{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T14:33:58Z","timestamp":1790087638402,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7-8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638748800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"amgen (europe) gmbh"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Wien Klin Wochenschr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most frequent cause of death in Austria. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC)\/European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) guidelines recommend intensive lipid lowering therapy (LLT) in patients at high or very high CV risk. Lipid management and achievement of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals in Austria have not recently been assessed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Subgroup analysis for Austria of a\u00a0European 18\u00a0country, cross-sectional, observational study. Patients received LLT for primary (PP) or secondary prevention (SP). Data including LLT in the preceding 12\u00a0months and most recent LDL\u2011C were collected during a\u00a0single visit between June 2017 and November 2018. Achievement of the risk-based 2016 and 2019 ESC\/EAS LDL\u2011C goal while receiving stabilized LLT was assessed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 293 patients were enrolled from 8\u00a0Austrian sites, of which 200 (PP\u202f=\u2009104, SP\u202f=\u200996) received stabilized LLT at the LDL\u2011C measurement date. Overall, 58% (71% PP, 43% SP) and 38% (52% PP, 23% SP) achieved the risk-based 2016 and 2019 goals, respectively. Most patients received moderate-intensity statin monotherapy (46%), while 34% used high-intensity statin monotherapy. Combination therapy of moderate\/high-intensity statin with ezetimibe (12%), or proprotein convertase subtilisin\/kexin type\u00a09 (PCSK9) inhibitors with statin\u202f\u00b1\u2009ezetimibe (1%), was used infrequently.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The current Austrian routine lipid management using mainly moderate-intensity or high-intensity statin monotherapy is insufficient to attain ESC\/EAS guideline goals, in particular the more stringent 2019 recommendations, a\u00a0situation comparable to other participating European countries. In addition to switching to and optimizing doses of high-intensity statins, a\u00a0combination with ezetimibe or PCSK9 inhibitors will be needed in many cases.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-021-01978-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T14:03:17Z","timestamp":1638799397000},"page":"294-301","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Lipid lowering therapy in primary and secondary prevention in Austria: are LDL-C goals achieved?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4898-4606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Siostrzonek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1601-4656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helmut","family":"Brath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5407-9832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Zweiker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4677-9756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heinz","family":"Drexel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7636-8002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Hoelzl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1877-6838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margit","family":"Hemetsberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0508-0954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kausik K.","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"1978_CR1","unstructured":"Statistics Austria. 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R.\u00a0Zweiker received fees as a\u00a0speaker, member of advisory boards or support for scientific projects by Amgen, Sanofi, Daiichi Sankyo, Novartis, Menarini, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, MEDahead, Austrian Medical Association, AstraZeneca. H.\u00a0Drexel is national principal investigator of the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial (Sanofi), has received lecture fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi, MSD, Amgen, Servier, Daiichi Sankyo, Novartis and is a\u00a0member of the advisory boards of NovoNordisk, Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi, Amgen. R.\u00a0Hoelzl is an employee of Amgen and owns Amgen shares. M.\u00a0Hemetsberger has received consultancy fees from Amgen and holds Amgen stock. K.K.\u00a0Ray reports grants from Amgen, during the conduct of the study; and personal fees from AbbVie, Aegerion, Akcea, Algorithm, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cerenis, Cipla, Dr Reddys, Esperion, Kowa, Lilly, The Medicines Company, New Amsterdam, Novartis, Silence Therapeutics, Takeda, and Zuellig Pharma, and grants and personal fees from Amgen, Daiichi Sankyo, MSD, Pfizer, and Sanofi\/Regeneron, outside the submitted work.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study protocol was approved by the institutional review board or independent ethics committee at each participating site (full protocol available online, ENCePP; registration no. EU PAS 22075). All enrolled persons gave their informed consent prior to inclusion in the study. This study was thus performed in accordance with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical standards"}}]}}