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Therefore, we assessed the histological changes in liver fibrosis among patients with hepatitis C who underwent long-term follow-up after achieving SVR to treatment with DAA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study enrolled 71 patients with hepatitis C who achieved SVR to treatment with DAA. Changes in histological liver fibrosis and fibrosis biomarkers (hyaluronic acid, type 4 collagen 7S, Mac-2\u00a0binding protein\u00a0glycosylation\u00a0isomer, autotaxin, and Fibrosis-4 index) were assessed before and 5\u00a0years after treatment. Transient elastography using the FibroScan\u00ae device was performed 5\u00a0years after treatment. Advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis were defined as Ishak fibrosis scores of\u2009\u2265\u20094 and\u2009\u2265\u20095, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Histological liver fibrosis significantly regressed after SVR. Fibrosis biomarkers were significantly reduced after SVR. Transient elastography was the most helpful after evaluating the predictive performance of advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis after SVR, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.965 and a cut-off value of 6.75\u00a0kPa. The cut-off values of serum fibrosis biomarkers for identifying advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis after SVR were lower than those before treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Long-term SVR to treatment with DAA ameliorated histological liver fibrosis. Noninvasive tests helped predict the degree of liver fibrosis after SVR, but their cut-off values should be redefined to avoid underestimation of liver fibrosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-024-02165-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]],"date-time":"2024-11-25T08:03:24Z","timestamp":1732521804000},"page":"197-209","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Histological improvement of fibrosis in patients with hepatitis C who achieved a 5-year sustained virological response to treatment with direct-acting antivirals"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Takayuki","family":"Iwamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasutoshi","family":"Nozaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takanori","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Suda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Mizumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Arimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Ohta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinjiro","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiki","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiko","family":"Sudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michiko","family":"Yoshimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Machiko","family":"Kai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoichi","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Tahata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayato","family":"Hikita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuo","family":"Takehara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8361-1311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hideki","family":"Hagiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2165_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-019-01645-y","volume":"55","author":"H Enomoto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Enomoto H, Ueno Y, Hiasa Y, et al. 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Tetsuo Takehara and Hayato Hikita have received lecture fees from Gilead Sciences, Inc, Abbie Inc, and Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. All other authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interests"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Kansai Rosai Hospital (Approval No. 23E041g) and Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine (Approval No. K23182) and conducted following the Declaration of Helsinki. All patients provided written informed consent for liver biopsy before and after treatment.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}}]}}