{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T08:38:22Z","timestamp":1771663102975,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"13-14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]],"date-time":"2021-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619654400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]],"date-time":"2021-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Wien Klin Wochenschr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-021-01854-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]],"date-time":"2021-04-29T07:03:20Z","timestamp":1619679800000},"page":"647-653","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The role of quantitative HBsAg in patients with HBV DNA between 2000\u201320,000\u202fIU\/ml"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"133","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6319-7889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sibel","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z Kaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bilg\u00fcl","family":"Mete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdurrahman","family":"Kaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilker Inan\u00e7","family":"Balkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ne\u015fe","family":"Saltoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00d6mer Fehmi","family":"Tabak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"1854_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.64.1.51-68.2000","volume":"64","author":"C Seeger","year":"2000","unstructured":"Seeger\u00a0C, Mason\u00a0WS. Hepatitis B virus biology. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2000;64:51\u201368.","journal-title":"Microbiol Mol Biol Rev"},{"key":"1854_CR2","first-page":"13","volume-title":"Hepatitis B\u202f: the virus and disease","author":"TJ Liang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Liang\u00a0TJ. Hepatitis B\u202f: the virus and disease. 2009. pp.\u00a013\u201321."},{"key":"1854_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-10-239","volume":"10","author":"WH Gerlich","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gerlich\u00a0WH. Medical Virology of Hepatitis B: how it began and where we are now. Virol\u00a0J. 2013;10:239.","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"1854_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-012-0668-y","volume":"48","author":"TC Tseng","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tseng\u00a0TC, Kao\u00a0JH. Clinical utility of quantitative HBsAg in natural history and nucleos(t)ide analogue treatment of chronic hepatitis B: New trick of old dog. J\u00a0Gastroenterol. 2013;48:13\u201321.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1854_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-3542(94)90022-1","volume":"23","author":"HL Janssen","year":"1994","unstructured":"Janssen\u00a0HL, Kerhof-Los\u00a0CJ, Heijtink\u00a0RA, Schalm\u00a0SW. Measurement of HBsAg to monitor hepatitis B viral replication in patients on alpha-interferon therapy. Antiviral Res. 1994;23:251\u20137.","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"1854_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.04.052","volume":"139","author":"MR Brunetto","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brunetto\u00a0MR, Oliveri\u00a0F, Colombatto\u00a0P, Moriconi\u00a0F, Ciccorossi\u00a0P, Coco\u00a0B, et\u00a0al. Hepatitis B surface antigen serum levels help to distinguish active from inactive hepatitis B virus genotype D carriers. Gastroenterology. 2010;139:483\u201390.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"1854_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.03.021","volume":"67","author":"P Lampertico","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lampertico\u00a0P, Agarwal\u00a0K, Berg\u00a0T, Buti\u00a0M, Janssen\u00a0HLA, Papatheodoridis\u00a0G, et\u00a0al. EASL 2017 Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of hepatitis B virus infection. J\u00a0Hepatol. 2017;67:370\u201398.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"1854_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.08.031","volume":"62","author":"F Zoulim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zoulim\u00a0F, Carosi\u00a0G, Greenbloom\u00a0S, Mazur\u00a0W, Nguyen\u00a0T, Jeffers\u00a0L, et al. Quantification of HBsAg in nucleos ( t ) ide-na\u00efve patients treated for chronic hepatitis B with entecavir with or without tenofovir in the BE-LOW study. J\u00a0Hepatol. 2015;62:56\u201363.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"1854_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.01.022","volume":"56","author":"M Fasano","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fasano\u00a0M, Lampertico\u00a0P, Marzano\u00a0A, Di Marco\u00a0V, Niro\u00a0GA, Brancaccio\u00a0G, et\u00a0al. HBV DNA suppression and HBsAg clearance in HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B patients on lamivudine therapy for over 5\u00a0years. J\u00a0Hepatol. 2012;56:1254\u20138.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"1854_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.07.017","volume":"59","author":"MR Brunetto","year":"2013","unstructured":"Brunetto\u00a0MR, Marcellin\u00a0P, Cherubini\u00a0B, Yurdaydin\u00a0C, Farci\u00a0P, Hadziyannis\u00a0SJ, et al. Response to peginterferon alfa-2a ( 40KD ) in HBeAg-negative CHB\u202f: On-treatment kinetics of HBsAg serum levels vary by HBV genotype. J\u00a0Hepatol. 2013;59:1153\u20139.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"1854_CR11","first-page":"1173","volume":"20","author":"W Seto","year":"2014","unstructured":"Seto\u00a0W, Wong\u00a0DK, Fung\u00a0J, Huang\u00a0F, Liu\u00a0KS, Lai\u00a0C, et al. Linearized hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B core-related antigen in the natural history of chronic hepatitis B. Eur Soc Clin Infect Dis. 2014;20:1173\u201380.","journal-title":"Eur Soc Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"1854_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22760","volume":"49","author":"MR Brunetto","year":"2009","unstructured":"Brunetto\u00a0MR, Moriconi\u00a0F, Bonino\u00a0F. Hepatitis B virus surface antigen levels: A guide to sustained response to peginterferon alfa-2a in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology. 2009;49:1141\u201350.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"1854_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e238","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12345","volume":"34","author":"SB Larsson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Larsson\u00a0SB, Eilard\u00a0A, Malmstr\u00f6m\u00a0S, Hannoun\u00a0C, Dhillon\u00a0AP, Norkrans\u00a0G, et\u00a0al. HBsAg quantification for identification of liver disease in chronic hepatitis B virus carriers. Liver Int. 2013;34:e238\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/liv.12345.","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"1854_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.24601","volume":"89","author":"N Wisedopas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wisedopas\u00a0N, Poovorawan\u00a0Y, Tangkijvanich\u00a0P. Kinetics of serum HBsAg and Intrahepatic cccDNA during Pegylated interferon terapy in patients with HbeAg-positive and HbeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B. J\u00a0Med Virol. 2017;89:130\u20138.","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"1854_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S56","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.016","volume":"127","author":"C Br\u00e9chot","year":"2004","unstructured":"Br\u00e9chot\u00a0C. Pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: old and new paradigms. Gastroenterology. 2004;127:S56\u2013S61.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"1854_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2017.04.009","volume":"31","author":"C H\u00f6ner zu Siederdissen","year":"2014","unstructured":"H\u00f6ner zu Siederdissen\u00a0C, Maasoumy\u00a0B, Cornberg\u00a0M. What is new on HBsAg and other diagnostic markers in HBV infection? Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2014;31:281\u20139.","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1854_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.02.010","volume":"57","author":"E Association","year":"2012","unstructured":"Association\u00a0E. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines\u202f: management of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. J\u00a0Hepatol. 2012;57:167\u201385.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"1854_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28156","volume":"63","author":"NA Terrault","year":"2016","unstructured":"Terrault\u00a0NA, Bzowej\u00a0NH, Chang\u00a0K\u2011M, Hwang\u00a0JP, Jonas\u00a0MM, Murad\u00a0MH. AASLD guidelines for treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology. 2016;63:261\u201383.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"1854_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-015-9675-4","volume":"10","author":"SK Sarin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sarin\u00a0SK, Kumar\u00a0M, Lau\u00a0GK, Abbas\u00a0Z, Chan\u00a0HLY, Chen\u00a0CJ, et al. Asian-Pacific clinical practice guidelines on the management of hepatitis B: a\u00a02015 update. Hepatol Int. 2016;10:1\u201398.","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"},{"key":"1854_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.11.016","volume":"130","author":"U Iloeje","year":"2006","unstructured":"Iloeje\u00a0U, Yang\u00a0H, Su\u00a0J, Jen\u00a0C, You\u00a0S, Chen\u00a0C. Predicting cirrhosis risk based on the level of circulating hepatitis B viral load. Gastroenterology. 2006;130:678\u201386.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"1854_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(95)80226-6","volume":"22","author":"K Ishak","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ishak\u00a0K, Baptista\u00a0A, Bianchi\u00a0L, Callea\u00a0F, De Groote\u00a0J, Gudat\u00a0F, et al. Histological grading and staging of chronic hepatitis. J\u00a0Hepatol. 1995;22:696\u20139.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"1854_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e36349","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036349","volume":"7","author":"SB Larsson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Larsson\u00a0SB, Hannoun\u00a0C, Lindh\u00a0M, Malmstro\u00a0S. Hepatitis B viral DNA decline at loss of HbeAg is mainly explained by reduced cccDNA load\u2014down-regulated transcription of PgRNA has limited impact. Plos One. 2012;7:e36349.","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"1854_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-10-277","volume":"10","author":"M Weng","year":"2013","unstructured":"Weng\u00a0M, Zeng\u00a0W, Wu\u00a0X, Zhang\u00a0Y, Jiang\u00a0M, Wang\u00a0Z, et al. Quantification of serum hepatitis B surface antigen in predicting the response of pegylated interferon alfa-2a in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B with prior lamivudine exposure. Virol\u00a0J. 2013;10:1.","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"1854_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-301096","volume":"61","author":"HLA Janssen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Janssen\u00a0HLA, Sonneveld\u00a0MJ, Brunetto\u00a0MR. Quantification of serum hepatitis B surface antigen\u202f: is it useful for the management of chronic hepatitis B\u202f? Gut. 2012;61:641\u20135.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"1854_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.06.006","volume":"55","author":"HL Chan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chan\u00a0HL, Thompson\u00a0A, Martinot-peignoux\u00a0M, Piratvisuth\u00a0T, Cornberg\u00a0M, Brunetto\u00a0MR, et al. Review hepatitis B surface antigen quantification\u202f: why and how to use it in 2011\u2014A core group report. J\u00a0Hepatol. 2011;55:1121\u201331.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"1854_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-3767.121035","volume":"19","author":"A Alghamdi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Alghamdi\u00a0A, Aref\u00a0N, El-Hazmi\u00a0M, Al-Hamoudi\u00a0W, Alswat\u00a0K, Helmy\u00a0A, et al. Correlation between hepatitis B surface antigen titers and HBV DNA levels. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2013;19:252\u20137.","journal-title":"Saudi J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1854_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2015.02.005","volume":"82","author":"S Sali","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sali\u00a0S, Sharafi\u00a0H, Hoda\u00a0S, Moayed\u00a0S, Etesam\u00a0F. Can serum level of HBsAg differentiate HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B from inactive carrier state\u202f? Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2015;82:114\u20139.","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"1854_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-3767.182454","volume":"22","author":"A Balkan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Balkan\u00a0A, Nam\u0131duru\u00a0M, Balkan\u00a0Y, Mete\u00a0A\u00d6, Karao\u011flan \u0130. Are serum quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen levels , liver histopathology and viral loads related in chronic hepatitis B\u2014infected patients\u202f? Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2016;22:208\u201314.","journal-title":"Saudi J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1854_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.01.007","volume":"52","author":"T Nguyen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nguyen\u00a0T, Thompson\u00a0AJV, Bowden\u00a0S, Croagh\u00a0C, Bell\u00a0S, Desmond\u00a0PV, et\u00a0al. Hepatitis B surface antigen levels during the natural history of chronic hepatitis B\u202f: a perspective on Asia. J\u00a0Hepatol. 2010;52:508\u201313.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"1854_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1933","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23571","volume":"51","author":"AJV Thompson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Thompson\u00a0AJV, Nguyen\u00a0T, Iser\u00a0D, Ayres\u00a0A, Jackson\u00a0K, Littlejohn\u00a0M, et\u00a0al. Serum hepatitis\u00a0B surface antigen and hepatitis\u00a0B e antigen titers: disease phase influences correlation with viral load and intrahepatic hepatitis\u00a0B virus markers. Hepatology. 2010;51:1933\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.23571.","journal-title":"Hepatology."},{"key":"1854_CR31","first-page":"434A","volume":"56","author":"M-P Michelle","year":"2012","unstructured":"Michelle\u00a0M\u2011P, Lapalus\u00a0M, Laou\u00e9nan\u00a0C, Boyer\u00a0N, -Pierre Ripault\u00a0M, Asselah\u00a0T, et al. How to distinguish HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B, with high risk of reactivation, from inactive carriers: Is there a\u00a0place for HBsAg quantification? Hepatology. 2012;56:434A\u20135A.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"1854_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.02.007","volume":"142","author":"T Tseng","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tseng\u00a0T, Liu\u00a0C, Yang\u00a0H, Su\u00a0T, Wang\u00a0C, Chen\u00a0C, et\u00a0al. High levels of hepatitis B surface antigen increase risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with low HBV load. Gastroenterology. 2012;142:1140\u20139.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"}],"container-title":["Wiener klinische Wochenschrift"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00508-021-01854-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00508-021-01854-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00508-021-01854-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]],"date-time":"2021-07-20T21:10:56Z","timestamp":1626815456000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00508-021-01854-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13-14","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]}},"alternative-id":["1854"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00508-021-01854-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0043-5325","1613-7671"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0043-5325","type":"print"},{"value":"1613-7671","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 August 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 March 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 April 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"S.\u00a0Y\u0131ld\u0131z Kaya, B.\u00a0Mete, A.\u00a0Kaya, I.\u00a0I.\u00a0Balkan, N.\u00a0Saltoglu and \u00d6.\u00a0F.\u00a0Tabak declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants or on human tissue were in accordance with the ethical standards of the ethical committee of Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty (83045809-604.01.02)\/or national research committee and with the 1975 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical standards"}}]}}