{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T23:16:51Z","timestamp":1790983011428,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787356800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Faculdade Israelita De Ci\u00eancias Da Sa\u00fade Albert Einstein"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Support Care Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Talquetamab, a GPRC5D-targeting bispecific antibody, produces high response rates in relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) but is frequently associated with oral adverse effects, most commonly dysgeusia and xerostomia, which can impair nutrition and quality of life. No evidence-based supportive-care intervention has been established for these effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We describe four adults with RRMM who received photobiomodulation (PBM) concomitantly with talquetamab, using a dual-wavelength (660\/808\u00a0nm) protocol individualized to symptom evolution and patient availability. Dysgeusia and xerostomia were assessed prospectively at each session through structured clinical interview and oral examination, with severity graded for each patient; no formal psychophysical gustatory testing or sialometry was performed. This descriptive, uncontrolled case series was designed to report the feasibility and tolerability of PBM rather than its efficacy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All four patients developed dysgeusia during talquetamab treatment. Two had grade 1, intermittent hypogeusia; two had grade 2 dysgeusia with complete taste loss (ageusia). No patient developed oral mucositis or clinically significant oral pain. All four patients reported xerostomia, with reduced salivary film and whitish, viscous saliva on examination; salivary flow was not measured quantitatively. All patients also received xylitol-based mouthwash and saliva substitutes from the start of talquetamab as concomitant standard supportive care. PBM was well tolerated, with no PBM-related adverse events, and no patient discontinued talquetamab because of oral toxicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This series demonstrates the feasibility and tolerability of PBM delivered alongside talquetamab in four patients. Given the small, uncontrolled sample and concurrent supportive interventions, no conclusion can be drawn regarding the efficacy of PBM for talquetamab-associated dysgeusia or xerostomia. Controlled studies with objective, validated outcome measures are needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-026-11133-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T00:00:21Z","timestamp":1787356821000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Photobiomodulation to minimize talquetamab-associated dysgeusia and xerostomia in multiple myeloma: a brief report of four cases"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Mariana Henriques","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6939-988X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernanda","family":"de Paula Eduardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luiza Deitos","family":"Menti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabela Vieira Nasser","family":"de Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nelson","family":"Hamerschlak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana Nassif","family":"Kerbauy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela Rocco","family":"de S\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Let\u00edcia Mello","family":"Bezinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"24","key":"11133_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2232","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2204591","volume":"387","author":"A Chari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chari A, Minnema MC, Berdeja JG, Oriol A, van de Donk NWCJ, Rodr\u00edguez-Otero P et al (2022) Talquetamab, a T-cell-redirecting GPRC5D bispecific antibody for multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 387(24):2232\u20132244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2204591","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"11133_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-023-08233-0","volume":"32","author":"AMGA Laheij","year":"2023","unstructured":"Laheij AMGA, van de Donk NWCJ (2023) Characterization of dysgeusia and xerostomia in patients with multiple myeloma treated with the T-cell-redirecting GPRC5D bispecific antibody talquetamab. Support Care Cancer 32(1):20. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00520-023-08233-0","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"11133_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jicd.12148","author":"P Pandeshwar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pandeshwar P, Roa MD, Das R, Shastry SP, Kaul R, Srinivasreddy MB (2015) Photobiomodulation in oral medicine: a review. J Investig Clin Dent. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jicd.12148","journal-title":"J Investig Clin Dent"},{"issue":"8","key":"11133_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.70053","volume":"57","author":"SMC Grossmann","year":"2025","unstructured":"Grossmann SMC, Lopes LC, Grossmann de Almeida L, Souza MS, de Almeida Ara\u00fajo LM, de Andrade Marigo Grandinetti H, de Almeida RB (2025) Increased salivary flow using photobiomodulation therapy in a patient with Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome: a case report. Lasers Surg Med 57(8):663\u2013666","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"11133_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.12.010","volume":"135","author":"E Kauark-Fontes","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kauark-Fontes E, Migliorati CA, Epstein JB, Bensadoun RJ, Gueiros LAM, Carroll J, Ramalho LMP, Santos-Silva AR (2023) Twenty-year analysis of photobiomodulation clinical studies for oral mucositis: a scoping review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 135(5):626\u2013641. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oooo.2022.12.010","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"11133_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2793","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-016-3153-y","volume":"24","author":"JAEM Zecha","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zecha JAEM, Raber-Durlacher JE, Nair RG, Epstein JB, Elad S, Hamblin MR et al (2016) Low-level laser therapy\/photobiomodulation in the management of side effects of chemoradiation therapy in head and neck cancer: part 2: proposed applications and treatment protocols. Support Care Cancer 24(6):2793\u20132805. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00520-016-3153-y","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"issue":"23","key":"11133_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.71401","volume":"14","author":"A Fleischer","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fleischer A, Roll M, Frenking JH, Panther F, Gelbrich G, Strunz PP, Riedhammer C, Peter J, Mersi J, Waldschmidt J, Kort\u00fcm M, Einsele H, Raab MS, Maatouk I, Rasche L (2025) Talquetamab-related dysgeusia in multiple myeloma compared to BCMA-targeted bispecifics and high-dose melphalan. Cancer Med 14(23):e71401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cam4.71401","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"11133_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.32445","author":"GM Kayahara","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kayahara GM, Espinhosa RB, da Silva SN, Pereira MAS, Bernab\u00e9 DG, Miyahara GI et al (2025) Talquetamab-induced dysgeusia successfully treated with photobiomodulation therapy. Laryngoscope. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.32445","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"7","key":"11133_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.202400095","volume":"17","author":"MH Ferreira","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ferreira MH, Bezinelli LM, de Paula Eduardo F, Pereira AZ, Hamerschlak N, Corr\u00eaa L (2024) Photobiomodulation minimizes taste changes during hematopoietic cell transplantation: a randomized clinical trial. J Biophotonics 17(7):e202400095. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbio.202400095","journal-title":"J Biophotonics"},{"issue":"3","key":"11133_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-020-05626-3","volume":"29","author":"JB Epstein","year":"2021","unstructured":"Epstein JB, Raber-Durlacher JE, Epstein GL, Hazenberg MD, Tzachanis D, Spielberger RT (2021) Chronic oral graft-versus-host disease: induction and maintenance therapy with photobiomodulation therapy. Support Care Cancer 29(3):1387\u20131394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00520-020-05626-3","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"11133_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.587664","volume":"11","author":"R Ahmad","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ahmad R, Dalziel JE (2020) G protein-coupled receptors in taste physiology and pharmacology. Front Pharmacol 11:587664. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2020.587664","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"10","key":"11133_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2024.05.003","volume":"24","author":"A Chari","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chari A, Krishnan A, Rasche L, Ye JC, Garfall A, Popat R et al (2024) Clinical management of patients with relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma treated with talquetamab. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 24(10):665-693.e14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clml.2024.05.003","journal-title":"Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk"}],"container-title":["Supportive Care in Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00520-026-11133-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00520-026-11133-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00520-026-11133-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T20:05:16Z","timestamp":1790366716000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00520-026-11133-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["11133"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00520-026-11133-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0941-4355","1433-7339"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0941-4355","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-7339","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 August 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 August 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Written informed consent for publication of clinical data was obtained from all four patients (CAAE 96537226.8.0000.0071). The photographs in Fig.\u00a0\n                      \n                      are representative, illustrative images and are not from any of the four patients included in this series; their use was authorized under the study\u2019s institutional ethics committee approval.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"888"}}