{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:21:40Z","timestamp":1772119300105,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645142400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Support Care Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is a frequent complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). HC worsens transplant outcomes and patient wellbeing in terms of pain, hospitalization, and need for supportive care. A deeper understanding of the risk factors of HC may lead to more intensive prevention in high-risk patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this report, we analyzed 237 consecutive patients who received HSCT with the aim of identifying possible risk factors for HC and their consequences, with a particular focus on transplant- and gender-related risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      HC occurred in 17% of patients, with a higher incidence in males (21% vs 11%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03). Risk factors identified for HC included age over 55\u00a0years, male recipient, HLA mismatch, reduced intensity conditioning, and cyclophosphamide-based graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. Increased HC was seen in patients with grade II\u2013IV acute GVHD and detectable BKV and JCV viruria. In a multivariate model, increased age remained significant (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.013). Patients with HC had longer hospitalizations and increased non-relapse mortality (NRM). Among male recipients, independent risk factors for HC included age (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.016) and prostate volume (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.016). Prostatic hyperplasia (volume more than 40 cm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) occurred in 33% of male patients, of which 32% developed HC (compared with 16% of patients without prostatic hyperplasia;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.032).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Age is the most important risk factor for HC. Additional potential risk factors include cyclophosphamide-based GVHD prophylaxis and HLA mismatch. Among male recipients, prostatic hyperplasia is an additional independent risk factor. As HC is common and associated with prolonged hospitalization, more intensive prophylactic strategies should be considered in high-risk patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-022-06916-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T11:04:48Z","timestamp":1645182288000},"page":"4953-4959","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Hemorrhagic cystitis in allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a role for age and prostatic hyperplasia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2839-916X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eugenio","family":"Galli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Sor\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Di Gianfrancesco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Giammarco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Metafuni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Assunta","family":"Limongiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Idanna","family":"Innocenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Autore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Laurenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"Chiusolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Bacigalupo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Sica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"19","key":"6916_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2836","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2019000627","volume":"3","author":"SR Solomon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Solomon SR, St Martin A, Shah NN et al (2019) Myeloablative vs reduced intensity T-cell\u2013replete haploidentical transplantation for hematologic malignancy. 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All patients had provided written informed consent for non-interventional research utilization of their anonymized data.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}