{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T16:25:57Z","timestamp":1788452757147,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788393600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100016168","name":"Ludwig Boltzmann Gesellschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LBG_KFG_22_32"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LBG_KFG_22_32"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100016168","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005788","name":"Medical University of Vienna","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005788","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Wien Klin Wochenschr"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vascular liver diseases such as porto-sinusoidal vascular disorder (PSVD), Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS), and non-cirrhotic portal vein thrombosis (NCPVT) are rare causes of portal hypertension (PH) but share the same phenotype with parenchymal chronic liver disease (CLD). We assessed whether blood-based and elastography-based noninvasive tests (NITs) can: (i)\u00a0differentiate vascular from parenchymal liver disease, (ii)\u00a0detect specific signs of portal hypertension within etiologies and (iii)\u00a0identify portal vein thrombosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Consecutive patients with PSVD, NCPVT, BCS, or CLD treated at a\u00a0tertiary referral center between January 2022 and December 2024 were included. Assessed NITs included platelet count, liver stiffness measurement (LSM), spleen stiffness measurement (SSM), the SSM to LSM ratio, ANTICIPATE, and NICER.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study included 411 patients: PSVD\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u200943, NCPVT\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u200938, CLD\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u2009309, and BCS\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u200921. Among patients without PVT, NIT patterns differed between etiologies. The PSVD showed low LSM despite elevated SSM, resulting in the highest SSM to LSM ratio. This ratio best discriminated PSVD from CLD and BCS (AUC\u202f\u2265\u20090.870); the proposed cut-off of &gt;\u202f2 showed good diagnostic performance. The ANTICIPATE also differentiated PSVD from CLD\/BCS, whereas SSM alone did not. Detection of specific PH signs was etiology dependent. In PSVD, platelet count showed the highest accuracy (AUC 0.823). In CLD, several NITs were associated with specific PH signs but accuracy was limited. In BCS, differences of the tested NITs for specific PH signs were not statistically significant. Across etiologies, NITs showed limited accuracy for detecting PVT.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Combined assessment of LSM and SSM, particularly the SSM to LSM ratio, supports differentiation of PSVD from parenchymal and posthepatic liver disease, whereas platelet counts was most informative to detect specific PH signs within PSVD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-026-02808-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T16:04:47Z","timestamp":1788451487000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Noninvasive test patterns across vascular and parenchymal liver diseases","Nichtinvasive Tests in vaskul\u00e4ren und parenchymalen Lebererkrankungen"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Lorenz","family":"Balcar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucie","family":"Simonis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathias","family":"Jachs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"Hartl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedikt Silvester","family":"Hofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedikt","family":"Simbrunner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Dominik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Schwarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert Friedrich","family":"St\u00e4ttermayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Trauner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mattias","family":"Mandorfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Scheiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Reiberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0411-166X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georg","family":"Semmler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10308","key":"2808_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01374-X","volume":"398","author":"P Gin\u00e8s","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gin\u00e8s\u00a0P, Krag\u00a0A, Abraldes\u00a0JG, Sol\u00e0\u00a0E, Fabrellas\u00a0N, Kamath\u00a0PS. Liver cirrhosis. Lancet. 2021;398(10308):1359\u201376.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"2808_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.04.026","volume":"77","author":"G Schomerus","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schomerus\u00a0G, Leonhard\u00a0A, Manthey\u00a0J, Morris\u00a0J, Neufeld\u00a0M, Kilian\u00a0C, et\u00a0al. The stigma of alcohol-related liver disease and its impact on healthcare. J\u00a0Hepatol. 2022;77(2):516\u201324.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2808_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2413","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30132","volume":"68","author":"V Hern\u00e1ndez-Gea","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Gea\u00a0V, Baiges\u00a0A, Turon\u00a0F, Garcia-Pag\u00e1n\u00a0JC. Idiopathic Portal Hypertension. Hepatology. 2018;68(6):2413\u201323.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"7783","key":"2808_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1631-3","volume":"575","author":"P Ramachandran","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ramachandran\u00a0P, Dobie\u00a0R, Wilson-Kanamori\u00a0JR, Dora\u00a0EF, Henderson\u00a0BEP, Luu\u00a0NT, et\u00a0al. Resolving the fibrotic niche of human liver cirrhosis at single-cell level. Nature. 2019;575(7783):512\u20138.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"2808_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.02.039","volume":"62","author":"C Trautwein","year":"2015","unstructured":"Trautwein\u00a0C, Friedman\u00a0SL, Schuppan\u00a0D, Pinzani\u00a0M. Hepatic fibrosis: Concept to treatment. J\u00a0Hepatol. 2015;62(1 Suppl):S15\u2013S24.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2808_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(85)80770-4","volume":"1","author":"PS Bhathal","year":"1985","unstructured":"Bhathal\u00a0PS, Grossman\u00a0HJ. Reduction of the increased portal vascular resistance of the isolated perfused cirrhotic rat liver by vasodilators. Journal of hepatology. 1985;1(4):325\u201337.","journal-title":"Journal of hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2808_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.08.013","volume":"60","author":"R Khanna","year":"2014","unstructured":"Khanna\u00a0R, Sarin\u00a0SK. Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension - diagnosis and management. J\u00a0Hepatol. 2014;60(2):421\u201341.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2808_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.05.033","volume":"77","author":"A De Gottardi","year":"2022","unstructured":"De Gottardi\u00a0A, Sempoux\u00a0C, Berzigotti\u00a0A. Porto-sinusoidal vascular disorder. Journal of hepatology. 2022;77(4):1124\u201335.","journal-title":"Journal of hepatology"},{"issue":"10","key":"2808_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2012.05.005","volume":"44","author":"S Seijo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Seijo\u00a0S, Reverter\u00a0E, Miquel\u00a0R, Berzigotti\u00a0A, Abraldes\u00a0JG, Bosch\u00a0J, et\u00a0al. Role of hepatic vein catheterisation and transient elastography in the diagnosis of idiopathic portal hypertension. Dig Liver Dis. 2012;44(10):855\u201360.","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"2808_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2017.03.002","volume":"7","author":"P Sharma","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sharma\u00a0P, Agarwal\u00a0R, Dhawan\u00a0S, Bansal\u00a0N, Singla\u00a0V, Kumar\u00a0A, et\u00a0al. Transient Elastography (Fibroscan) in Patients with Non-cirrhotic Portal Fibrosis. Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology. 2017;7(3):230\u20134.","journal-title":"Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2808_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.141.2.7291551","volume":"141","author":"S Futagawa","year":"1981","unstructured":"Futagawa\u00a0S, Fukazawa\u00a0M, Musha\u00a0H, Isomatsu\u00a0T, Koyama\u00a0K, Ito\u00a0T, et\u00a0al. Hepatic venography in noncirrhotic idiopathic portal hypertension. Comparison with cirrhosis of the liver. Radiology. 1981;141(2):303\u20139.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2808_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lampichler\u00a0K, Semmler\u00a0G, W\u00f6ran\u00a0K, Simbrunner\u00a0B, Jachs\u00a0M, Hartl\u00a0L, Bauer\u00a0DJM, Balcar\u00a0L, Burghart\u00a0L, Trauner\u00a0M, Tamandl\u00a0D, Ba-Ssalamah\u00a0A, Mandorfer\u00a0M, Reiberger\u00a0T, Scheiner\u00a0B, Scharitzer\u00a0M. Imaging features facilitate diagnosis of porto-sinusoidal vascular disorder. Eur Radiol. 2023 Feb;33(2):1422\u20131432. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-022-09132-4.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-022-09132-4"},{"issue":"7","key":"2808_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2340","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-023-03927-9","volume":"48","author":"S Giri","year":"2023","unstructured":"Giri\u00a0S, Singh\u00a0A, Roy\u00a0A, Patel\u00a0RK, Tripathy\u00a0T, Angadi\u00a0S. Noninvasive differentiation of porto-sinusoidal vascular disorder from cirrhosis: a\u00a0systematic review. Abdom Radiol (NY). 2023;48(7):2340\u20138.","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (NY)"},{"issue":"5","key":"2808_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(19)30047-0","volume":"4","author":"A De Gottardi","year":"2019","unstructured":"De Gottardi\u00a0A, Rautou\u00a0PE, Schouten\u00a0J, Rubbia-Brandt\u00a0L, Leebeek\u00a0F, Trebicka\u00a0J, et\u00a0al. Porto-sinusoidal vascular disease: proposal and description of a novel entity. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;4(5):399\u2013411.","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2808_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-012-0190-5","volume":"124","author":"T Reiberger","year":"2012","unstructured":"Reiberger\u00a0T, Ferlitsch\u00a0A, Payer\u00a0BA, Pinter\u00a0M, Schwabl\u00a0P, Stift\u00a0J, et\u00a0al. Noninvasive screening for liver fibrosis and portal hypertension by transient elastography\u2014a large single center experience. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. 2012;124(11):395\u2013402.","journal-title":"Wiener klinische Wochenschrift"},{"issue":"3","key":"2808_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640619900820","volume":"8","author":"G Semmler","year":"2020","unstructured":"Semmler\u00a0G, W\u00f6ran\u00a0K, Scheiner\u00a0B, Unger\u00a0LW, Paternostro\u00a0R, Stift\u00a0J, et\u00a0al. Novel reliability criteria for controlled attenuation parameter assessments for non-invasive evaluation of hepatic steatosis. United European gastroenterology journal. 2020;8(3):321\u201331.","journal-title":"United European gastroenterology journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"2808_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28824","volume":"64","author":"JG Abraldes","year":"2016","unstructured":"Abraldes\u00a0JG, Bureau\u00a0C, Stefanescu\u00a0H, Augustin\u00a0S, Ney\u00a0M, Blasco\u00a0H, et\u00a0al. Noninvasive tools and risk of clinically significant portal hypertension and varices in compensated cirrhosis: The \u201cAnticipate\u201d study. Hepatology. 2016;64(6):2173\u201384.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"12","key":"2808_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(24)00234-6","volume":"9","author":"M Jachs","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jachs\u00a0M, Odriozola\u00a0A, Turon\u00a0F, Moga\u00a0L, T\u00e9llez\u00a0L, Fischer\u00a0P, et\u00a0al. Spleen stiffness measurement by vibration-controlled transient elastography at 100\u202fHz for non-invasive predicted diagnosis of clinically significant portal hypertension in patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease: a\u00a0modelling study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2024;9(12):1111\u201320.","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2808_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12623","volume":"35","author":"P Schwabl","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schwabl\u00a0P, Bota\u00a0S, Salzl\u00a0P, Mandorfer\u00a0M, Payer\u00a0BA, Ferlitsch\u00a0A, et\u00a0al. New reliability criteria for transient elastography increase the number of accurate measurements for screening of cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Liver Int. 2015;35(2):381\u201390.","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"2808_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101300","volume":"7","author":"M Mandorfer","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mandorfer\u00a0M, Abraldes\u00a0JG, Berzigotti\u00a0A. Non-invasive assessment of portal hypertension: Liver stiffness and beyond. JHEP Rep. 2025;7(3)101300.","journal-title":"JHEP Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"2808_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2023.06.030","volume":"165","author":"G Semmler","year":"2023","unstructured":"Semmler\u00a0G, Yang\u00a0Z, Fritz\u00a0L, K\u00f6ck\u00a0F, Hofer\u00a0BS, Balcar\u00a0L, et\u00a0al. Dynamics in Liver Stiffness Measurements Predict Outcomes in Advanced Chronic Liver Disease. Gastroenterology. 2023;165(4):1041\u201352.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"6","key":"2808_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2438","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30167","volume":"68","author":"R Vuppalanchi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vuppalanchi\u00a0R, Mathur\u00a0K, Pyko\u00a0M, Samala\u00a0N, Chalasani\u00a0N. Liver Stiffness Measurements in Patients with Noncirrhotic Portal Hypertension-The Devil Is in the Details. Hepatology. 2018;68(6):2438\u201340.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2808_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31688","volume":"74","author":"L Elkrief","year":"2021","unstructured":"Elkrief\u00a0L, Lazareth\u00a0M, Chevret\u00a0S, Paradis\u00a0V, Magaz\u00a0M, Blaise\u00a0L, et\u00a0al. Liver Stiffness by Transient Elastography to Detect Porto-Sinusoidal Vascular Liver Disease With Portal Hypertension. Hepatology. 2021;74(1):364\u201378.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"11","key":"2808_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2513","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15709","volume":"43","author":"G Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang\u00a0G, Ma\u00a0L, Fu\u00a0L, Li\u00a0M, He\u00a0F, Feng\u00a0L, et\u00a0al. Diagnostic performance of transient elastography in differentiation between porto-sinusoidal vascular liver disease and compensated cirrhosis. Liver Int. 2023;43(11):2513\u201322.","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"2808_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2022.09.018","volume":"55","author":"J Ferreira-Silva","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ferreira-Silva\u00a0J, Gaspar\u00a0R, Liberal\u00a0R, Cardoso\u00a0H, Macedo\u00a0G. Splenic-hepatic elastography index is useful in differentiating between porto-sinusoidal vascular disease and cirrhosis in patients with portal hypertension. Dig Liver Dis. 2023;55(1):75\u201380.","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"2808_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000001004","volume":"81","author":"L Moga","year":"2025","unstructured":"Moga\u00a0L, Paradis\u00a0V, Ferreira-Silva\u00a0J, Gudavalli\u00a0K, Indulti\u00a0F, Dajti\u00a0E, et\u00a0al. Performance of spleen stiffness measurement to rule out high-risk varices in patients with porto-sinusoidal vascular disorder. Hepatology. 2025;81(2):546\u201359.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2808_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12111046","volume":"263","author":"P Sharma","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sharma\u00a0P, Mishra\u00a0SR, Kumar\u00a0M, Sharma\u00a0BC, Sarin\u00a0SK. Liver and spleen stiffness in patients with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction. Radiology. 2012;263(3):893\u20139.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"9","key":"2808_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(24)00155-9","volume":"9","author":"L Elkrief","year":"2024","unstructured":"Elkrief\u00a0L, Hernandez-Gea\u00a0V, Senzolo\u00a0M, Albillos\u00a0A, Baiges\u00a0A, Berzigotti\u00a0A, et\u00a0al. Portal vein thrombosis: diagnosis, management, and endpoints for future clinical studies. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2024;9(9):859\u201383.","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2808_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/1673197","volume":"2019","author":"E Dajti","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dajti\u00a0E, Ravaioli\u00a0F, Colecchia\u00a0A, Marasco\u00a0G, Vestito\u00a0A, Festi\u00a0D. Liver and Spleen Stiffness Measurements for Assessment of Portal Hypertension Severity in Patients with Budd Chiari Syndrome. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;2019:1673197.","journal-title":"Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2808_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.07.013","volume":"79","author":"L T\u00e9llez","year":"2023","unstructured":"T\u00e9llez\u00a0L, Payanc\u00e9\u00a0A, Tjwa\u00a0E, Del Cerro\u00a0MJ, Idorn\u00a0L, Ovroutski\u00a0S, et\u00a0al. EASL-ERN position paper on liver involvement in patients with Fontan-type circulation. J\u00a0Hepatol. 2023;79(5):1270\u2013301.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"}],"container-title":["Wiener klinische Wochenschrift"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00508-026-02808-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00508-026-02808-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00508-026-02808-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T16:04:50Z","timestamp":1788451490000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00508-026-02808-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["2808"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00508-026-02808-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0043-5325","1613-7671"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0043-5325","type":"print"},{"value":"1613-7671","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 August 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors have nothing to disclose regarding the work under consideration for publication. The following authors disclose conflicts of interests outside the submitted work: L.\u00a0Balcar served as an advisory board member for Boehringer Ingelheim and received travel support from Roche. L.\u00a0Simonis has nothing to disclose. M.\u00a0Jachs has served as a\u00a0speaker for Gilead and Echosens and has received grant support from Gilead. L.\u00a0Hartl has nothing to disclose. B.S.\u00a0Hofer received travel support from Ipsen and Falk, speaking honoraria from Gilead, and honoraria for educational materials from Ipsen. B.\u00a0Simbrunner has received travel support from AbbVie, Gilead, and Falk. M.\u00a0Trauner received grant support from Albireo, Alnylam, Cymabay, Falk Pharma, Genentech, Gilead, Intercept, MSD, Takeda and UltraGenyx; honoraria for consulting from AbbVie, Albireo, Agomab, Alfasigma, Boehringer Ingelheim, BiomX, Chemomab, Dexoligo Therapeutics, Falk Pharma, Genfit, Gilead, GSK, Hightide, Intercept\/Advanz Pharma, Ipsen, Janssen, Mirum, MSD, Novartis, Phenex, Pliant, Rectify, Regulus, ProQR Therapeutics, Siemens and Shire; speaker fees from Albireo, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Falk Foundation, Gilead, Ipsen, Intercept, Mirum, MSD and Madrigal, as well as travel support from AbbVie, Falk Foundation, Gilead, Janssen, Intercept and Ipsen. He is also co-inventor of patents on the medical use of 24-norursodeoxycholic acid (service inventions as employee) filed by the Medical University of Graz and Vienna. M.\u00a0Mandorfer served as a\u00a0speaker and\/or consultant and\/or advisory board member for AbbVie, Collective Acumen, Echosens, Falk, Gilead, Ipsen, Takeda, and W.L.\u00a0Gore & Associates and received travel support from AbbVie and Gilead as well as grants\/research support from Echosens. B.\u00a0Scheiner received grant support from AstraZeneca, Eisai and Ipsen, speaker honoraria from AstraZeneca and Eisai as well as travel support from AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Ipsen, Gilead and Roche. T.\u00a0Reiberger received grant support from Abbvie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Gilead, Intercept\/Advanz Pharma, MSD, Myr Pharmaceuticals, Philips Healthcare, Pliant, Siemens and W.L.\u00a0Gore & Associates; speaking\/writing honoraria from Abbvie, Echosens, Gilead, GSK, Intercept\/Advanz Pharma, Pfizer, Roche, MSD, Siemens, W.L.\u00a0Gore & Associates; consulting\/advisory board fee from Abbvie, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Gilead, Intercept\/Advanz Pharma, MSD, Resolution Therapeutics, Siemens; and travel support from Abbvie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Dr. Falk Pharma, Gilead, and Roche. He is a\u00a0section editor of Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift and was recused from every editorial procedure of this submission including peer-review and academic decisions. G.\u00a0Semmler served as a\u00a0speaker for DiaSorin. G.\u00a0Kramer, N.\u00a0Dominik, M.\u00a0Schwarz and A.F.\u00a0St\u00e4ttermayer, declare that they have no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}