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Dementsprechend sind eine rasche umfassende Diagnostik und Therapie sowie eine enge \u00dcberwachung der Vitalparameter und Laborbefunde erforderlich. Bei der Therapie, die sich bei der ketoazidotischen (DKA) und hyperglyk\u00e4misch-hyperosmolaren (HHS) Form nicht wesentlich unterscheidet, kommt dem Ausgleich des meist betr\u00e4chtlichen Fl\u00fcssigkeitsdefizits mit mehreren Litern einer physiologischen kristalloiden L\u00f6sung eine vorrangige Rolle zu. Bei den Elektrolyten ist insbesondere auf eine ausgeglichene Serum-Kalium-Konzentration zu achten. Normal-Insulin oder rasch wirksame Analoga k\u00f6nnen initial als i.v.-Bolus verabreicht werden, in der Folge jedoch kontinuierlich \u00fcber einen Perfusor. 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