2025","unstructured":"Feldstein SF, Rahbari KM, Leonardo TR et al (2025) The Streptococcus pyogenes Rgg2\/Rgg3 quorum sensing system causes global suppression of macrophage inflammatory programs via an intranuclear mechanism. MBio 16:e00373-25. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/mbio.00373-25","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"7533_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-015-0056-4","volume":"5","author":"H Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang H, Sun SC (2015) NF-\u03baB in inflammation and renal diseases. Cell Biosci 5:63. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13578-015-0056-4","journal-title":"Cell Biosci"},{"key":"7533_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-023-02446-7","volume":"28","author":"JA Mosquera-Sulbaran","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mosquera-Sulbaran JA, Pedrea\u00f1ez A, Carrero Y et al (2024) Angiotensin II and post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Clin Exp Nephrol 28:359\u2013374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10157-023-02446-7","journal-title":"Clin Exp Nephrol"},{"key":"7533_CR86","first-page":"280","volume":"18","author":"UN Bhuyan","year":"1982","unstructured":"Bhuyan UN, Dash SC, Srivastava RN et al (1982) Immunopathology, extent and course of glomerulonephritis with crescent formation. Clin Nephrol 18:280\u2013285","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"7533_CR87","first-page":"49","volume":"13","author":"GR Gallo","year":"1980","unstructured":"Gallo GR, Feiner HD, Steele JM et al (1980) Role of intrarenal vascular sclerosis in progression of poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Clin Nephrol 13:49\u201357","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"7533_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1002\/emmm.201000080","volume":"2","author":"A Benigni","year":"2010","unstructured":"Benigni A, Cassis P, Remuzzi G (2010) Angiotensin II revisited new roles in inflammation, immunology and aging. EMBO Mol Med 2:247\u2013257. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/emmm.201000080","journal-title":"EMBO Mol Med"},{"key":"7533_CR89","first-page":"58","volume":"29","author":"G Parra","year":"1988","unstructured":"Parra G, Rodr\u00edguez-Iturbe B, Colina-Chourio J et al (1988) Shortterm treatment with captopril in hypertension due to acute glomerulonephritis. Clin Nephrol 29:58\u201362","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"7533_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1992.tb12191.x","volume":"81","author":"MR Morsi","year":"1992","unstructured":"Morsi MR, Madina EH, Anglo AA et al (1992) Evaluation of captopril versus reserpine and frusemide in treating hypertensive children with acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Acta Paediatr 81:145\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1992.tb12191.x","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"7533_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1161\/hy1201.100589","volume":"38","author":"M Ruiz-Ortega","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ruiz-Ortega M, Lorenzo O, Ruperez M et al (2001) Role of renin-angiotensin system in vascular diseases. Hypertension 38:1382\u20131387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/hy1201.100589","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"7533_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"VanDeVoorde RG (2015) Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis: the most common acute glomerulonephritis. Pediatr Rev 36:3\u201312. quiz 13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/pir.36-1-3","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.36-1-3"},{"key":"7533_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F863","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00385.2002","volume":"284","author":"R Agarwal","year":"2003","unstructured":"Agarwal R (2003) Proinflammatory effects of oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease: role of additional angiotensin II blockade. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 284:F863-869. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajprenal.00385.2002","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"7533_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.59.3.3","volume":"59","author":"H Kobori","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kobori H, Nangaku M, Navar LG et al (2007) The intrarenal renin-angiotensin system: from physiology to the pathobiology of hypertension and kidney disease. Pharmacol Rev 59:251\u2013287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/pr.59.3.3","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"7533_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-008-1044-2","volume":"24","author":"H Togawa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Togawa H, Nakanishi K, Shima Y et al (2009) Increased chymase-positive mast cells in children with crescentic glomerulonephritis. Pediatr Nephrol 24:1071\u20131075. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-008-1044-2","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"7533_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2006.09.007","volume":"193","author":"N Peng","year":"2007","unstructured":"Peng N, Liu JT, Gao DF et al (2007) Angiotensin II-induced C-reactive protein generation: inflammatory role of vascular smooth muscle cells in atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 193:292\u2013298. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2006.09.007","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"7533_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000061916.95736.E5","volume":"107","author":"CH Wang","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wang CH, Li SH, Weisel RD et al (2003) C-reactive protein upregulates angiotensin type 1 receptors in vascular smooth muscle. Circulation 107:1783\u20131790. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.CIR.0000061916.95736.E5","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"7533_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1159\/000354461","volume":"32","author":"J Zhao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhao J, Liu J, Pang X et al (2013) Angiotensin II induces C-reactive protein expression via AT1-ROS-MAPK-NF-kappaB signal pathway in hepatocytes. Cell Physiol Biochem 32:569\u2013580. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000354461","journal-title":"Cell Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"7533_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.140608","volume":"55","author":"R Zhang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhang R, Zhang YY, Huang XR et al (2010) C-reactive protein promotes cardiac fibrosis and inflammation in angiotensin II-induced hypertensive cardiac disease. Hypertension 55:953\u2013960. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.140608","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"7533_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.2147\/vhrm.s4800","volume":"5","author":"A Del Fiorentino","year":"2009","unstructured":"Del Fiorentino A, Cianchetti S, Celi A et al (2009) The effect of angiotensin receptor blockers on C-reactive protein and other circulating inflammatory indices in man. Vasc Health Risk Manag 5:233\u2013242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/vhrm.s4800","journal-title":"Vasc Health Risk Manag"},{"key":"7533_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/12.2.273","volume":"12","author":"H Soto","year":"1997","unstructured":"Soto H, Mosquera J, Rodr\u00edguez-Iturbe B et al (1997) Apoptosis in proliferative glomerulonephritis: decreased apoptosis expression in lupus nephritis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 12:273\u2013280. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ndt\/12.2.273","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"7533_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfl712","volume":"22","author":"T Oda","year":"2007","unstructured":"Oda T, Yoshizawa N, Yamakami K et al (2007) Significance of glomerular cell apoptosis in the resolution of acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 22:740\u2013748. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ndt\/gfl712","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"7533_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00553","volume":"11","author":"I Kourtzelis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kourtzelis I, Hajishengallis G, Chavakis T (2020) Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in resolution of inflammation. Front Immunol 11:553. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00553","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"7533_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1002\/emmm.201202382","volume":"5","author":"A Ortega-Gomez","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ortega-Gomez A, Perretti M, Soehnlein O (2013) Resolution of inflammation: an integrated view. EMBO Mol Med 5:661\u2013674. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/emmm.201202382","journal-title":"EMBO Mol Med"},{"key":"7533_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000081637.36475.BC","volume":"23","author":"S Kobayashi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kobayashi S, Inoue N, Ohashi Y et al (2003) Interaction of oxidative stress and inflammatory response in coronary plaque instability: important role of C-reactive protein. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 23:1398\u20131404. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.ATV.0000081637.36475.BC","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"7533_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2014.01.008","volume":"588","author":"Y Kim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim Y, Ryu J, Ryu MS et al (2014) C-reactive protein induces G2\/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in monocytes through the upregulation of B-cell translocation gene 2 expression. FEBS Lett 588:625\u2013631. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.febslet.2014.01.008","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"7533_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000136999.77584.A2","volume":"110","author":"F Blaschke","year":"2004","unstructured":"Blaschke F, Bruemmer D, Yin F et al (2004) C-reactive protein induces apoptosis in human coronary vascular smooth muscle cells. Circulation 110:579\u2013587. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.CIR.0000136999.77584.A2","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"7533_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-008-9991-2","volume":"324","author":"S Markan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Markan S, Kohli HS, Joshi K et al (2009) Up regulation of the GRP-78 and GADD-153 and down regulation of Bcl-2 proteins in primary glomerular diseases: a possible involvement of the ER stress pathway in glomerulonephritis. Mol Cell Biochem 324:131\u2013138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11010-008-9991-2","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"key":"7533_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4525","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.158.10.4525","volume":"158","author":"LC Korb","year":"1997","unstructured":"Korb LC, Ahearn JM (1997) C1q binds directly and specifically to surface blebs of apoptotic human keratinocytes. J Immunol 158:4525\u20134528","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"7533_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02607","volume":"9","author":"J Lu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lu J, Mold C, Du Clos TW et al (2018) Pentraxins and Fc receptor-mediated immune responses. Front Immunol 9:2607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02607","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"7533_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2023.102998","volume":"135","author":"C Svanberg","year":"2023","unstructured":"Svanberg C, Enocsson H, Govender M et al (2023) Conformational state of C-reactive protein is critical for reducing immune complex-triggered type I interferon response: implications for pathogenic mechanisms in autoimmune diseases imprinted by type I interferon gene dysregulation. J Autoimmun 135:102998. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaut.2023.102998","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"7533_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1002\/art.37968","volume":"65","author":"C Mold","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mold C, Clos TW (2013) C-reactive protein inhibits plasmacytoid dendritic cell interferon responses to autoantibody immune complexes. Arthritis Rheum 65:1891\u20131901. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.37968","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"7533_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5837","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10245837","volume":"10","author":"H Enocsson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Enocsson H, Karlsson J, Li HY et al (2021) The complex role of C-Reactive protein in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Med 10:5837. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10245837","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"7533_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.3109\/08916934.2013.764992","volume":"46","author":"C Sj\u00f6wall","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sj\u00f6wall C, Olin AI, Skogh T et al (2013) C-reactive protein, immunoglobulin G and complement co-localize in renal immune deposits of proliferative lupus nephritis. Autoimmunity 46:205\u2013214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/08916934.2013.764992","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"7533_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1159\/000530928","volume":"9","author":"M Yuan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yuan M, Tan Y, Zhao MH (2023) The role of anti-mCRP autoantibodies in lupus nephritis. Kidney Dis (Basel) 9:317\u2013325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000530928","journal-title":"Kidney Dis (Basel)"},{"key":"7533_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.137.7.2173","volume":"137","author":"RC Gupta","year":"1986","unstructured":"Gupta RC, Badhwar AK, Bisno AL et al (1986) Detection of C-reactive protein, streptolysin O, and anti-streptolysin O antibodies in immune complexes isolated from the sera of patients with acute rheumatic fever. J Immunol 137:2173\u20132179","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"7533_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2025.156274","volume":"276","author":"A Pedrea\u00f1ez","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pedrea\u00f1ez A, Carrero Y, Vargas R et al (2025) Role of C-reactive protein in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia\/cancer. Pathol Res Pract 276:156274","journal-title":"Pathol Res Pract"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00467-026-07533-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00467-026-07533-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00467-026-07533-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T08:02:27Z","timestamp":1788681747000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00467-026-07533-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]]},"references-count":117,"alternative-id":["7533"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00467-026-07533-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0931-041X","1432-198X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0931-041X","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-198X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 June 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 July 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 August 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 September 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}