{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T18:46:29Z","timestamp":1792089989981,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Support Care Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate outcomes of a multimodal prehabilitation service for cancer surgery patients delivered through three pathways (Specialised, Targeted, Universal) within routine NHS care at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This was a retrospective observational service evaluation of routine care data collected between 2022 and 2025. Of 1961 referred patients, 1720 were analysed: Specialised (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009329), Targeted (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009943), and Universal (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009448). Multimodal prehabilitation included exercise, nutrition, and psychological support, stratified by risk. Functional capacity was assessed using the Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT), 60-s Sit-to-Stand (STS), and grip strength. Psychological well-being was measured using the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Physical activity behaviour was also recorded.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All pathways showed significant within-group improvements. ISWT increased by 57 m (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001,\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.6) and STS by 6 repetitions (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001,\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.9). Anxiety (\u0394 \u20131.9) and depression (\u0394 \u20132.0) scores decreased (both\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001,\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2248 \u20130.5). Weekly physical activity rose by 142 min (\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.07), and strength sessions increased by 2.4 per week (\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.1). Between-group differences were limited: PHQ-9 improved more in Specialised versus Targeted, and strength sessions increased more in Universal versus Targeted.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A tiered, multimodal prehabilitation service integrated into cancer pathways produced meaningful functional, psychological, and behavioural benefits, supporting broader implementation and improved patient access.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-026-11113-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T22:37:36Z","timestamp":1789425456000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Delivering prehabilitation in cancer surgery: a service evaluation at Nottingham University Hospitals"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Abdulrahman","family":"Alharbi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayleen","family":"Haywood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominic","family":"O\u2019Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"11113_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(15)00223-5","volume":"16","author":"R Sullivan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sullivan R, Alatise OI, Anderson BO, Audisio R, Autier P, Aggarwal A et al (2015) Global cancer surgery: delivering safe, affordable, and timely cancer surgery. Lancet Oncol 16(11):1193\u20131224","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"11113_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199412000-00006","volume":"220","author":"P McAleese","year":"1994","unstructured":"McAleese P, Odling-Smee W (1994) The effect of complications on length of stay. Ann Surg 220(6):740","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"11113_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000000312","volume":"258","author":"RP Merkow","year":"2013","unstructured":"Merkow RP, Bentrem DJ, Mulcahy MF, Chung JW, Abbott DE, Kmiecik TE et al (2013) Effect of postoperative complications on adjuvant chemotherapy use for stage III colon cancer. Ann Surg 258(6):847\u2013853","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"11113_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e375","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000004243","volume":"275","author":"SM Stokes","year":"2022","unstructured":"Stokes SM, Scaife CL, Brooke BS, Glasgow RE, Mulvihill SJ, Finlayson SRG et al (2022) Hospital costs following surgical complications: a value-driven outcomes analysis of cost savings due to complication prevention. Ann Surg 275(2):e375\u2013e381","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"11113_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2016.09.002","volume":"28","author":"F Carli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carli F, Silver JK, Feldman LS, McKee A, Gilman S, Gillis C et al (2017) Surgical prehabilitation in patients with cancer: state-of-the-science and recommendations for future research from a panel of subject matter experts. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 28(1):49\u201364","journal-title":"Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"11113_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1097\/AIA.0000000000000481","volume":"63","author":"DZH Levett","year":"2025","unstructured":"Levett DZH, Grocott MPW (2025) Prehabilitation: impact on postoperative outcomes. Int Anesthesiol Clin 63(3):68\u201376","journal-title":"Int Anesthesiol Clin"},{"key":"11113_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191602162412486","DOI":"10.1177\/19160216241248666","volume":"53","author":"LE Gosselin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gosselin LE, Villemure-Poliquin N, Audet N (2024) Quality of life after head and neck cancer surgery and free flap reconstruction: a systematic review. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 53:19160216241248664","journal-title":"J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"11113_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physio.2013.08.008","volume":"100","author":"D Santa Mina","year":"2014","unstructured":"Santa Mina D, Clarke H, Ritvo P, Leung YW, Matthew AG, Katz J et al (2014) Effect of total-body prehabilitation on postoperative outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Physiotherapy 100(3):196\u2013207","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"issue":"8","key":"11113_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e31829b4afe","volume":"92","author":"JK Silver","year":"2013","unstructured":"Silver JK, Baima J (2013) Cancer prehabilitation: an opportunity to decrease treatment-related morbidity, increase cancer treatment options, and improve physical and psychological health outcomes. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 92(8):715\u2013727","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"11113_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.09.016","volume":"130","author":"DN Lobo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lobo DN, Pavel S, Gomez D, Greenhaff PL (2023) Prehabilitation: high-quality evidence is still required. Br J Anaesth 130(1):9\u201314","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"2","key":"11113_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e299","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000004702","volume":"275","author":"AEM Berkel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Berkel AEM, Bongers BC, Kotte H, Weltevreden P, de Jongh FHC, Eijsvogel MMM et al (2022) Effects of community-based exercise prehabilitation for patients scheduled for colorectal surgery with high risk for postoperative complications: results of a randomized clinical trial. Ann Surg 275(2):e299\u2013e306","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"11113_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barberan-Garcia A, Ubr\u00e9 M, Roca J, Lacy AM, Burgos F, Risco R, et al. (2018) Personalised prehabilitation in high-risk patients undergoing elective major abdominal surgery: a randomized blinded controlled trial. Annals Surg 2018;267(1).","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000002293"},{"issue":"1","key":"11113_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.05.034","volume":"130","author":"P Bradley","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bradley P, Merchant Z, Rowlinson-Groves K, Taylor M, Moore J, Evison M (2023) Feasibility and outcomes of a real-world regional lung cancer prehabilitation programme in the UK. Br J Anaesth 130(1):e47\u2013e55","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"1","key":"11113_CR14","first-page":"10793","volume":"50","author":"LCB Groen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Groen LCB, van Gestel T, Daams F, van den Heuvel B, Taveirne A, Bruns ERJ et al (2024) Community-based prehabilitation in older patients and high-risk patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery. Eur J Surg Oncol 50(1):10793","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"11113_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-021-06437-w","volume":"21","author":"JL Waterland","year":"2021","unstructured":"Waterland JL, Chahal R, Ismail H, Sinton C, Riedel B, Francis JJ et al (2021) Implementing a telehealth prehabilitation education session for patients preparing for major cancer surgery. BMC Health Serv Res 21(1):443","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"11113_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-021-08365-6","volume":"36","author":"E Waller","year":"2022","unstructured":"Waller E, Sutton P, Rahman S, Allen J, Saxton J, Aziz O (2022) Prehabilitation with wearables versus standard of care before major abdominal cancer surgery: a randomised controlled pilot study (trial registration: NCT04047524). Surg Endosc 36(2):1008\u20131017","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"11113_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.01.024","volume":"66","author":"A Moyen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Moyen A, Keane C, Chen Y, Tahasildar B, Lambert G, Drummond K et al (2025) Feasibility of a virtual multimodal prehabilitation intervention for patients with cancer undergoing surgery. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN 66:121\u2013134","journal-title":"Clinical Nutrition ESPEN"},{"issue":"2","key":"11113_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2020.1762770","volume":"44","author":"A Beck","year":"2022","unstructured":"Beck A, Thaysen HV, Soegaard CH, Blaakaer J, Seibaek L (2022) Investigating the experiences, thoughts, and feelings underlying and influencing prehabilitation among cancer patients: a qualitative perspective on the what, when, where, who, and why. Disabil Rehabil 44(2):202\u2013209","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"issue":"9","key":"11113_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e062526","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-062526","volume":"12","author":"M Cooper","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cooper M, Chmelo J, Sinclair RC, Charman S, Hallsworth K, Welford J et al (2022) Exploring factors influencing uptake and adherence to a home-based prehabilitation physical activity and exercise intervention for patients undergoing chemotherapy before major surgery (ChemoFit): a qualitative study. BMJ Open 12(9):e062526","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"11113_CR20","volume-title":"Principles and guidance for prehabilitation within the management and support of people with cancer","author":"Macmillan Cancer Support RCoA","year":"2020","unstructured":"Macmillan Cancer Support RCoA, National Institute for Health R (2020) Principles and guidance for prehabilitation within the management and support of people with cancer. Macmillan Cancer Support"},{"issue":"1","key":"11113_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgo.2017.07.011","volume":"9","author":"M Schmidt","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schmidt M, Eckardt R, Altmeppen S, Wernecke K-D, Spies C (2018) Functional impairment prior to major non-cardiac surgery is associated with mortality within one year in elderly patients with gastrointestinal, gynaecological and urogenital cancer: a prospective observational cohort study. Journal of geriatric oncology 9(1):53\u201359","journal-title":"Journal of geriatric oncology"},{"issue":"5","key":"11113_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2016.05.014","volume":"160","author":"J Moran","year":"2016","unstructured":"Moran J, Guinan E, McCormick P, Larkin J, Mockler D, Hussey J et al (2016) The ability of prehabilitation to influence postoperative outcome after intra-abdominal operation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Surgery 160(5):1189\u20131201","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"11113_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-019-04287-w","volume":"24","author":"P Heger","year":"2020","unstructured":"Heger P, Probst P, Wiskemann J, Steindorf K, Diener MK, Mihaljevic AL (2020) A systematic review and meta-analysis of physical exercise prehabilitation in major abdominal surgery (PROSPERO 2017 CRD42017080366). J Gastrointest Surg 24(6):1375\u20131385","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"11113_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000001030","volume":"36","author":"G Thomas","year":"2019","unstructured":"Thomas G, Tahir MR, Bongers BC, Kallen VL, Slooter GD, van Meeteren NL (2019) Prehabilitation before major intra-abdominal cancer surgery: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Eur J Anaesthesiol 36(12):933\u201345","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"11113_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.13239","volume":"62","author":"DA Milder","year":"2018","unstructured":"Milder DA, Pillinger NL, Kam PC (2018) The role of prehabilitation in frail surgical patients: a systematic review. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 62(10):1356\u20131366","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"issue":"8","key":"11113_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"O267","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.13429","volume":"18","author":"E Bruns","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bruns E, van den Heuvel B, Buskens C, Van Duijvendijk P, Festen S, Wassenaar E et al (2016) The effects of physical prehabilitation in elderly patients undergoing colorectal surgery: a systematic review. Colorectal Dis 18(8):O267\u2013O277","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"11113_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2017.01.111","volume":"39","author":"Y Hijazi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hijazi Y, Gondal U, Aziz O (2017) A systematic review of prehabilitation programs in abdominal cancer surgery. Int J Surg 39:156\u2013162","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"11113_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2781","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-018-4569-y","volume":"42","author":"A Luther","year":"2018","unstructured":"Luther A, Gabriel J, Watson RP, Francis NK (2018) The impact of total body prehabilitation on post-operative outcomes after major abdominal surgery: a systematic review. World J Surg 42(9):2781\u20132791","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"11113_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11124\/jbisrir-2015-1885","author":"CJ Cabilan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cabilan CJ, Hines S, Munday J (2015) The effectiveness of prehabilitation or preoperative exercise for surgical patients: a systematic review. JBI Database Syst Rev Implement Rep. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11124\/jbisrir-2015-1885","journal-title":"JBI Database Syst Rev Implement Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"11113_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.11.014","volume":"128","author":"DI McIsaac","year":"2022","unstructured":"McIsaac DI, Gill M, Boland L, Hutton B, Branje K, Shaw J et al (2022) Prehabilitation in adult patients undergoing surgery: an umbrella review of systematic reviews. Br J Anaesth 128(2):244\u2013257","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"3","key":"11113_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004342","volume":"131","author":"Z Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu Z, Qiu T, Pei L, Zhang Y, Xu L, Cui Y et al (2020) Two-week multimodal prehabilitation program improves perioperative functional capability in patients undergoing thoracoscopic lobectomy for lung cancer: a randomized controlled trial. Anesth Analg 131(3):840\u2013849","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"4","key":"11113_CR32","first-page":"e13023","volume":"28","author":"S Faithfull","year":"2019","unstructured":"Faithfull S, Turner L, Poole K, Joy M, Manders R, Weprin J et al (2019) Prehabilitation for adults diagnosed with cancer: a systematic review of long-term physical function, nutrition and patient-reported outcomes. Eur J Cancer Care 28(4):e13023","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"11113_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgo.2019.05.001","volume":"11","author":"CS Agasi-Idenburg","year":"2020","unstructured":"Agasi-Idenburg CS, Zuilen MK-v, Westerman MJ, Punt CJA, Aaronson NK, Stuiver MM (2020) \u201cI am busy surviving\u201d - views about physical exercise in older adults scheduled for colorectal cancer surgery. J Geriatr Oncol 11(3):444\u2013450","journal-title":"J Geriatr Oncol"},{"issue":"20","key":"11113_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5930","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2021.1952319","volume":"44","author":"V Van Der Zanden","year":"2022","unstructured":"Van Der Zanden V, Van Der Zaag-Loonen HJ, Paarlberg KM, Meijer WJ, Mourits MJE, Van Munster BC (2022) PREsurgery thoughts \u2013 thoughts on prehabilitation in oncologic gynecologic surgery, a qualitative template analysis in older adults and their healthcare professionals. Disabil Rehabil 44(20):5930\u20135940","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"11113_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-024-10665-1","volume":"24","author":"AF Sontag","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sontag AF, Kiselev J, Schaller SJ, Spies C, Rombey T (2024) Facilitators and barriers to the implementation of prehabilitation for frail patients into routine health care: a realist review. BMC Health Serv Res 24(1):192","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"11113_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s13741-024-00481-w","volume":"14","author":"AD Talen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Talen AD, van Meeteren NLU, Barten JA, Pereboom I, Krijnen WP, Jager-Wittenaar H et al (2025) The challenges of evidence-based prehabilitation in a real-life context for patients preparing for colorectal surgery\u2014a cohort study and multiple case analysis. Perioperative Medicine 14(1):7","journal-title":"Perioperative Medicine"},{"issue":"12","key":"11113_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7785","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-021-06343-1","volume":"29","author":"F L\u00f3pez-Rodr\u00edguez-Arias","year":"2021","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-Rodr\u00edguez-Arias F, S\u00e1nchez-Guill\u00e9n L, Aranaz-Ost\u00e1riz V, Triguero-C\u00e1novas D, Lario-P\u00e9rez S, Barber-Valles X et al (2021) Effect of home-based prehabilitation in an enhanced recovery after surgery program for patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. Support Care Cancer 29(12):7785\u20137791","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"11113_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1080\/0284186X.2017.1423180","volume":"57","author":"G Bousquet-Dion","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bousquet-Dion G, Awasthi R, Loiselle S-\u00c8, Minnella EM, Agnihotram RV, Bergdahl A et al (2018) Evaluation of supervised multimodal prehabilitation programme in cancer patients undergoing colorectal resection: a randomized control trial. Acta Oncol 57(6):849\u2013859","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"11113_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000004901","volume":"275","author":"A Onerup","year":"2022","unstructured":"Onerup A, Andersson J, Angenete E, Bock D, B\u00f6rjesson M, Ehrencrona C et al (2022) Effect of short-term homebased pre- and postoperative exercise on recovery after colorectal cancer surgery (PHYSSURG-C): a randomized clinical trial. Ann Surg 275(3):448\u2013455","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"11113_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000000987","volume":"61","author":"V Bolshinsky","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bolshinsky V, Li MH-G, Ismail H, Burbury K, Riedel B, Heriot A (2018) Multimodal prehabilitation programs as a bundle of care in gastrointestinal cancer surgery: a systematic review. Dis Colon Rectum 61(1):124\u2013138","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"1","key":"11113_CR41","volume":"17","author":"EH Mohamed","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mohamed EH, Khalid SA, Ul Haq E, Abougendy IS, Qadeer S (2025) Effectiveness of prehabilitation programs in reducing the length of hospital stay and complication rates in major surgeries: a systematic review. Cureus 17(1):e76932","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"11113_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2024-081164","volume":"388","author":"DI McIsaac","year":"2025","unstructured":"McIsaac DI, Kidd G, Gillis C, Branje K, Al-Bayati M, Baxi A et al (2025) Relative efficacy of prehabilitation interventions and their components: systematic review with network and component network meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials. BMJ 388:e081164","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"6","key":"11113_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2417310","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.17310","volume":"7","author":"KM Sauro","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sauro KM, Smith C, Ibadin S, Thomas A, Ganshorn H, Bakunda L et al (2024) Enhanced recovery after surgery guidelines and hospital length of stay, readmission, complications, and mortality: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. JAMA Netw Open 7(6):e2417310","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"11113_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1002\/ncp.10787","volume":"37","author":"FH Koh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Koh FH, Loh CH, Tan WJ, Ho LML, Yen D, Chua JMW et al (2022) Structured presurgery prehabilitation for aged patients undergoing elective surgery significantly improves surgical outcomes and reduces cost: a nonrandomized sequential comparative prospective cohort study. Nutr Clin Pract 37(3):645\u2013653","journal-title":"Nutr Clin Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"11113_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e217","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000005662","volume":"278","author":"R Risco","year":"2023","unstructured":"Risco R, Gonz\u00e1lez-Colom R, Montan\u00e9-Muntan\u00e9 M, Cano I, Vela E, Sebio R et al (2023) Actionable factors fostering health value generation and scalability of prehabilitation: a prospective cohort study. Ann Surg 278(2):e217\u2013e225","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"11113_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e92","DOI":"10.3802\/jgo.2021.32.e92","volume":"32","author":"J Dholakia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dholakia J, Cohn DE, Straughn JM, Dilley SE (2021) Prehabilitation for medically frail patients undergoing surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer: a cost-effectiveness analysis. J Gynecol Oncol 32(6):e92","journal-title":"J Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"11113_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-023-02977-6","volume":"21","author":"T Rombey","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rombey T, Eckhardt H, Kiselev J, Silzle J, Mathes T, Quentin W (2023) Cost-effectiveness of prehabilitation prior to elective surgery: a systematic review of economic evaluations. BMC Med 21(1):265","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"11113_CR48","unstructured":"NHS. Service Evaluation Toolkit: National Health Service; 2015 [Available from: https:\/\/nhsevaluationtoolkit.net\/."},{"issue":"8","key":"11113_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2013-002757","volume":"23","author":"C Vincent","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vincent C, Burnett S, Carthey J (2014) Safety measurement and monitoring in healthcare: a framework to guide clinical teams and healthcare organisations in maintaining safety. BMJ Qual Saf 23(8):670\u2013677","journal-title":"BMJ Qual Saf"},{"key":"11113_CR50","unstructured":"Health Research Authority. What approvals and decisions do I need? 2025 [updated 2025\/02\/21. Available from: https:\/\/www.hra.nhs.uk."},{"issue":"12","key":"11113_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2015-004411","volume":"25","author":"G Ogrinc","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ogrinc G, Davies L, Goodman D, Batalden P, Davidoff F, Stevens D (2016) SQUIRE 2.0 (Standards for quality improvement reporting excellence): revised publication guidelines from a detailed consensus process. BMJ Qual Saf 25(12):986\u201392","journal-title":"BMJ Qual Saf"},{"key":"11113_CR52","unstructured":"Haywood A. Exercise stratification guidelines for NUH Prehab. 2024 2024."},{"issue":"2","key":"11113_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1183\/20734735.021314","volume":"11","author":"AE Holland","year":"2015","unstructured":"Holland AE, Spruit MA, Singh SJ (2015) How to carry out a field walking test in chronic respiratory disease. Breathe (Sheff) 11(2):128\u2013139","journal-title":"Breathe (Sheff)"},{"issue":"2","key":"11113_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.3109\/0284186X.2010.529461","volume":"50","author":"AH Andersen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Andersen AH, Vinther A, Poulsen L-L, Mellemgaard A (2011) Do patients with lung cancer benefit from physical exercise? Acta Oncol 50(2):307\u2013313","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"11113_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2023.107264","author":"O McDonald","year":"2023","unstructured":"McDonald O, Perraton L, Osadnik C (2023) Validity and clinical applicability of the 60-second sit-to-stand test in people with acute exacerbations of COPD. Respir Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2023.107264","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"11113_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1097\/HCR.0000000000000336","volume":"39","author":"RW Bohannon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bohannon RW, Crouch R (2019) 1-minute sit-to-stand test: systematic review of procedures, performance, and clinimetric propertieS. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 39(1):2\u20138","journal-title":"J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev"},{"issue":"3","key":"11113_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2020.06.009","volume":"10","author":"P Soysal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Soysal P, Hurst C, Demurtas J, Firth J, Howden R, Yang L et al (2021) Handgrip strength and health outcomes: Umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of observational studies. J Sport Health Sci 10(3):290\u2013295","journal-title":"J Sport Health Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"11113_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","volume":"16","author":"K Kroenke","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB (2001) The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med 16(9):606\u2013613","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"11113_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","volume":"166","author":"RL Spitzer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB, L\u00f6we B (2006) A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Arch Intern Med 166(10):1092\u20131097","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"11113_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2187","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-022-04088-w","volume":"148","author":"R Falz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Falz R, Bischoff C, Thieme R, L\u00e4ssing J, Mehdorn M, Stelzner S et al (2022) Effects and duration of exercise-based prehabilitation in surgical therapy of colon and rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 148(9):2187\u20132213","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"11","key":"11113_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3813","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14113813","volume":"14","author":"R Risco","year":"2025","unstructured":"Risco R, Sebio-Garc\u00eda R, Gonz\u00e1lez-Colom R, Ubr\u00e9 M, Dana F, Iglesias-Garc\u00eda E et al (2025) Adherence to exercise training within a multimodal prehabilitation program: an exploratory study of influencing factors. J Clin Med 14(11):3813","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"11113_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-023-01474-6","volume":"20","author":"M van der Velde","year":"2023","unstructured":"van der Velde M, van der Leeden M, Geleijn E, Veenhof C, Valkenet K (2023) What moves patients to participate in prehabilitation before major surgery? A mixed methods systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 20(1):75","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act"},{"issue":"1","key":"11113_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1007\/s40140-021-00505-x","volume":"12","author":"C Grimmett","year":"2022","unstructured":"Grimmett C, Heneka N, Chambers S (2022) Psychological interventions prior to cancer surgery: a review of reviews. Curr Anesthesiol Rep 12(1):78\u201387","journal-title":"Curr Anesthesiol Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"11113_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291720003700","volume":"52","author":"D Kounali","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kounali D, Button KS, Lewis G, Gilbody S, Kessler D, Araya R et al (2022) How much change is enough? Evidence from a longitudinal study on depression in UK primary care. Psychol Med 52(10):1875\u20131882","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"11113_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-023-11717-1","volume":"23","author":"R Powell","year":"2023","unstructured":"Powell R, Davies A, Rowlinson-Groves K, French DP, Moore J, Merchant Z (2023) Impact of a prehabilitation and recovery programme on emotional well-being in individuals undergoing cancer surgery: a multi-perspective qualitative study. BMC Cancer 23(1):1232","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"11113_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000006677","volume":"281","author":"AE Hall","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hall AE, Nguyen NH, Cascavita CT, Shariati K, Patel AK, Chen W et al (2025) The impact of psychological prehabilitation on surgical outcomes: a meta-analysis and meta-regression. Ann Surg 281(6):928\u2013941","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"11113_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0316853","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0316853","volume":"20","author":"M Grapp","year":"2025","unstructured":"Grapp M, Bugaj TJ, Terhoeven V, Friederich HC, Maatouk I (2025) Screening for anxiety in patients with cancer: diagnostic accuracy of GAD-7 items considering lowered GAD-7 cut-offs. PLoS ONE 20(1):e0316853","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"11113_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.01.032","volume":"265","author":"A Toussaint","year":"2020","unstructured":"Toussaint A, H\u00fcsing P, Gumz A, Wingenfeld K, H\u00e4rter M, Schramm E et al (2020) Sensitivity to change and minimal clinically important difference of the 7-item generalized anxiety disorder questionnaire (GAD-7). J Affect Disord 265:395\u2013401","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"11113_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.4103\/lungindia.lungindia_168_24","volume":"41","author":"IS Sehgal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sehgal IS, Dhooria S, Muthu V, Prasad KT, Soundappan K, Aggarwal AN et al (2024) The minimal important difference of one-minute-sit-to-stand test in subjects with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis. Lung India 41(5):353\u2013356","journal-title":"Lung India"},{"issue":"suppl 62","key":"11113_CR70","volume":"52","author":"T Schneeberger","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schneeberger T, Gloeckl R, Jarosch I, Drechsel F, Koczulla AR, Kenn K (2018) The minimal important difference for the 1-minute sit-to-stand test following pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with COPD \u2013 a prospective observational trial. Eur Respir J 52(suppl 62):PA1431","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"6","key":"11113_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1007\/s00038-013-0504-z","volume":"58","author":"A Strassmann","year":"2013","unstructured":"Strassmann A, Steurer-Stey C, Lana KD, Zoller M, Turk AJ, Suter P et al (2013) Population-based reference values for the 1-min sit-to-stand test. Int J Public Health 58(6):949\u2013953","journal-title":"Int J Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"11113_CR72","first-page":"497","volume":"20","author":"G Butson","year":"2024","unstructured":"Butson G, Edbrooke L, Ismail H, Denehy L (2024) Centre for Prehabilitation and Peri-operative Care (CPPOC) Exercise capacity prior to major cancer surgery: A cross-sectional observational study of the validity of the 6-minute walk and 30-second sit-to-stand tests. Asia-Pacific J Clinic Oncol 20(4):497\u2013506","journal-title":"Asia-Pacific J Clinic Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"11113_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2025.03.002","volume":"34","author":"FK O\u2019Connor","year":"2025","unstructured":"O\u2019Connor FK, Chen D, Sharma P, Adsett J, Hwang R, Roberts L et al (2025) Physiological responses to sit-to-stand and six-minute walk tests in heart failure: a randomised trial. Heart Lung Circ 34(8):789\u2013797","journal-title":"Heart Lung Circ"},{"issue":"5","key":"11113_CR74","first-page":"907","volume":"17","author":"DH Lein Jr.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lein DH Jr., Alotaibi M, Almutairi M, Singh H (2022) Normative reference values and validity for the 30-second chair-stand test in healthy young adults. Int J Sports Phys Ther 17(5):907\u2013914","journal-title":"Int J Sports Phys Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"11113_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9489","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000009489","volume":"97","author":"HN Gurses","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gurses HN, Zeren M, Denizoglu Kulli H, Durgut E (2018) The relationship of sit-to-stand tests with 6-minute walk test in healthy young adults. Medicine 97(1):e9489","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"11113_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"00601","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00601-2024","volume":"11","author":"J Zatloukal","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zatloukal J, Houchen-Wolloff L, Ward S, Khan F, Singh SJ (2025) Minimum important difference of shuttle walk tests in patients with interstitial lung disease following pulmonary rehabilitation. ERJ Open Research 11(2):00601\u201302024","journal-title":"ERJ Open Research"},{"issue":"10","key":"11113_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2018-212725","volume":"74","author":"RA Evans","year":"2019","unstructured":"Evans RA, Singh SJ (2019) Minimum important difference of the incremental shuttle walk test distance in patients with COPD. Thorax 74(10):994\u2013995","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"11","key":"11113_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2375","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002116","volume":"51","author":"KL Campbell","year":"2019","unstructured":"Campbell KL, Winters-Stone KM, Wiskemann J, May AM, Schwartz AL, Courneya KS et al (2019) Exercise guidelines for cancer survivors: consensus statement from international multidisciplinary roundtable. Med Sci Sports Exerc 51(11):2375\u20132390","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"11113_CR79","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020. Report No.: 9789240015128."},{"key":"11113_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14174154","author":"W Misi\u0105g","year":"2022","unstructured":"Misi\u0105g W, Piszczyk A, Szyma\u0144ska-Chabowska A, Chabowski M (2022) Physical activity and cancer care-a review. Cancers (Basel). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers14174154","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"11113_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-5-56","volume":"5","author":"SA Prince","year":"2008","unstructured":"Prince SA, Adamo KB, Hamel ME, Hardt J, Connor Gorber S, Tremblay M (2008) A comparison of direct versus self-report measures for assessing physical activity in adults: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 5:56","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act"},{"issue":"1","key":"11113_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-6-42","volume":"6","author":"S Michie","year":"2011","unstructured":"Michie S, van Stralen MM, West R (2011) The behaviour change wheel: a new method for characterising and designing behaviour change interventions. Implement Sci 6(1):42","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"key":"11113_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634223","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.634223","volume":"12","author":"C Grimmett","year":"2021","unstructured":"Grimmett C, Bradbury K, Dalton SO, Fecher-Jones I, Hoedjes M, Varkonyi-Sepp J et al (2021) The role of behavioral science in personalized multimodal prehabilitation in cancer. Front Psychol 12:634223","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"10","key":"11113_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases12100236","volume":"12","author":"TA Loweth","year":"2024","unstructured":"Loweth TA, Taylor SR, Mapp G, Bebbington K, Atkin N, Kite C (2024) iCan, Empowering recovery: evaluating a patient-centred cancer rehabilitation programme across the cancer care continuum. Diseases 12(10):236","journal-title":"Diseases"},{"issue":"6","key":"11113_CR85","first-page":"468","volume":"69","author":"KH Schmitz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schmitz KH, Campbell AM, Stuiver MM, Pinto BM, Schwartz AL, Morris GS et al (2019) Exercise is medicine in oncology: engaging clinicians to help patients move through cancer. CA Cancer J Clin 69(6):468\u2013484","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"}],"container-title":["Supportive Care in Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00520-026-11113-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00520-026-11113-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00520-026-11113-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T17:48:20Z","timestamp":1792086500000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00520-026-11113-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["11113"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00520-026-11113-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0941-4355","1433-7339"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0941-4355","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-7339","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 August 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This service evaluation followed the NHS Health Research Authority's guidance and did not require approval from a Research Ethics Committee.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The author declares no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"973"}}