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This review aimed to synthesize existing RCT evidence to determine the efficacy of Kneipp medicine interventions compared to control conditions on mortality, morbidity and quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An initial information search involved inquiries to Kneipp institutions and practitioners. Subsequently, a\u00a0systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and EMBASE, adhering to PRISMA guidelines and registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251061013). Inclusion criteria focused on human RCTs evaluating Kneipp interventions with a\u00a0comparator group and reporting on mortality, morbidity or quality of life. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment (RoB\u00a02.0) were performed by independent reviewers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The search yielded 77\u00a0records but only 1\u00a0study met the inclusion criteria. This single included study, albeit at a\u00a0low number of only 30\u00a0patients, was an explorative feasibility trial. The systematic review revealed a\u00a0significant lack of high-quality RCTs evaluating Kneipp therapy as a\u00a0whole concept or its individual pillars. Identified studies often suffered from methodological limitations, including small sample sizes, inadequate control groups, and lack of blinding. Institutional inquiries provided insights into teaching modalities and promotional activities but lacked robust scientific documentation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite its historical and cultural significance, Kneipp medicine lacks robust scientific validation from high-quality RCTs to substantiate its medical efficacy as a\u00a0comprehensive therapeutic approach. Consequently, its contemporary relevance appears to be primarily rooted in traditional, wellness and commercial contexts rather than evidence-based healthcare and medical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-026-02780-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T17:40:26Z","timestamp":1782754826000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Systematic review of clinical evidence for Kneipp medicine"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5909-6578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolas","family":"Reisecker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna","family":"Riegler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6676-7831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jera","family":"Safran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Diesner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalena","family":"Aumer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Pany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1426-7788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Zommer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1339-7444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harald H.","family":"Sitte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"2780_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2013.0423","volume":"20","author":"C Locher","year":"2014","unstructured":"Locher\u00a0C, Pforr\u00a0C. 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