{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T22:05:13Z","timestamp":1791929113882,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]],"date-time":"2023-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":109,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005788","name":"Medical University of Vienna","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005788","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Wien Klin Wochenschr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Zusammenfassung<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Gestationsdiabetes (GDM) wird als Glukosetoleranzst\u00f6rung definiert, die erstmals in der Schwangerschaft festgestellt wird. GDM ist mit einer erh\u00f6hten feto-maternalen Morbidit\u00e4t sowie Langzeitkomplikationen bei Mutter und Kind assoziiert. Frauen, die die Kriterien eines manifesten Diabetes mellitus bereits in der Fr\u00fchschwangerschaft erf\u00fcllen (N\u00fcchternplasmaglukose \u2265\u202f126\u202fmg\/dl, Spontanglukosemessung \u2265\u202f200\u202fmg\/dl oder HbA\n                    <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u202f\u2265\u20096,5\u202f% vor der 20.\u00a0Schwangerschaftswoche) sollen als Schwangere mit manifestem Diabetes klassifiziert und ebenso behandelt werden. Ein Screening auf unerkannten Typ\u00a02\u00a0Diabetes bei der ersten pr\u00e4natalen Kontrolle wird besonders bei Frauen mit hohem Risiko (Anamnese eines GDM\/Pr\u00e4diabetes, Fehlbildungen, Totgeburt, wiederholte Aborte oder Geburtsgewicht \u00fcber 4500\u202fg in fr\u00fcheren Schwangerschaften, Adipositas, metabolisches Syndrom, Alter &gt;\u202f35\u00a0Jahre, bei Gef\u00e4\u00dferkrankungen, Auftreten von Diabetessymptomen wie Glukosurie, ethnische Zugeh\u00f6rigkeit zu Gruppen mit hohem Risiko [arabisch, S\u00a0und SO-asiatisch, lateinamerikanisch]) empfohlen. GDM wird durch einen oralen Glukosetoleranztest (oGTT, 120\u202fmin; 75\u202fg Glukose) oder durch N\u00fcchternplasmaglukose \u2265\u202f92\u202fmg\/dl diagnostiziert. Bei hohem Risiko kann ein oGTT bereits im ersten Trimenon sinnvoll sein, zwischen der 24.\u201328.\u00a0Schwangerschaftswoche muss dieser Test aber in jedem Fall bei allen Schwangeren mit bis dahin unauff\u00e4lligen Glukosewerten im Rahmen der Mutter-Kind-Pass-Untersuchung durchgef\u00fchrt werden. Nach WHO Empfehlungen basierend auf der \u201eHyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) study\u201c liegt ein GDM vor, wenn die Plasmaglukose n\u00fcchtern 92\u202fmg\/dl, nach 60\u202fmin 180\u202fmg\/dl oder nach 120\u202fmin 153\u202fmg\/dl \u00fcberschreitet (Internationale Konsensuskriterien). Ein einziger erh\u00f6hter Wert ist f\u00fcr die Diagnose ausreichend und bedarf bereits einer strikten Stoffwechselkontrolle. Nach bariatrischer Operation wird aufgrund der Gefahr einer postprandialen Hypoglyk\u00e4mie die Durchf\u00fchrung eines oGTT nicht empfohlen. Alle Frauen mit GDM m\u00fcssen eine Ern\u00e4hrungsberatung erhalten und ihre Blutzuckerwerte (4\u00a0Messzeitpunkte) regelm\u00e4\u00dfig kontrollieren. Ebenso sollte, falls nicht kontraindiziert, die k\u00f6rperliche Aktivit\u00e4t erh\u00f6ht werden. Falls die Blutzuckerspiegel nicht im Therapiezielbereich liegen (n\u00fcchtern &lt;\u202f95\u202fmg\/dl und 1\u202fh postprandial &lt;\u202f140\u202fmg\/dl, Evidenzklasse\u00a0B) soll als erste Wahl eine Insulintherapie initiiert werden (Evidenzklasse\u00a0A). Neben der m\u00fctterlichen Stoffwechsel\u00fcberwachung sind geburtshilfliche Kontrollen und ein ultraschallgest\u00fctztes, fetales Monitoring notwendig, um die m\u00fctterliche und fetale\/neonatale Morbidit\u00e4t und die perinatale Mortalit\u00e4t m\u00f6glichst gering zu halten (Evidenzklasse\u00a0A). Im Rahmen der neonatalen Untersuchungen m\u00fcssen bei Neugeborenen von M\u00fcttern mit GDM Blutzuckerkontrollen erfolgen und bei Erfordernis geeignete Ma\u00dfnahmen eingeleitet werden. Nach der Entbindung (4\u201312\u00a0Wochen post partum) wird neuerlich die Durchf\u00fchrung eines oGTT (75\u202fg; WHO Kriterien) bei allen Frauen mit GDM empfohlen, um eine \u00fcber die Schwangerschaft hinaus bestehende Glukosetoleranzst\u00f6rung auszuschlie\u00dfen. Bei Normalbefund sollen alle 2\u20133\u00a0Jahre regelm\u00e4\u00dfig weitere Testungen (N\u00fcchternblutzucker, Spontanglukose, HbA\n                    <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                    oder oGTT) erfolgen (Evidenzklasse\u00a0B). Alle Frauen sollen \u00fcber ihr deutlich erh\u00f6htes Risiko f\u00fcr Typ\u00a02\u00a0Diabetes, das h\u00f6here kardiovaskul\u00e4re Risiko, sowie \u00fcber entsprechende Pr\u00e4ventionsma\u00dfnahmen, informiert werden. Dazu geh\u00f6ren Lebensstilma\u00dfnahmen, wie Gewichtsreduktion bei \u00dcbergewicht, gesunde Ern\u00e4hrung und ausreichend k\u00f6rperliche Aktivit\u00e4t (Evidenzklasse\u00a0A). Auch die Kinder sollen hinsichtlich einer unauff\u00e4lligen Entwicklung regelm\u00e4\u00dfig nachuntersucht werden, da in rezenten Untersuchungen h\u00f6heres Risiko f\u00fcr \u00dcbergewicht und Adipositas sowie erh\u00f6hte Glukoseparameter festgestellt wurden. Wenn m\u00f6glich sollte die gesamte Familie \u00fcber Lebensstilma\u00dfnahmen zur Aufrechterhaltung\/Verbesserung der Gesundheit informiert werden.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-023-02181-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T19:03:25Z","timestamp":1682535805000},"page":"115-128","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Gestationsdiabetes (GDM) (Update 2023)","Gestational diabetes mellitus (Update 2023)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"135","author":[{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Kautzky-Willer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Winhofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herbert","family":"Kiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Falcone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelika","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Lechleitner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raimund","family":"Weitgasser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Harreiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9677","key":"2181_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60731-5","volume":"373","author":"L Bellamy","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bellamy\u00a0L, Casas\u00a0JP, Hingorani\u00a0AD, Williams\u00a0D. Type 2 diabetes mellitus after gestational diabetes: a\u00a0systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2009;373(9677):1773\u20139.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"2181_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnac003","volume":"43","author":"A Sweeting","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sweeting\u00a0A, Wong\u00a0J, Murphy\u00a0HR, Ross\u00a0GP. A clinical update on gestational diabetes mellitus. Endocr Rev. 2022;43(5):763\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/endrev\/bnac003.","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"24","key":"2181_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2477","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa042973","volume":"352","author":"CA Crowther","year":"2005","unstructured":"Crowther\u00a0CA, Hiller\u00a0JE, Moss\u00a0JR, et\u00a0al. Effect of treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus on pregnancy outcomes. N\u00a0Engl J Med. 2005;352(24):2477\u201386.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2181_CR4","first-page":"CD003395","volume":"3","author":"N Alwan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Alwan\u00a0N, Tuffnell\u00a0DJ, West\u00a0J. Treatments for gestational diabetes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;3:CD3395.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"2181_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2021.6373","volume":"182","author":"HJ Teede","year":"2022","unstructured":"Teede\u00a0HJ, Bailey\u00a0C, Moran\u00a0LJ, et al. Association of antenatal diet and physical activity-based interventions with gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2022;182(2):106\u201314.","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"2181_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"m1361","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1361","volume":"369","author":"E Vounzoulaki","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vounzoulaki\u00a0E, Khunti\u00a0K, Abner\u00a0SC, et al. Progression to type 2 diabetes in women with a\u00a0known history of gestational diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2020;369:m1361.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"5","key":"2181_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-2301","volume":"93","author":"A Kautzky-Willer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kautzky-Willer\u00a0A, Bancher-Todesca\u00a0D, Weitgasser\u00a0R, et al. The impact of risk factors and more stringent diagnostic criteria of gestational diabetes on outcomes in central European women. J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008;93(5):1689\u201395.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"7","key":"2181_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e90","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-0200","volume":"39","author":"J Harreiter","year":"2016","unstructured":"Harreiter\u00a0J, Simmons\u00a0D, Desoye\u00a0G, et\u00a0al. IADPSG and WHO 2013 gestational diabetes mellitus criteria identify obese women with marked insulin resistance in early pregnancy. Diabetes Care. 2016;39(7):e90\u20132.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"2181_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2018.0218","volume":"43","author":"V Falcone","year":"2019","unstructured":"Falcone\u00a0V, Kotzaeridi\u00a0G, Breil\u00a0MH, et\u00a0al. Early assessment of the risk for gestational diabetes mellitus: can fasting parameters of glucose metabolism contribute to risk prediction? Diabetes Metab\u00a0J. 2019;43(6):785\u201393.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab J"},{"issue":"12","key":"2181_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13630","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13630","volume":"51","author":"G Kotzaeridi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kotzaeridi\u00a0G, Blatter\u00a0J, Eppel\u00a0D, et\u00a0al. Performance of early risk assessment tools to predict the later development of gestational diabetes. Eur J Clin Invest. 2021;51(12):e13630.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"1","key":"2181_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S232","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-S015","volume":"45","author":"B Draznin","year":"2022","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee, Draznin\u00a0B, Aroda\u00a0VR, et al. 15. Management of diabetes in pregnancy: standards of medical care in diabetes-2022. Diabetes Care. 2022;45(1):S232\u2013S43.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2181_CR12","unstructured":"Deutsche Diabetes Gesellschaft e.\u202fV. (DDG), Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Gyn\u00e4kologie und Geburtshilfe e.\u202fV. (DGGG). S3-Leitlinie: Gestationsdiabetes mellitus (GDM), Diagnostik, Therapie und Nachsorge. 2018. http:\/\/www.awmf.org\/leitlinien\/detail\/ll\/057-008.html, AWMF-Registernummer 057\u2013008. Zugegriffen: 12.05.2022"},{"issue":"3","key":"2181_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2013.10.012","volume":"103","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2014","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Diagnostic criteria and classification of hyperglycaemia first detected in pregnancy: a\u00a0world health organization guideline. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2014;103(3):341\u201363.","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"2181_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.14334","volume":"101","author":"DA Muin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Muin\u00a0DA, Pfeifer\u00a0B, Helmer\u00a0H, et al. Universal gestational diabetes screening and antepartum stillbirth rates in Austria\u2014a population-based study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2022;101(4):396\u2013404.","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"2181_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4587064","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4587064","volume":"2018","author":"J Harreiter","year":"2018","unstructured":"Harreiter\u00a0J, Schindler\u00a0K, Bancher-Todesca\u00a0D, et al. Management of pregnant women after bariatric surgery. J\u00a0Obes. 2018;2018:4587064.","journal-title":"J Obes"},{"issue":"3","key":"2181_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1848","volume":"33","author":"BE Metzger","year":"2010","unstructured":"International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Consensus Panel, Metzger\u00a0BE, Gabbe\u00a0SG, et\u00a0al. International association of diabetes and pregnancy study groups recommendations on the diagnosis and classification of hyperglycemia in pregnancy. Diabetes Care. 2010;33(3):676\u201382.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"19","key":"2181_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0707943","volume":"358","author":"BE Metzger","year":"2008","unstructured":"HAPO Study Cooperative Research Group, Metzger\u00a0BE, Lowe\u00a0LP, et\u00a0al. Hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes. N\u00a0Engl J Med. 2008;358(19):1991\u20132002.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2181_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-1112","volume":"58","author":"BE Metzger","year":"2009","unstructured":"HAPO Study Cooperative Research Group, Metzger\u00a0BE, Lowe\u00a0LP, et\u00a0al. Hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcome (HAPO) study: associations with neonatal anthropometrics. Diabetes. 2009;58(2):453\u20139.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"7","key":"2181_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2204091","volume":"387","author":"CA Crowther","year":"2022","unstructured":"Crowther\u00a0CA, Samuel\u00a0D, McCowan\u00a0LME, et\u00a0al. Lower versus higher glycemic criteria for diagnosis of gestational diabetes. N\u00a0Engl J Med. 2022;387(7):587\u201398.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2181_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S17","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-S002","volume":"45","author":"B Draznin","year":"2022","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee, Draznin\u00a0B, Aroda\u00a0VR, et al. 2. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: standards of medical care in diabetes-2022. Diabetes Care. 2022;45(1):S17\u2013S38.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"2181_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3173","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-012-2726-7","volume":"55","author":"CS Gobl","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gobl\u00a0CS, Bozkurt\u00a0L, Rivic\u00a0P, et al. A two-step screening algorithm including fasting plasma glucose measurement and a\u00a0risk estimation model is an accurate strategy for detecting gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia. 2012;55(12):3173\u201381.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"2181_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00220","volume":"9","author":"J Harreiter","year":"2018","unstructured":"Harreiter\u00a0J, Kautzky-Willer\u00a0A. Sex and gender differences in prevention of type 2 diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2018;9:220.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2181_CR23","first-page":"903","volume":"102","author":"D Simmons","year":"2017","unstructured":"Simmons\u00a0D, Devlieger\u00a0R, van Assche\u00a0A, et\u00a0al. Effect of physical activity and\/or healthy eating on GDM risk: the DALI lifestyle study. J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2017;102(3):903\u201313.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2181_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.04.006","volume":"39","author":"R Corcoy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Corcoy\u00a0R, Mendoza\u00a0LC, Simmons\u00a0D, et\u00a0al. The DALI vitamin D randomized controlled trial for gestational diabetes mellitus prevention: no major benefit shown besides vitamin D sufficiency. Clin Nutr. 2020;39(3):976\u201384.","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"18","key":"2181_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3781","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14183781","volume":"14","author":"J Harreiter","year":"2022","unstructured":"Harreiter\u00a0J, Mendoza\u00a0LC, Simmons\u00a0D, Desoye\u00a0G, Devlieger\u00a0R, Galjaard\u00a0S, Damm\u00a0P, Mathiesen\u00a0ER, Jensen\u00a0DM, Andersen\u00a0LLT, Dunne\u00a0F, Lapolla\u00a0A, Dalfra\u00a0MG, Bertolotto\u00a0A, Wender-Ozegowska\u00a0E, Zawiejska\u00a0A, Hill\u00a0D, Jelsma\u00a0JGM, Snoek\u00a0FJ, Worda\u00a0C, Bancher-Todesca\u00a0D, van Poppel\u00a0MNM, Corcoy\u00a0R, Kautzky-Willer\u00a0A, On Behalf Of The Dali Core Investigator Group. Vitamin D3 Supplementation in Overweight\/Obese Pregnant Women: No Effects on the Maternal or Fetal Lipid Profile and Body Fat Distribution-A Secondary Analysis of the Multicentric, Randomized, Controlled Vitamin D and Lifestyle for Gestational Diabetes Prevention Trial (DALI). Nutrients. 2022;14(18):3781. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu14183781.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"11","key":"2181_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4227","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2465","volume":"98","author":"I Blumer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Blumer\u00a0I, Hadar\u00a0E, Hadden\u00a0DR, et\u00a0al. Diabetes and pregnancy: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013;98(11):4227\u201349.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2181_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000509900","author":"K Kapur","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kapur\u00a0K, Kapur\u00a0A, Hod\u00a0M. Nutrition management of gestational diabetes mellitus. Ann Nutr Metab. 2021; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000509900.","journal-title":"Ann Nutr Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"2181_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-0418","volume":"42","author":"J Harreiter","year":"2019","unstructured":"Harreiter\u00a0J, Simmons\u00a0D, Desoye\u00a0G, et al. Nutritional lifestyle intervention in obese pregnant women, including lower carbohydrate intake, is associated with increased maternal free fatty acids, 3\u2011\u03b2-Hydroxybutyrate, and fasting glucose concentrations: a secondary factorial analysis of the European multicenter, randomized controlled DALI lifestyle intervention trial. Diabetes Care. 2019;42(8):1380\u20139.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2181_CR29","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine. Weight gain during pregnancy: reexamining the guideline. 2009. https:\/\/nap.nationalacademies.org\/resource\/12584\/Report-Brief---Weight-Gain-During-Pregnancy.pdf. Zugegriffen: 21.03.2023"},{"issue":"9","key":"2181_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-0369","volume":"40","author":"E Cosson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cosson\u00a0E, Baz\u00a0B, Gary\u00a0F, et al. Poor reliability and poor adherence to self-monitoring of blood glucose are common in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and may be associated with poor pregnancy outcomes. Diabetes Care. 2017;40(9):1181\u20136.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"2181_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002101","volume":"130","author":"H Mendez-Figueroa","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mendez-Figueroa\u00a0H, Schuster\u00a0M, Maggio\u00a0L, et al. Gestational diabetes mellitus and frequency of blood glucose monitoring: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2017;130(1):163\u201370.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2181_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10060698","volume":"10","author":"J Mijatovic-Vukas","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mijatovic-Vukas\u00a0J, Capling\u00a0L, Cheng\u00a0S, et al. Associations of diet and physical activity with risk for gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients. 2018;10(6):698. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu10060698.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"1","key":"2181_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-020-02892-1","volume":"20","author":"W Xie","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xie\u00a0W, Dai\u00a0P, Qin\u00a0Y, et al. Effectiveness of telemedicine for pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: an updated meta-analysis of 32 randomized controlled trials with trial sequential analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2020;20(1):198.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"4","key":"2181_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-015-3692-3","volume":"292","author":"S Lv","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lv\u00a0S, Wang\u00a0J, Xu\u00a0Y. Safety of insulin analogs during pregnancy: a\u00a0meta-analysis. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2015;292(4):749\u201356.","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"2","key":"2181_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587","volume":"11","author":"ER Mathiesen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mathiesen\u00a0ER, Alibegovic\u00a0AC, Corcoy\u00a0R, Dunne\u00a0F, Feig\u00a0DS, Hod\u00a0M, Jia\u00a0T, Kalyanam\u00a0B, Kar\u00a0S, Kautzky-Willer\u00a0A, Marchesini\u00a0C, Rea\u00a0RD, Damm\u00a0P; EXPECT study group. Insulin degludec versus insulin detemir, both in combination with insulin aspart, in the treatment of pregnant women with type 1 diabetes (EXPECT): an open\u2011label, multinational, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2023;11(2):86\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(22)00307-2.","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2181_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12721","volume":"9","author":"A Milluzzo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Milluzzo\u00a0A, Tumminia\u00a0A, Scalisi\u00a0NM, et\u00a0al. Insulin degludec in the first trimester of pregnancy: report of two cases. J\u00a0Diabetes Investig. 2018;9(3):629\u201331.","journal-title":"J Diabetes Investig"},{"key":"2181_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2019.05.004","volume":"152","author":"MF Keller","year":"2019","unstructured":"Keller\u00a0MF, Vestgaard\u00a0M, Damm\u00a0P, Mathiesen\u00a0ER, Ringholm\u00a0L. Treatment with the long-acting insulin analog degludec during pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes: an observational study of 22\u00a0cases. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2019;152:58\u201364.","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"2181_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-021-01845-0","volume":"59","author":"L Ringholm","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ringholm\u00a0L, Do\u00a0NC, Damm\u00a0P, Mathiesen\u00a0ER. Pregnancy outcomes in women with type 1 diabetes using insulin degludec. Acta Diabetol. 2022;59(5):721\u20137.","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2181_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.17925\/EE.2015.11.01.17","volume":"11","author":"Z Doder","year":"2015","unstructured":"Doder\u00a0Z, Vanechanos\u00a0D, Oster\u00a0M, Landgraf\u00a0W, Lin\u00a0S. Insulin glulisine in pregnancy\u2014experience from clinical trials and post-marketing surveillance. Eur Endocrinol. 2015;11(1):17\u201320.","journal-title":"Eur Endocrinol"},{"issue":"19","key":"2181_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2003","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0707193","volume":"358","author":"JA Rowan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rowan\u00a0JA, Hague\u00a0WM, Gao\u00a0W, Battin\u00a0MR, Moore\u00a0MP. Metformin versus insulin for the treatment of gestational diabetes. N\u00a0Engl J Med. 2008;358(19):2003\u201315.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2181_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2010.02763.x","volume":"118","author":"H Ijas","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ijas\u00a0H, Vaarasmaki\u00a0M, Morin-Papunen\u00a0L, et al. Metformin should be considered in the treatment of gestational diabetes: a\u00a0prospective randomised study. BJOG. 2011;118(7):880\u20135.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"2","key":"2181_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpt.13503","volume":"47","author":"K He","year":"2022","unstructured":"He\u00a0K, Guo\u00a0Q, Ge\u00a0J, et al. The efficacy and safety of metformin alone or as an add-on therapy to insulin in pregnancy with GDM or T2DM: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 21 randomized controlled trials. J\u00a0Clin Pharm Ther. 2022;47(2):168\u201377.","journal-title":"J Clin Pharm Ther"},{"issue":"10","key":"2181_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2279","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-0660","volume":"34","author":"JA Rowan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rowan\u00a0JA, Rush\u00a0EC, Obolonkin\u00a0V, et al. Metformin in gestational diabetes: the offspring follow-up (MiG TOFU): body composition at 2\u00a0years of age. Diabetes Care. 2011;34(10):2279\u201384.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"2181_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1612","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-02419","volume":"103","author":"LGE Hanem","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hanem\u00a0LGE, Stridsklev\u00a0S, Juliusson\u00a0PB, et al. Metformin use in PCOS pregnancies increases the risk of offspring overweight at 4 years of age: follow-up of two RCTs. J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018;103(4):1612\u201321.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2181_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"h102","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h102","volume":"350","author":"M Balsells","year":"2015","unstructured":"Balsells\u00a0M, Garcia-Patterson\u00a0A, Sola\u00a0I, et al. Glibenclamide, metformin, and insulin for the treatment of gestational diabetes: a\u00a0systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2015;350:h102.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"5","key":"2181_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2015.74","volume":"169","author":"W Camelo Castillo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Camelo Castillo\u00a0W, Boggess\u00a0K, Sturmer\u00a0T, et\u00a0al. Association of adverse pregnancy outcomes with glyburide vs insulin in women with gestational diabetes. JAMA Pediatr. 2015;169(5):452\u20138.","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"17","key":"2181_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.4072","volume":"319","author":"MV Senat","year":"2018","unstructured":"Senat\u00a0MV, Affres\u00a0H, Letourneau\u00a0A, et\u00a0al. Effect of glyburide vs subcutaneous insulin on perinatal complications among women with gestational diabetes: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2018;319(17):1773\u201380.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"8","key":"2181_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-018-0050-0","volume":"14","author":"A Kautzky-Willer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kautzky-Willer\u00a0A, Harreiter\u00a0J. Needle beats pill in gestational diabetes mellitus. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2018;14(8):448\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41574-018-0050-0.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2181_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(99)70662-9","volume":"180","author":"PM Catalano","year":"1999","unstructured":"Catalano\u00a0PM, Huston\u00a0L, Amini\u00a0SB, Kalhan\u00a0SC. Longitudinal changes in glucose metabolism during pregnancy in obese women with normal glucose tolerance and gestational diabetes mellitus. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1999;180(4):903\u201316.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2181_CR50","first-page":"E60","volume":"264","author":"PM Catalano","year":"1993","unstructured":"Catalano\u00a0PM, Tyzbir\u00a0ED, Wolfe\u00a0RR, et\u00a0al. Carbohydrate metabolism during pregnancy in control subjects and women with gestational diabetes. Am J Physiol. 1993;264(1):E60\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2181_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2983","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-0261","volume":"43","author":"Y Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu\u00a0Y, Liu\u00a0B, Sun\u00a0Y, et\u00a0al. Association of maternal prepregnancy diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus with congenital anomalies of the newborn. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(12):2983\u201390.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"2181_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.20272","volume":"53","author":"LJ Salomon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Salomon\u00a0LJ, Alfirevic\u00a0Z, Da Silva Costa\u00a0F, et\u00a0al. ISUOG practice guidelines: ultrasound assessment of fetal biometry and growth. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2019;53(6):715\u201323.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2181_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1002\/bdrc.21090","volume":"105","author":"A Ornoy","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ornoy\u00a0A, Reece\u00a0EA, Pavlinkova\u00a0G, Kappen\u00a0C, Miller\u00a0RK. Effect of maternal diabetes on the embryo, fetus, and children: congenital anomalies, genetic and epigenetic changes and developmental outcomes. Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today. 2015;105(1):53\u201372.","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today"},{"issue":"2","key":"2181_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S251","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-s225","volume":"30","author":"BE Metzger","year":"2007","unstructured":"Metzger\u00a0BE, Buchanan\u00a0TA, Coustan\u00a0DR, et al. Summary and recommendations of the fifth international workshop-conference on gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(2):S251\u201360.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2181_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2021.108696","volume":"173","author":"SJ Davidson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Davidson\u00a0SJ, de Jersey\u00a0SJ, Britten\u00a0FL, et\u00a0al. Fetal ultrasound scans to guide management of gestational diabetes: Improved neonatal outcomes in routine clinical practice. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2021;173:108696.","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"2181_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.24888","volume":"59","author":"LJ Salomon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Salomon\u00a0LJ, Alfirevic\u00a0Z, Berghella\u00a0V, et al. ISUOG practice guidelines (updated): performance of the routine mid-trimester fetal ultrasound scan. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2022;59(6):840\u201356.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2181_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1159\/000073139","volume":"18","author":"P Greco","year":"2003","unstructured":"Greco\u00a0P, Vimercati\u00a0A, Scioscia\u00a0M, et al. Timing of fetal growth acceleration in women with insulin-dependent diabetes. Fetal Diagn Ther. 2003;18(6):437\u201341.","journal-title":"Fetal Diagn Ther"},{"key":"2181_CR58","unstructured":"Deutsche Diabetes Gesellschaft e.\u202fV. (DDG). S2e-Leitlinie: Diabetes in der Schwangerschaft. 2021. https:\/\/www.awmf.org\/leitlinien\/detail\/ll\/057-023.html. Zugegriffen: 30. Nov. 2021, AWMF-Registernummer 057-023."},{"issue":"6","key":"2181_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.926","volume":"22","author":"G Larciprete","year":"2003","unstructured":"Larciprete\u00a0G, Valensise\u00a0H, Vasapollo\u00a0B, et\u00a0al. Fetal subcutaneous tissue thickness (SCTT) in healthy and gestational diabetic pregnancies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2003;22(6):591\u20137.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2181_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.03.005","volume":"211","author":"AL Sutton","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sutton\u00a0AL, Mele\u00a0L, Landon\u00a0MB, et\u00a0al. Delivery timing and cesarean delivery risk in women with mild gestational diabetes mellitus. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2014;211(3):244.e1\u2013244.e7.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2181_CR61","first-page":"CD000938","volume":"5","author":"M Boulvain","year":"2016","unstructured":"Boulvain\u00a0M, Irion\u00a0O, Dowswell\u00a0T, Thornton\u00a0JG. Induction of labour at or near term for suspected fetal macrosomia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;5:CD938.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"2181_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.12.021","volume":"214","author":"N Melamed","year":"2016","unstructured":"Melamed\u00a0N, Ray\u00a0JG, Geary\u00a0M, et\u00a0al. Induction of labor before 40\u00a0weeks is associated with lower rate of cesarean delivery in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;214(3):364.e1\u2013364.e8.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2181_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(91)90424-P","volume":"165","author":"O Langer","year":"1991","unstructured":"Langer\u00a0O, Berkus\u00a0MD, Huff\u00a0RW, Samueloff\u00a0A. Shoulder dystocia: should the fetus weighing greater than or equal to 4000 grams be delivered by cesarean section? Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1991;165(4):831\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2181_CR64","first-page":"439","volume":"44","author":"Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Neonatologie und P\u00e4diatrische Intensivmedizin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Neonatologie und P\u00e4diatrische Intensivmedizin, Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Perinatale Medizin, Deutsche Diabetes Gesellschaft, Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Kinderheilkunde und Jugendmedizin, Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Gyn\u00e4kologie und Geburtshilfe. Betreuung von Neugeborenen diabetischer M\u00fctter. Frauenarzt. 2003;44(4):439\u201341.","journal-title":"Frauenarzt"},{"issue":"2","key":"2181_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-277X.2008.00921.x","volume":"22","author":"IR Chertok","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chertok\u00a0IR, Raz\u00a0I, Shoham\u00a0I, Haddad\u00a0H, Wiznitzer\u00a0A. Effects of early breastfeeding on neonatal glucose levels of term infants born to women with gestational diabetes. J\u00a0Hum Nutr Diet. 2009;22(2):166\u20139.","journal-title":"J Hum Nutr Diet"},{"issue":"9","key":"2181_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2287","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-2361","volume":"30","author":"TA Hillier","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hillier\u00a0TA, Pedula\u00a0KL, Schmidt\u00a0MM, et\u00a0al. Childhood obesity and metabolic imprinting: the ongoing effects of maternal hyperglycemia. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(9):2287\u201392.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"2181_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4774","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0772","volume":"93","author":"RE Ratner","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ratner\u00a0RE, Christophi\u00a0CA, Metzger\u00a0BE, et\u00a0al. Prevention of diabetes in women with a\u00a0history of gestational diabetes: effects of metformin and lifestyle interventions. J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008;93(12):4774\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"2181_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-3761","volume":"100","author":"VR Aroda","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aroda\u00a0VR, Christophi\u00a0CA, Edelstein\u00a0SL, et al. The effect of lifestyle intervention and metformin on preventing or delaying diabetes among women with and without gestational diabetes: the diabetes prevention program outcomes study 10-year follow-up. J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015;100(4):1646\u201353.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2181_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e318220e18f","volume":"118","author":"CS G\u00f6bl","year":"2011","unstructured":"G\u00f6bl\u00a0CS, Bozkurt\u00a0L, Prikoszovich\u00a0T, et\u00a0al. Early possible risk factors for overt diabetes after gestational diabetes mellitus. Obstet Gynecol. 2011;118(1):71\u20138.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2181_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.11628","volume":"320","author":"WL Lowe Jr.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lowe\u00a0WL Jr., Scholtens\u00a0DM, Lowe\u00a0LP, et\u00a0al. Association of gestational diabetes with maternal disorders of glucose metabolism and childhood adiposity. JAMA. 2018;320(10):1005\u201316.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"12","key":"2181_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3167","DOI":"10.2337\/db12-0393","volume":"61","author":"AG Ziegler","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ziegler\u00a0AG, Wallner\u00a0M, Kaiser\u00a0I, et al. Long-term protective effect of lactation on the development of type 2 diabetes in women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes. 2012;61(12):3167\u201371.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"3","key":"2181_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.29.03.06.dc05-1940","volume":"29","author":"AH Xiang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Xiang\u00a0AH, Kawakubo\u00a0M, Kjos\u00a0SL, Buchanan\u00a0TA. Long-acting injectable progestin contraception and risk of type 2 diabetes in Latino women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2006;29(3):613\u20137.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"8","key":"2181_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-0706","volume":"31","author":"BR Shah","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shah\u00a0BR, Retnakaran\u00a0R, Booth\u00a0GL. Increased risk of cardiovascular disease in young women following gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2008;31(8):1668\u20139.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"2181_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-019-4840-2","volume":"62","author":"CK Kramer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kramer\u00a0CK, Campbell\u00a0S, Retnakaran\u00a0R. Gestational diabetes and the risk of cardiovascular disease in women: a\u00a0systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetologia. 2019;62(6):905\u201314.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"7","key":"2181_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-016-3985-5","volume":"59","author":"P Damm","year":"2016","unstructured":"Damm\u00a0P, Houshmand-Oeregaard\u00a0A, Kelstrup\u00a0L, et al. Gestational diabetes mellitus and long-term consequences for mother and offspring: a\u00a0view from Denmark. Diabetologia. 2016;59(7):1396\u20139.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"1","key":"2181_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S13","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-S002","volume":"41","author":"American Diabetes Association","year":"2018","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association. 2. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: standards of medical care in diabetes-2018. Diabetes Care. 2018;41(1):S13\u2013S27.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"9677","key":"2181_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60515-8","volume":"373","author":"EA Reece","year":"2009","unstructured":"Reece\u00a0EA, Leguizamon\u00a0G, Wiznitzer\u00a0A. Gestational diabetes: the need for a\u00a0common ground. Lancet. 2009;373(9677):1789\u201397.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"2181_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-2021","volume":"42","author":"DM Scholtens","year":"2019","unstructured":"Scholtens\u00a0DM, Kuang\u00a0A, Lowe\u00a0LP, et al. Hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcome follow-up study (HAPO FUS): maternal glycemia and childhood glucose metabolism. Diabetes Care. 2019;42(3):381\u201392.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"2181_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.2217\/WHE.13.69","volume":"10","author":"J Harreiter","year":"2014","unstructured":"Harreiter\u00a0J, Dovjak\u00a0G, Kautzky-Willer\u00a0A. Gestational diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular risk after pregnancy. Womens Health (Lond). 2014;10(1):91\u2013108.","journal-title":"Womens Health (Lond)"},{"issue":"11","key":"2181_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-020-01348-2","volume":"20","author":"J Harreiter","year":"2020","unstructured":"Harreiter\u00a0J, Fadl\u00a0H, Kautzky-Willer\u00a0A, Simmons\u00a0D. Do women with diabetes need more intensive action for cardiovascular reduction than men with diabetes? Curr Diab Rep. 2020;20(11):61.","journal-title":"Curr Diab Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"2181_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-019-1282-7","volume":"19","author":"J Harreiter","year":"2019","unstructured":"Harreiter\u00a0J, Desoye\u00a0G, van Poppel\u00a0MNM, et\u00a0al. The effects of lifestyle and\/or vitamin D supplementation interventions on pregnancy outcomes: what have we learned from the DALI studies? Curr Diab Rep. 2019;19(12):162.","journal-title":"Curr Diab Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"2181_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1814","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-022-05658-w","volume":"65","author":"JR Sparks","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sparks\u00a0JR, Ghildayal\u00a0N, Hivert\u00a0MF, Redman\u00a0LM. Lifestyle interventions in pregnancy targeting GDM prevention: looking ahead to precision medicine. Diabetologia. 2022;65(11):1814\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00125-022-05658-w.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"}],"container-title":["Wiener klinische Wochenschrift"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00508-023-02181-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00508-023-02181-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00508-023-02181-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T19:07:07Z","timestamp":1682536027000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00508-023-02181-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["2181"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00508-023-02181-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0043-5325","1613-7671"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0043-5325","type":"print"},{"value":"1613-7671","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 February 2023","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 April 2023","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A.\u00a0Kautzky-Willer hat von folgenden Unternehmen, die teils auch f\u00f6rdernde Mitglieder der \u00d6DG sind, Forschungsunterst\u00fctzungen und\/oder Honorare erhalten: Astra Zeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Glaxo Smith-Kline Pharma, Eli Lilly, Merck Sharp&Dohme, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis. Y.\u00a0Winhofer hat von folgenden Unternehmen, die auch f\u00f6rdernde Mitglieder der \u00d6DG sind, Forschungsunterst\u00fctzungen\/Honorare erhalten: Sanofi Aventis, Eli Lilly, Astra Zeneca, Novartis. M.\u00a0Lechleitner hat von folgenden Unternehmen, die auch f\u00f6rdernde Mitglieder der \u00d6DG sind, Honorare erhalten: Astra Zeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Germania Pharmazeutika, GlaxoSmithKline Pharma, Eli Lilly, Medtronic, Merck Sharp&Dome, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis, Takeda. R.\u00a0Weitgasser hat von folgenden Unternehmen, die teils auch f\u00f6rdernde Mitglieder der \u00d6DG sind, Forschungsunterst\u00fctzungen und\/oder Honorare erhalten: Abbott Diabetes Care, Amgen, Allergan, AstraZeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novo Nordisk, Roche Diabetes Care, Sanofi.. H.\u00a0Kiss, V.\u00a0Falcone, A.\u00a0Berger und J.\u00a0Harreiter geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Interessenkonflikt"}}]}}