{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T06:10:22Z","timestamp":1739513422479,"version":"3.37.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP21K16857."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21K16857."]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004206","name":"Osaka University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004206","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Support Care Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for head and neck cancer (HNC) often causes dysphagia. The risk of dysphagia increases during CRT tends to become more severe after finishing CRT, and persists for a few weeks thereafter. Thus, understanding the changes in swallowing physiology during and immediately after CRT is essential. This study aimed to clarify the changes in the swallowing response during and early after CRT and identify associated factors.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This retrospective study enrolled 107 patients with HNC who underwent CRT. We measured pharyngeal delay time (PDT) and laryngeal elevation delay time (LEDT) as indicators of the timing of the swallowing response at three time points: at CRT initiation (baseline), at 40-Gy irradiation during CRT (mid-CRT) and within 2\u00a0weeks following the completion of CRT (early post-CRT) as primary outcomes; and subgroup analyses based on clinical parameters, such as tumor sites, T stage, N stage, and opioid use at 40-Gy irradiation as secondary outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Both PDT and LEDT were significantly prolonged between baseline and mid-CRT (PDT: <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003, LEDT: <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002) and between baseline and early post-CRT (PDT, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001; LEDT, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). N2c\/N3 and opioid use at 40-Gy irradiation showed prolonged PDT and LEDT at mid-CRT and early post-CRT.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>PDT and LEDT were prolonged at mid-CRT irradiation and further extended at early post-CRT. Additionally, N2c\/N3 involvement, which typically necessitates bilateral neck irradiation fields and opioid use at mid-CRT, may constitute as risk factors for a delayed swallowing response.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-024-09134-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T20:15:10Z","timestamp":1736885710000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Changes in swallowing response on patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Nao","family":"Hashida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Motoyuki","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiyohito","family":"Hosokawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yukinori","family":"Takenaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takahito","family":"Fukusumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norihiko","family":"Takemoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hidenori","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Kitamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hirotaka","family":"Eguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masanori","family":"Umatani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Itsuki","family":"Kitayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Nozawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chieri","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eri","family":"Okajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hidenori","family":"Inohara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"9134_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2015.49","volume":"12","author":"P Clav\u00e9","year":"2015","unstructured":"Clav\u00e9 P, Shaker R (2015) Dysphagia: current reality and scope of the problem. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 12(5):259\u2013270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrgastro.2015.49","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"9134_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.3332\/ecancer.2020.1133","volume":"14","author":"P Azzam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Azzam P, Mroueh M, Francis M et al (2020) Radiation-induced neuropathies in head and neck cancer: prevention and treatment modalities. Ecancermedicalscience 14:1133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3332\/ecancer.2020.1133","journal-title":"Ecancermedicalscience"},{"issue":"1 Pt 1","key":"9134_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2021.06.020","volume":"121","author":"YH Chiu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chiu YH, Tseng WH, Ko JY et al (2022) Radiation-induced swallowing dysfunction in patients with head and neck cancer: a literature review. J Formos Med Assoc 121(1 Pt 1):3\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jfma.2021.06.020","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"key":"9134_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8617","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.8617","volume":"8","author":"NS Chauhan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chauhan NS, Samuel SR, Meenar N et al (2020) Sarcopenia in male patients with head and neck cancer receiving chemoradiotherapy: a longitudinal pilot study. PeerJ 8:e8617. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.8617","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"8","key":"9134_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2299","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-013-2775-7","volume":"271","author":"T Maruo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Maruo T, Fujimoto Y, Ozawa K et al (2014) Laryngeal sensation and pharyngeal delay time after (chemo)radiotherapy. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 271(8):2299\u20132304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-013-2775-7","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"6","key":"9134_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2011.35.6.781","volume":"35","author":"SJ Jung","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jung SJ, Kim DY, Joo SY (2011) Rick factors associated with aspiration in patients with head and neck cancer. Ann Rehabil Med 35(6):781\u2013790. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5535\/arm.2011.35.6.781","journal-title":"Ann Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"9134_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/s0360-3016(02)02712-8","volume":"53","author":"A Eisbruch","year":"2002","unstructured":"Eisbruch A, Lyden T, Bradford CR et al (2002) Objective assessment of swallowing dysfunction and aspiration after radiation concurrent with chemotherapy for head-and-neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 53(1):23\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0360-3016(02)02712-8","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"issue":"2","key":"9134_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2017.41.2.248","volume":"41","author":"S Kweon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kweon S, Sohn MK, Jeong JO et al (2017) Quality of life and awareness of cardiac rehabilitation program in people with cardiovascular diseases. Ann Rehabil Med 41(2):248\u2013256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5535\/arm.2017.41.2.248","journal-title":"Ann Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"9134_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.10385","volume":"26","author":"T Kotz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kotz T, Costello R, Li Y et al (2004) Swallowing dysfunction after chemoradiation for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Head Neck 26(4):365\u2013372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hed.10385","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"9134_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s41199-020-00055-5","volume":"5","author":"A Ohkoshi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ohkoshi A, Kato K, Ogawa T et al (2020) Improvement of a delayed swallowing reflex following treatment for advanced head and neck cancer. Cancers Head Neck 5:8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41199-020-00055-5","journal-title":"Cancers Head Neck"},{"issue":"12","key":"9134_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2793","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23588","volume":"122","author":"H Miyaji","year":"2012","unstructured":"Miyaji H, Umezaki T, Adachi K et al (2012) Videofluoroscopic assessment of pharyngeal stage delay reflects pathophysiology after brain infarction. Laryngoscope 122(12):2793\u20132799. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.23588","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"2","key":"9134_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3702.314","volume":"37","author":"AW Rademaker","year":"1994","unstructured":"Rademaker AW, Pauloski BR, Logemann JA et al (1994) Oropharyngeal swallow efficiency as a representative measure of swallowing function. J Speech Hear Res 37(2):314\u2013325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1044\/jshr.3702.314","journal-title":"J Speech Hear Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"9134_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00417897","volume":"11","author":"JC Rosenbek","year":"1996","unstructured":"Rosenbek JC, Robbins JA, Roecker EB et al (1996) A penetration-aspiration scale. Dysphagia 11(2):93\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00417897","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"issue":"8","key":"9134_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2004.11.049","volume":"86","author":"MA Crary","year":"2005","unstructured":"Crary MA, Mann GD, Groher ME (2005) Initial psychometric assessment of a functional oral intake scale for dysphagia in stroke patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 86(8):1516\u20131520. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2004.11.049","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"9134_CR15","unstructured":"Nielsen S, Degenhardt L, Hoban B et al (2014) Comparing opioids: a guide to estimating oral morphine equivalents (OME) in research. Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre. Technical Report No. 329, University of NSW: Sydney, Australia, 2014; Available online: https:\/\/ndarc.med.unsw.edu.au\/sites\/default\/files\/ndarc\/resources\/TR.329.pdf. Accessed 6 Jan 2025"},{"issue":"6","key":"9134_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2016.40.6.1100","volume":"40","author":"S Kweon","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kweon S, Koo BS, Jee S (2016) Change of swallowing in patients with head and neck cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Ann Rehabil Med 40(6):1100\u20131107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5535\/arm.2016.40.6.1100","journal-title":"Ann Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"9134_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.3857\/roj.2020.00213","volume":"38","author":"I Brook","year":"2020","unstructured":"Brook I (2020) Late side effects of radiation treatment for head and neck cancer. Radiat Oncol J 38(2):84\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3857\/roj.2020.00213","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol J"},{"issue":"3","key":"9134_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-016-9710-1","volume":"31","author":"SN King","year":"2016","unstructured":"King SN, Dunlap NE, Tennant PA et al (2016) Pathophysiology of radiation-induced dysphagia in head and neck cancer. Dysphagia 31(3):339\u2013351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-016-9710-1","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"issue":"4","key":"9134_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-022-10526-1","volume":"38","author":"C Jeans","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jeans C, Brown B, Ward EC et al (2023) A prospective, longitudinal and exploratory study of head and neck lymphoedema and dysphagia following chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Dysphagia 38(4):1059\u20131071. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-022-10526-1","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"issue":"46","key":"9134_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e23177","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000023177","volume":"99","author":"JW Kim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kim JW, Choi H, Jung J et al (2020) Risk factors for aspiration pneumonia in patients with dysphagia undergoing videofluoroscopic swallowing studies: a retrospective cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 99(46):e23177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000023177","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"3","key":"9134_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1159\/000266348","volume":"47","author":"JA Logemann","year":"1995","unstructured":"Logemann JA (1995) Dysphagia: evaluation and treatment. Folia Phoniatr Logop 47(3):140\u2013164. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000266348","journal-title":"Folia Phoniatr Logop"},{"issue":"3","key":"9134_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2007\/041)","volume":"50","author":"B Martin-Harris","year":"2007","unstructured":"Martin-Harris B, Brodsky MB, Michel Y et al (2007) Delayed initiation of the pharyngeal swallow: normal variability in adult swallows. J Speech Lang Hear Res 50(3):585\u2013594. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1044\/1092-4388(2007\/041)","journal-title":"J Speech Lang Hear Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"9134_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1124027","volume":"29","author":"AB Erman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Erman AB, Kejner AE, Hogikyan ND et al (2009) Disorders of cranial nerves IX and X. Semin Neurol 29(1):85\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0028-1124027","journal-title":"Semin Neurol"},{"key":"9134_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2012.00489","volume":"3","author":"T Nishino","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nishino T (2012) The swallowing reflex and its significance as an airway defensive reflex. Front Physiol 3:489. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2012.00489","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"9134_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00009598","volume":"14","author":"PS Huggins","year":"1999","unstructured":"Huggins PS, Tuomi SK, Young C (1999) Effects of nasogastric tubes on the young, normal swallowing mechanism. Dysphagia 14(3):157\u2013161. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/PL00009598","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"issue":"9","key":"9134_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2006.05.019","volume":"87","author":"TG Wang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wang TG, Wu MC, Chang YC et al (2006) The effect of nasogastric tubes on swallowing function in persons with dysphagia following stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 87(9):1270\u20131273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2006.05.019","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"}],"container-title":["Supportive Care in Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00520-024-09134-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00520-024-09134-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00520-024-09134-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T05:44:05Z","timestamp":1739511845000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00520-024-09134-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["9134"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00520-024-09134-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0941-4355","1433-7339"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0941-4355"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1433-7339"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 June 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study followed the ethical standards in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments and was approved by the ethics committee of Osaka University Hospital (approval number 16329\u20132). The ethics committee of our hospital waived the need for informed consent because of the retrospective nature of the study. However, comprehensive informed consent was obtained from all patients prior to treatment. Additional opt-out technique through an online announcement on the hospital\u2019s webpage was used to provide an opportunity for patients to withdraw in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"97"}}