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Evidence of the overall estimated prevalence of cancer-related cognitive impairment following CAR T-cell therapy among patients with hematologic malignancies at short-term and long-term follow-ups is lacking. This review aimed to summarize the cognitive functioning status and estimate the prevalence of cancer-related cognitive impairment at follow-up within 1\u00a0month, 1 to 12\u00a0months, and\u2009&gt;\u200912\u00a0months after CAR T cell therapy.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CINAHL Plus, Web of Science, and PsycINFO via ProQuest from inception through August 2024. Studies that reported on cognitive impairment among patients receiving CAR T cell therapy with valid measures were included. Data on cognitive impairment prevalence were pooled using a random-effects model.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In total, 16 studies involving 1407 patients were included. The pooled cancer-related cognitive impairment prevalence rates assessed using neuropsychological tests at the follow-up timepoints (&lt;\u20091\u00a0month, 1\u201312\u00a0months, and\u2009&gt;\u200912\u00a0months) were 24% [95% prediction interval (PI) 16\u201333%], 33% (95%, PI 9\u201364%), and 35% (95%, PI 23\u201348%), respectively. The prevalence estimates assessed using other measures were ranging from 4 to 38% across different timepoints. The leave-one-out meta-analyses quantified the impact of these potential outliers on the estimation of the overall prevalence.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The findings stress the importance of developing targeted interventions to prevent or manage cognitive impairment in cancer patients during both short-term and long-term follow-up periods. This review also highlights the need for further research in this area to improve our understanding of the disease mechanisms and implement preventive strategies for managing cancer-related cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-025-09356-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T06:45:28Z","timestamp":1742712328000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Cancer-related cognitive impairment in patients with hematologic malignancies after CAR T cell therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9443-4082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mu-Hsing","family":"Ho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8741-9271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denise Shuk Ting","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3374-1078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tongyao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5424-3705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lizhen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2440-1239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin Wei Ho","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9551-0991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chia-Chin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"9356_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdz410","volume":"30","author":"M Lange","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lange M, Joly F, Vardy J, Ahles T, Dubois M, Tron L, Winocur G, De Ruiter MB, Castel H (2019) Cancer-related cognitive impairment: an update on state of the art, detection, and management strategies in cancer survivors. 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