{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T20:32:11Z","timestamp":1791318731682,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,1]],"date-time":"2012-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1333238400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Schmerz"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00482-011-1140-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,13]],"date-time":"2012-04-13T06:26:48Z","timestamp":1334298408000},"page":"176-184","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Wirkung von Botulinumtoxin Typ\u00a0B auf Stumpfschwitzen und Stumpfschmerzen","Effect of botulinum toxin type\u00a0B on residual limb sweating and pain"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"K.-U.","family":"Kern","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Kohl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"U.","family":"Seifert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Schlereth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"1140_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200508000-00003","volume":"103","author":"Abram","year":"2005","unstructured":"Abram SE (2005) Does botulinum toxin have a role in the management of myofascial pain? Anesthesiology 103:223\u2013224","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"1140_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.6160.415-a","volume":"J","author":"Ahmad","year":"1979","unstructured":"Ahmad S (1979) Phantom limb pain and propranolol. Br Med\u00a0J 1:415","journal-title":"Br Med"},{"key":"1140_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2010.07.015","volume":"56","author":"Akaike","year":"2010","unstructured":"Akaike N, Ito Y, Shin MC et\u00a0al (2010) Effects of A2 type botulinum toxin on spontaneous miniature and evoked transmitter release from the rat spinal excitatory and inhibitory synapses. Toxicon 56:1315\u20131326","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"1140_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-200503000-00010","volume":"21","author":"Allam","year":"2005","unstructured":"Allam N, Brasil-Neto JP, Brown G et\u00a0al (2005) Injections of botulinum toxin type\u00a0A produce pain alleviation in intractable trigeminal neuralgia. Clin J Pain 21:182\u2013184","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"1140_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3085","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867043363802","volume":"11","author":"Aoki","year":"2004","unstructured":"Aoki KR (2004) Botulinum toxin: a successful therapeutic protein. Curr Med Chem 11:3085\u20133092","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"key":"1140_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-010-0087-5","volume":"10","author":"Ashkenazi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ashkenazi A (2010) Botulinum toxin type A for chronic migraine. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 10:140\u2013146","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"1140_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ashton AC, Dolly JO (1988) Characterization of the inhibitory action of botulinum neurotoxin type\u00a0A on the release of several transmitters from rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes. J\u00a0Neurochem 50:1808\u20131816","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1988.tb02482.x"},{"key":"1140_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2009.08.012","volume":"94","author":"Bach-Rojecky","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bach-Rojecky L, Lackovic Z (2009) Central origin of the antinociceptive action of botulinum toxin type\u00a0A. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 94:234\u2013238","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"key":"1140_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(94)00188-K","volume":"60","author":"Baron","year":"1995","unstructured":"Baron R, Maier C (1995) Phantom limb pain: are cutaneous nociceptors and spinothalamic neurons involved in the signaling and maintenance of spontaneous and touch-evoked pain? A case report. Pain 60:223\u2013228","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"1140_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Birklein F, Eisenbarth G, Erbguth F et\u00a0al (2003) Botulinum toxin type\u00a0B blocks sudomotor function effectively: a 6\u00a0month follow up. J\u00a0Invest Dermatol 121:1312\u20131316","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2003.12620.x"},{"key":"1140_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blersch W, Schulte-Mattler WJ, Przywara S et\u00a0al (2002) Botulinum toxin\u00a0A and the cutaneous nociception in humans: a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study. J\u00a0Neurol Sci 205:59\u201363","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(02)00313-1"},{"key":"1140_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2010.01711.x","volume":"36","author":"Brandt","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brandt F, O\u2019Connell C, Cazzaniga A et\u00a0al (2010) Efficacy and safety evaluation of a novel botulinum toxin topical gel for the treatment of moderate to severe lateral canthal lines. Dermatol Surg 36(Suppl 4):2111\u20132118","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"1140_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1007\/s001050051236","volume":"51","author":"Breit","year":"2000","unstructured":"Breit S, Heckmann M (2000) Botulinum toxin. A neurotoxin for dermatologic therapy. Hautarzt 51:874\u2013891","journal-title":"Hautarzt"},{"key":"1140_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(79)90011-3","volume":"7","author":"Brena","year":"1979","unstructured":"Brena SF, Sammons EE (1979) Phantom urinary bladder pain \u2013 case report. Pain 7:197\u2013201","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"1140_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Byrnes Ml, Mastaglia FI, Walters SE et\u00a0al (2005) Primary writing tremor: motor cortex reorganisation and disinhibition. J\u00a0Clin Neurosci 12:102\u2013104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2004.08.004"},{"key":"1140_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.02.024","volume":"149","author":"Carmichael","year":"2010","unstructured":"Carmichael NM, Dostrovsky JO, Charlton MP (2010) Peptide-mediated transdermal delivery of botulinum neurotoxin type\u00a0A reduces neurogenic inflammation in the skin. Pain 149:316\u2013324","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"1140_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/61.suppl_6.S11","volume":"61","author":"Charles","year":"2004","unstructured":"Charles PD (2004) Botulinum neurotoxin serotype\u00a0A: a clinical update on non-cosmetic uses. Am J Health Syst Pharm 61:11\u201323","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"key":"1140_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.11.054","volume":"89","author":"Charrow","year":"2008","unstructured":"Charrow A, DiFazio M, Foster L et\u00a0al (2008) Intradermal botulinum toxin type\u00a0A injection effectively reduces residual limb hyperhidrosis in amputees: a case series. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 89:1407\u20131409","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"1140_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cohen SP, Gambel JM, Raja SN et\u00a0al (2011) The contribution of sympathetic mechanisms to postamputation phantom and residual limb pain: a pilot study. J\u00a0Pain 12:859\u2013867","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2011.01.009"},{"key":"1140_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(94)90144-9","volume":"56","author":"Colado","year":"1994","unstructured":"Colado MI, Del RJ, Peralta E (1994) Neonatal guanethidine sympathectomy suppresses autotomy and prevents changes in spinal and supraspinal monoamine levels induced by peripheral deafferentation in rats. Pain 56:3\u20138","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"1140_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2003.10.008","volume":"107","author":"Cui","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cui M, Khanijou S, Rubino J et\u00a0al (2004) Subcutaneous administration of botulinum toxin\u00a0A reduces formalin-induced pain. Pain 107:125\u2013133","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"1140_CR22","unstructured":"Cui M, Li Z, Khanijou S et\u00a0al (2003) Subcutaneous administration of botulinumtoxin\u00a0A inhibits capsaicin-induced thermal hyperalgesia and expansion of dorsal horn neuronal receptive field area. 33rd Annual Scientific Meeting of the Society of Neuroscience, New Orleans\/LA), Program No.\u00a0812. 13.\u00a0November 2003"},{"key":"1140_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20011","volume":"19","author":"Curra","year":"2004","unstructured":"Curra A, Trompetto C, Abbruzzese G et\u00a0al (2004) Central effects of botulinum toxin type\u00a0A: evidence and supposition. Mov Disord 19(Suppl 8):60\u201364","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"1140_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Davidson J (2002) A survey of the satisfaction of upper limb amputees with their prostheses, their lifestyles, and their abilities. J\u00a0Hand Ther 15:62\u201370","DOI":"10.1053\/hanthe.2002.v15.01562"},{"key":"1140_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(81)90356-6","volume":"24","author":"Devor","year":"1981","unstructured":"Devor M, Janig W (1981) Activation of myelinated afferents ending in a neuroma by stimulation of the sympathetic supply in the rat. Neurosci Lett 24:43\u201347","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"1140_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-200108000-00003","volume":"80","author":"Dillingham","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dillingham TR, Pezzin LE, MacKenzie EJ et\u00a0al (2001) Use and satisfaction with prosthetic devices among persons with trauma-related amputations: a long-term outcome study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 80:563\u2013571","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"1140_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2010.01678.x","volume":"50","author":"Dodick","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dodick DW, Turkel CC, Degryse RE et\u00a0al (2010) Onabotulinumtoxin\u00a0A for treatment of chronic migraine: pooled results from the double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phases of the PREEMPT clinical program. Headache 50:921\u2013936","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"1140_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1080\/08990229771178","volume":"14","author":"Doetsch","year":"1997","unstructured":"Doetsch GS (1997) Progressive changes in cutaneous trigger zones for sensation referred to a phantom hand: a case report and review with implications for cortical reorganization. Somatosens Mot Res 14:6\u201316","journal-title":"Somatosens Mot Res"},{"key":"1140_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-006-2090-2","volume":"77","author":"Dressler","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dressler D (2006) Pharmacological aspects of therapeutic botulinum toxin preparations. Nervenarzt 77:912\u2013921","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"key":"1140_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1159\/000067023","volume":"49","author":"Dressler","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dressler D, Benecke R (2003) Autonomic side effects of botulinum toxin type\u00a0B treatment of cervical dystonia and hyperhidrosis. Eur Neurol 49:34\u201338","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"key":"1140_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Durham Pl, Cady R (2004) Regulation of calcitonin gene-related peptide secretion from trigeminal nerve cells by botulinum toxin type\u00a0A: implications for migraine therapy. Headache 44:35\u201342 (Diskussion: 42\u201333)","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2004.04007.x"},{"key":"1140_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.4065\/80.5.657","volume":"80","author":"Eisenach","year":"2005","unstructured":"Eisenach JH, Atkinson Jl, Fealey RD (2005) Hyperhidrosis: evolving therapies for a well-established phenomenon. Mayo Clin Proc 80:657\u2013666","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"1140_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(01)00466-3","volume":"98","author":"Fagius","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fagius J, Nordin M, Wall M (2002) Sympathetic nerve activity to amputated lower leg in humans. Evidence of altered skin vasoconstrictor discharge. Pain 98:37\u201345","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"1140_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2009.06.047","volume":"617","author":"Favre-Guilmard","year":"2009","unstructured":"Favre-Guilmard C, Auguet M, Chabrier\u00a0PE (2009) Different antinociceptive effects of botulinum toxin type\u00a0A in inflammatory and peripheral polyneuropathic rat models. Eur J Pharmacol 617:48\u201353","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"1140_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1586\/14737175.8.5.809","volume":"8","author":"Flor","year":"2008","unstructured":"Flor H (2008) Maladaptive plasticity, memory for pain and phantom limb pain: review and suggestions for new therapies. Expert Rev Neurother 8:809\u2013818","journal-title":"Expert Rev Neurother"},{"key":"1140_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Flynn TC, Clark RE 2nd (2003) Botulinum toxin type\u00a0B (MYOBLOC) versus botulinum toxin type\u00a0A (BOTOX) frontalis study: rate of onset and radius of diffusion. Dermatol Surg 29:519\u2013522 (Diskussion: 522)","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-4725.2003.29124.x"},{"key":"1140_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2004.03653.x","volume":"20","author":"Franchi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Franchi G, Veronesi C (2004) Time course for the reappearance of vibrissal motor representation following botulinum toxin injection into the vibrissal pad of the adult rat. Eur J Neurosci 20:1873\u20131884","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"1140_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2007.33302.x","volume":"33","author":"Garcia-Morales","year":"2007","unstructured":"Garcia-Morales I, Perez-Bernal A, Camacho\u00a0F (2007) Letter: Stump hyperhidrosis in a leg amputee: treatment with botulinum toxin\u00a0A. Dermatol Surg 33:1401\u20131402","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"1140_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.07.029","volume":"151","author":"Gazerani","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gazerani P, Au S, Dong X et\u00a0al (2010) Botulinum neurotoxin type\u00a0A (BoNTA) decreases the mechanical sensitivity of nociceptors and inhibits neurogenic vasodilation in a craniofacial muscle targeted for migraine prophylaxis. Pain 151:606\u2013616","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"1140_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.10.005","volume":"141","author":"Gazerani","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gazerani P, Pedersen NS, Staahl C et\u00a0al (2009) Subcutaneous botulinum toxin type\u00a0A reduces capsaicin-induced trigeminal pain and vasomotor reactions in human skin. Pain 141:60\u201369","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"1140_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200007)48:1<20::AID-ANA5>3.0.CO;2-U","volume":"48","author":"Gilio","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gilio F, Curra A, Lorenzano C et\u00a0al (2000) Effects of botulinum toxin type\u00a0A on intracortical inhibition in patients with dystonia. Ann Neurol 48:20\u201326","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"1140_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01907771","volume":"76","author":"Grubeck-Loebenstein","year":"1981","unstructured":"Grubeck-Loebenstein B, Korn A, Waldhausl\u00a0W (1981) The role of adrenergic mechanisms in the blood pressure regulation of leg-amputees. Basic Res Cardiol 76:267\u2013275","journal-title":"Basic Res Cardiol"},{"key":"1140_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guyer BM (1999) Botulinum toxin type\u00a0A: new therapeutic directions. Eur J Neurol 6 121\u2013123","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.1999.tb00029.x"},{"key":"1140_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1080\/03093640108726601","volume":"25","author":"Hagberg","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hagberg K, Branemark R (2001) Consequences of non-vascular trans-femoral amputation: a survey of quality of life, prosthetic use and problems. Prosthet Orthot Int 25:186\u2013194","journal-title":"Prosthet Orthot Int"},{"key":"1140_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-003-0440-5","volume":"295","author":"Hecht","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hecht MJ, Birklein F, Winterholler M (2004) Successful treatment of axillary hyperhidrosis with very low doses of botulinum toxin\u00a0B: a pilot study. Arch Dermatol Res 295:318\u2013319","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"1140_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4637.2003.03013.x","volume":"4","author":"Jabbari","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jabbari B, Maher N, DiFazio MP (2003) Botulinum toxin\u00a0A improved burning pain and allodynia in two patients with spinal cord pathology. Pain Med 4:206\u2013210","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"1140_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02527665","volume":"21","author":"Jimenez-Capdeville","year":"1996","unstructured":"Jimenez-Capdeville ME, Reader TA, Molina-Holgado E et\u00a0al (1996) Changes in extracellular levels of dopamine metabolites in somatosensory cortex after peripheral denervation. Neurochem Res 21:1\u20136","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"1140_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2008.00554.x","volume":"10","author":"Jin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jin L, Kollewe K, Krampfl K et\u00a0al (2009) Treatment of phantom limb pain with botulinum toxin type\u00a0A. Pain Med 10:300\u2013303","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"1140_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.03.013","volume":"110","author":"Karl","year":"2004","unstructured":"Karl A, Muhlnickel W, Kurth R et\u00a0al (2004) Neuroelectric source imaging of steady-state movement-related cortical potentials in human upper extremity amputees with and without phantom limb pain. Pain 110:90\u2013102","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"1140_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.77.6.1222","volume":"77","author":"Kellogg","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kellogg Dl Jr, Pergola PE, Piest Kl et\u00a0al (1995) Cutaneous active vasodilation in humans is mediated by cholinergic nerve cotransmission. Circ Res 77:1222\u20131228","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"1140_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1007\/s00482-009-0786-5","volume":"23","author":"Kern","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kern U, Busch V, Rockland M et\u00a0al (2009) Prevalence and risk factors of phantom limb pain and phantom limb sensations in Germany. A nationwide field survey. Schmerz 23:479\u2013488","journal-title":"Schmerz"},{"key":"1140_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e31820636fd","volume":"90","author":"Kern","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kern U, Kohl M, Seifert U et\u00a0al (2011) Botulinum toxin type\u00a0B in the treatment of residual limb hyperhidrosis for lower limb amputees: a pilot study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 90:321\u2013329","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"1140_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kern U, Martin C, Scheicher S et\u00a0al (2004) Does botulinum toxin\u00a0A make prosthesis use easier for amputees? J\u00a0Rehabil Med 36:238\u2013239","DOI":"10.1080\/16501970410029771"},{"key":"1140_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PHM.0000124444.32257.04","volume":"83","author":"Kern","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kern U, Martin C, Scheicher S et\u00a0al (2004) Effects of botulinum toxin type\u00a0B on stump pain and involuntary movements of the stump. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 83:396\u2013399","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"1140_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-003-1657-4","volume":"75","author":"Kern","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kern U, Martin C, Scheicher S et\u00a0al (2004) Long-term treatment of phantom- and stump pain with Botulinum toxin type\u00a0A over 12\u00a0months. A first clinical observation. Nervenarzt 75:336\u2013340","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"key":"1140_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1007\/s00482-005-0446-3","volume":"20","author":"Kern","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kern U, Martin C, Scheicher S et\u00a0al (2006) Referred pain from amputation stump trigger points into the phantom limb. Schmerz 20:300, 302\u2013306","journal-title":"Schmerz"},{"key":"1140_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s00482-003-0202-5","volume":"17","author":"Kern","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kern U, Martin C, Scheicher S et\u00a0al (2003) Treatment of phantom pain with botulinum-toxin\u00a0A. A pilot study. Schmerz 17:117\u2013124","journal-title":"Schmerz"},{"key":"1140_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/S1566-0702(02)00093-0","volume":"102","author":"Kim","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kim HJ, Seo K, Yum KW et\u00a0al (2002) Effects of botulinum toxin type\u00a0A on the superior cervical ganglia in rabbits. Auton Neurosci 102:8\u201312","journal-title":"Auton Neurosci"},{"key":"1140_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.3109\/00207451003668408","volume":"120","author":"Lew","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lew MF, Chinnapongse R, Zhang Y et\u00a0al (2010) Rimabotulinumtoxin\u00a0B effects on pain associated with cervical dystonia: results of placebo and comparator-controlled studies. Int J Neurosci 120:298\u2013300","journal-title":"Int J Neurosci"},{"key":"1140_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ajp.0000202980.51786.ae","volume":"22","author":"Lin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lin EE, Horasek S, Agarwal S et\u00a0al (2006) Local administration of norepinephrine in the stump evokes dose-dependent pain in amputees. Clin J Pain 22:482\u2013486","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"1140_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1038\/9145","volume":"2","author":"Lotze","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lotze M, Grodd W, Birbaumer N et al (1999) Does use of a myoelectric prosthesis prevent cortical reorganization and phantom limb pain? Nat Neurosci 2:501\u2013502","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"1140_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(91)90158-9","volume":"114","author":"McNeill","year":"1991","unstructured":"McNeill Dl, Carlton SM, Hulsebosch CE (1991) Intraspinal sprouting of calcitonin gene-related peptide containing primary afferents after deafferentation in the rat. Exp Neurol 114:321\u2013329","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"1140_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mense S (2004) Neurobiological basis for the use of botulinum toxin in pain therapy. J\u00a0Neurol 251(Suppl 1):I1\u2013I7","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-004-1102-z"},{"key":"1140_CR64","unstructured":"Minor V (1927) Ein neues Verfahren zu der klinischen Untersuchung der Schwei\u00dfabsonderung. Z\u00a0Neurol 101:302\u2013308"},{"key":"1140_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2004.12.006","volume":"5","author":"Montecucco","year":"2005","unstructured":"Montecucco C, Molgo J (2005) Botulinal neurotoxins: revival of an old killer. Curr Opin Pharmacol 5:274\u2013279","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"key":"1140_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morenilla-Palao C, Planells-Cases R, Garcia-Sanz N et\u00a0al (2004) Regulated exocytosis contributes to protein kinase\u00a0C potentiation of vanilloid receptor activity. J\u00a0Biol Chem 279:25665\u201325672","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M311515200"},{"key":"1140_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H2627","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00477.2002","volume":"283","author":"Morris","year":"2002","unstructured":"Morris Jl, Jobling P, Gibbins Il (2002) Botulinum neurotoxin\u00a0A attenuates release of norepinephrine but not NPY from vasoconstrictor neurons. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 283:H2627\u2013H2635","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"1140_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000311390.87642.d8","volume":"70","author":"Naumann","year":"2008","unstructured":"Naumann M, So Y, Argoff CE et\u00a0al (2008) Assessment: botulinum neurotoxin in the treatment of autonomic disorders and pain (an evidence-based review): report of the therapeutics and technology assessment subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 70:1707\u20131714","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1140_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21724","volume":"23","author":"Pappert","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pappert EJ, Germanson T (2008) Botulinum toxin type\u00a0B vs. type\u00a0A in toxin-naive patients with cervical dystonia: randomized, double-blind, noninferiority trial. Mov Disord 23:510\u2013517","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"1140_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03022619","volume":"53","author":"Park","year":"2006","unstructured":"Park HJ, Lee Y, Lee J et\u00a0al (2006) The effects of botulinum toxin\u00a0A on mechanical and cold allodynia in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Can J Anaesth 53:470\u2013477","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"1140_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7664","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.14.7664","volume":"S","author":"Perl","year":"1999","unstructured":"Perl ER (1999) Causalgia, pathological pain, and adrenergic receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U\u00a0S\u00a0A 96:7664\u20137667","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U"},{"key":"1140_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-200603000-00136","volume":"85","author":"Poluri","year":"2006","unstructured":"Poluri A, Stickevers S, James K (2006) Poster Board 52: Botulinum toxin type\u00a0A for hyperhidrosis of the residual limb: A case report. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 85:277","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"1140_CR73","unstructured":"R Development Core Team (2010) R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R foundation for statistical computing. Vienna. ISBN 3-900051-07-0"},{"key":"1140_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21427","volume":"64","author":"Ranoux","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ranoux D, Attal N, Morain F et\u00a0al (2008) Botulinum toxin type\u00a0A induces direct analgesic effects in chronic neuropathic pain. Ann Neurol 64:274\u2013283","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"1140_CR75","first-page":"259","volume":"23","author":"Ruiz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ruiz HC, Bermejo PE (2008) Botulinum toxin type\u00a0A in the treatment of neuropathic pain in a case of postherpetic neuralgia. Neurologia 23:259\u2013262","journal-title":"Neurologia"},{"key":"1140_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2004.11.005","volume":"117","author":"Schlereth","year":"2005","unstructured":"Schlereth T, Mouka I, Eisenbarth G et\u00a0al (2005) Botulinum toxin\u00a0A (Botox) and sweating-dose efficacy and comparison to other BoNT preparations. Auton Neurosci 117:120\u2013126","journal-title":"Auton Neurosci"},{"key":"1140_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-6-35","volume":"6","author":"Schwenkreis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Schwenkreis P, Witscher K, Pleger B et\u00a0al (2005) The NMDA antagonist memantine affects training induced motor cortex plasticity \u2013 a study using transcranial magnetic stimulation. BMC Neurosci 6:35","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci"},{"key":"1140_CR78","first-page":"1364","volume":"59","author":"Sumitani","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sumitani M, Miyauchi S, Uematsu H et\u00a0al (2010) Phantom limb pain originates from dysfunction of the primary motor cortex. Masui 59:1364\u20131369","journal-title":"Masui"},{"key":"1140_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.2001.00261.x","volume":"8","author":"Swartling","year":"2001","unstructured":"Swartling C, Farnstrand C, Abt G et\u00a0al (2001) Side-effects of intradermal injections of botulinum\u00a0A toxin in the treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis: a neurophysiological study. Eur J Neurol 8:451\u2013456","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"1140_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1996.tb01269.x","volume":"8","author":"Tarabal","year":"1996","unstructured":"Tarabal O, Caldero J, Ribera J et\u00a0al (1996) Regulation of motoneuronal calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) during axonal growth and neuromuscular synaptic plasticity induced by botulinum toxin in rats. Eur J Neurosci 8:829\u2013836","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"1140_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000086374.92906.6A","volume":"61","author":"Voller","year":"2003","unstructured":"Voller B, Sycha T, Gustorff B et\u00a0al (2003) A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study on analgesic effects of botulinum toxin\u00a0A. Neurology 61:940\u2013944","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1140_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2443","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21759","volume":"22","author":"Walsh","year":"2007","unstructured":"Walsh R, Hutchinson M (2007) Molding the sensory cortex: spatial acuity improves after botulinum toxin treatment for cervical dystonia. Mov Disord 22:2443\u20132446","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"1140_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000217797.05523.75","volume":"116","author":"Wittekindt","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wittekindt C, Liu WC, Preuss SF et\u00a0al (2006) Botulinum toxin\u00a0A for neuropathic pain after neck dissection: a dose-finding study. Laryngoscope 116:1168\u20131171","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"1140_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1080\/000155500750043140","volume":"80","author":"Wollina","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wollina U, Konrad H, Graefe T et\u00a0al (2000) Botulinum toxin\u00a0A for focal hyperhidrosis in leg amputees: a case report. Acta Derm Venereol 80:226\u2013227","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"1140_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e3182264fe9","volume":"28","author":"Wu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wu H, Sultana R, Taylor KB et\u00a0al (2012) A prospective randomized double-blinded pilot study to examine the effect of botulinum toxin type\u00a0A injection versus lidocaine\/depomedrol injection on residual and phantom limb pain: initial report. Clin J Pain 28:108\u2013112","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"1140_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1827","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2010.01003.x","volume":"11","author":"Xiao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Xiao L, Mackey S, Hui H et\u00a0al (2011) Subcutaneous injection of botulinum toxin\u00a0A is beneficial in postherpetic neuralgia. Pain Med 11:1827\u20131833","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"1140_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2010.00801.x","volume":"11","author":"Yoon","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yoon SH, Merrill Rl, Choi JH et\u00a0al (2010) Use of botulinum toxin type\u00a0A injection for neuropathic pain after trigeminal nerve injury. Pain Med 11:630\u2013632","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"1140_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000345968.05959.cf","volume":"72","author":"Yuan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yuan RY, Sheu JJ, Yu JM et\u00a0al (2009) Botulinum toxin for diabetic neuropathic pain: a randomized double-blind crossover trial. Neurology 72:1473\u20131478","journal-title":"Neurology"}],"container-title":["Der Schmerz"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00482-011-1140-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00482-011-1140-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00482-011-1140-2","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,27]],"date-time":"2019-06-27T03:45:16Z","timestamp":1561607116000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00482-011-1140-2"}},"subtitle":["Besteht die Chance der indirekten Phantomschmerzreduktion durch bessere Prothesennutzung?","Is there a chance for indirect phantom pain reduction by improved prosthesis use?"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"references-count":88,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1140"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00482-011-1140-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0932-433X","1432-2129"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0932-433X","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2129","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]}}}