{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T13:41:07Z","timestamp":1792676467191,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792627200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Biometeorol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00484-026-03351-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T13:03:09Z","timestamp":1792674189000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Familiar name, unfamiliar reality: a case study of heat illness knowledge gaps among Japanese junior high and high school students"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7423-6610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroki","family":"Matsuo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8442-8690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoyuki","family":"Yamashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"3351_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31802fa199","volume":"39","author":"LE Armstrong","year":"2007","unstructured":"Armstrong LE, Casa DJ, Millard-Stafford M, Moran DS, Pyne SW, Roberts WO (2007) American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exertional heat illness during training and competition. Med Sci Sports Exerc 39:556\u2013572. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31802fa199","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"3351_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2210769","volume":"390","author":"ML Bell","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bell ML, Gasparrini A, Benjamin GC (2024) Climate change, extreme heat, and health. N Engl J Med 390:1793\u20131801. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMra2210769","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3351_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00334-6","volume":"8","author":"A Bouchama","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bouchama A, Abuyassin B, Lehe C, Laitano O, Jay O, O\u2019Connor FG, Leon LR (2022) Classic and exertional heatstroke (Primer). Nat Rev Dis Primers 8:8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41572-021-00334-6","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"3351_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1097\/01.csmr.0000306292.64954.da","volume":"4","author":"DJ Casa","year":"2005","unstructured":"Casa DJ, Armstrong LE, Ganio MS, Yeargin SW (2005) Exertional heat stroke in competitive athletes. Curr Sports Med Rep 4:309\u2013317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.csmr.0000306292.64954.da","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"key":"3351_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-52.4.07","volume":"50","author":"DJ Casa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Casa DJ, DeMartini JK, Bergeron MF, Csillan D, Eichner ER, Lopez RM, Ferrara MS, Miller KC, O\u2019Connor F, Sawka MN, Yeargin SW (2015) National Athletic Trainers\u2019 Association position statement: exertional heat illnesses. J Athl Train 50:986\u20131000. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4085\/1062-6050-52.4.07","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"3351_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203771587","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"J Cohen","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cohen J (1988) Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences, 2nd edn. Routledge, New York. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9780203771587","edition":"2"},{"key":"3351_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2449","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1810762","volume":"380","author":"Y Epstein","year":"2019","unstructured":"Epstein Y, Yanovich R (2019) Heatstroke. N Engl J Med 380:2449\u20132459. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMra1810762","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3351_CR8","unstructured":"Eto T, Tomozoe H (2022) Gendai koto hoken taiiku [health and physical education textbook for high school]. Taishukan Shoten. (in Japanese)"},{"key":"3351_CR9","unstructured":"Ikeda N, Otsu K (2021) Chugakko hoken taiiku [health and physical education textbook for junior high school]. Dai Nippon Tosho. (in Japanese)"},{"key":"3351_CR11","unstructured":"Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (2015) Necchusho shinryo guideline 2015 [Heat illness clinical guidelines 2015]. https:\/\/www.jaam.jp\/info\/2015\/pdf\/info-20150413.pdf. Accessed 26 July 2024 (in Japanese)"},{"key":"3351_CR12","unstructured":"Japanese Society of Biometeorology (2024) Guidelines for the prevention of heat illness in daily life (ver. 4 in English). https:\/\/seikishou.jp\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/20220523-v4.pdf. 2024. Accessed 19 July 2024"},{"key":"3351_CR10","unstructured":"Japan Sports Council (2026) Disasters under the management of schools, etc. [2024 Edition]. https:\/\/www.jpnsport.go.jp\/anzen\/kankobutuichiran\/kanrika\/kankobutuichiran\/tabid\/3064\/Default.aspx. Accessed February 2026 (in Japanese)"},{"key":"3351_CR13","unstructured":"Kawahara T, Ito S, Inoue Y, Tanaka H, Nakai S, Hasegawa H, Matsumoto T, Yasumatsu M (2019) Spotsu katsudochu no necchusho gaidobook [Guideline for the prevention of heat disorder during sports activities]. NBT (in Japanese)"},{"key":"3351_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1207\/s15326985ep4102_1","volume":"41","author":"PA Kirschner","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kirschner PA, Sweller J, Clark RE (2006) Why minimal guidance during instruction does not work: an analysis of the failure of constructivist, discovery, problem-based, experiential, and inquiry-based teaching. Educ Psychol 41:75\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/s15326985ep4102_1","journal-title":"Educ Psychol"},{"key":"3351_CR15","unstructured":"Kitagawa K (2022) Kotogakko hoken taiiku: textbook [health and physical education textbook for high school]. Daiichi Gakushusha. in Japanese"},{"key":"3351_CR16","unstructured":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) (2018) Chugakko gakushu shido yoryo kaisetsu hoken taiiku-hen [MEXT standards in health and physical education for junior high schools]. Higashiyama Shobo. in Japanese"},{"key":"3351_CR17","unstructured":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) (2019) Kotogakko gakushu shido yoryo kaisetsu hoken taiiku-hen [MEXT standards in health and physical education for high schools]. Higashiyama Shobo. in Japanese"},{"key":"3351_CR18","unstructured":"Ministry of the Environment (MOE) (2022) Necchusho kankyo hoken manyuaru 2022 [Heat illness environmental health manual 2022]. https:\/\/www.wbgt.env.go.jp\/pdf\/manual\/heatillness_manual_full.pdf. Accessed 19 July 2024 (in Japanese)"},{"key":"3351_CR19","unstructured":"Mori T, Saeki T (2023) Chugaku hoken taiiku [health and physical education textbook for junior high school]. Gakken. in Japanese"},{"key":"3351_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1249\/JSR.0000000000000878","volume":"20","author":"WO Roberts","year":"2021","unstructured":"Roberts WO, Armstrong LE, Sawka MN, Yeargin SW, Heled Y, O\u2019Connor FG (2021) ACSM expert consensus statement on exertional heat illness: recognition, management, and return to activity. Curr Sports Med Rep 20:470\u2013484. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1249\/JSR.0000000000000878","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"key":"3351_CR21","first-page":"125","volume":"35","author":"M Sugahara","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sugahara M, Taimura A (1995) Investigation of heatstroke in Nagasaki university students. Bulletin of the Faculty of Liberal Arts. Nagasaki Univ (Natural Science) 35:125\u2013133 (in Japanese)","journal-title":"Nagasaki Univ (Natural Science)"},{"key":"3351_CR22","unstructured":"Toda Y (2021) Atarashii hoken taiiku [health and physical education textbook for junior high school]. Tokyo Shoseki. (in Japanese)"},{"key":"3351_CR23","unstructured":"Tomozoe H, Eto T (2021) Saishin chugakko hoken taiiku [health and physical education textbook for junior high school]. Taishukan Shoten. (in Japanese)"},{"key":"3351_CR24","unstructured":"Watanabe M, Tomozoe H (2022) Shin koto hoken taiiku [health and physical education textbook for high school]. Taishukan Shoten. in Japanese"},{"key":"3351_CR25","unstructured":"World Meteorological Organization (2025) Extreme heat impacts millions of people. https:\/\/wmo.int\/media\/news\/extreme-heat-impacts-millions-of-people. Accessed 9 September 2025"},{"key":"3351_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1962","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15091962","volume":"15","author":"T Yamamoto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yamamoto T, Fujita M, Oda Y, Todani M, Hifumi T, Kondo Y, Shimazaki J, Shiraishi S, Hayashida K, Yokobori S, Takauji S (2018) Evaluation of a novel classification of heat-related illnesses: a multicentre observational study (Heat Stroke STUDY 2012). Int J Environ Res Public Health 15:1962. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph15091962","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"3351_CR27","first-page":"31","volume":"53","author":"N Yamashita","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yamashita N, Ito R, Nakano M, Meng F, Taimura A, Matsumoto T (2016) Netchusho no jizen gakushu ga netchusho kiosha su ni oyobosu eikyo [Effects of the lecture to understand heat disorders on the number of patients with previous history of heat disorders investigated by questionnaire]. Jpn J Biometeorol 53:31\u201338 (in Japanese)","journal-title":"Jpn J Biometeorol"},{"key":"3351_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1007\/s00484-024-02667-9","volume":"68","author":"N Yamashita","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yamashita N, Kume M, Satake T, Inoue K, Yoshida T (2024) Subjective perceived risk factors of exertional heat exhaustion-related symptoms in female collegiate athletes in Japan. Int J Biometeorol 68:1303\u20131314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00484-024-02667-9","journal-title":"Int J Biometeorol"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Biometeorology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00484-026-03351-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00484-026-03351-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00484-026-03351-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T13:03:12Z","timestamp":1792674192000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00484-026-03351-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["3351"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00484-026-03351-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7128","1432-1254"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-7128","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1254","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 September 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 October 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 October 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by Kyoto Institute of Technology Ethics Committee for Scientific Research Involving Human Subjects (approval number: 2024-24) and was conducted in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. Teachers explained the purpose of the survey orally, and students were informed that completion of the questionnaire was regarded as consent to participate; therefore, written consent was not obtained.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no financial and non-financial interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used generative AI tools (e.g., ChatGPT) solely for assistance with grammar and language editing. The authors critically reviewed and edited all AI-assisted content and take full responsibility for the integrity and originality of the manuscript.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Declaration of generative AI in scientific writing","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"An earlier version of this manuscript was posted as a preprint on\n                      Research Square\n                      (DOI:\n                      \n                      ). The current version expands the original study from 223 to 1179 participants, which enhances the generalisability of our observations.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Preprint disclosure","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"282"}}