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However, the evidence regarding the effect of\n                      <jats:italic>HLA-DQA1*05<\/jats:italic>\n                      remains limited in East Asian populations, including in Japan. Moreover,\n                      <jats:italic>HLA-DQA1*05<\/jats:italic>\n                      frequency differs substantially from those in Western populations. Comprehensive analyses of the association between HLA alleles and IFX treatment outcomes may contribute to the identification of novel prognostic markers for IFX therapies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed 301 biologic-na\u00efve Japanese patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IFX persistence was assessed at both 2-digit and 4-digit HLA allele resolutions, and associations with anti-drug antibody levels at 1\u00a0year after the initiation of IFX therapy were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At the 2-digit resolution analysis,\n                      <jats:italic>HLA-DQB1*03<\/jats:italic>\n                      (hazard ratio [HR]\u2009=\u20092.39,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.89E-06) and\n                      <jats:italic>HLA-DQA1*05<\/jats:italic>\n                      (HR\u2009=\u20091.99,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093.91E-04) were significantly associated with early IFX discontinuation. At the 4-digit resolution analysis,\n                      <jats:italic>HLA-DQB1*03:01<\/jats:italic>\n                      (HR\u2009=\u20092.03,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20099.42E-05) and\n                      <jats:italic>HLA-DQA1*05:05<\/jats:italic>\n                      (HR\u2009=\u20092.18,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20094.42E-05) showed similar associations. All\n                      <jats:italic>HLA-DQA1*05:05<\/jats:italic>\n                      alleles formed haplotypes with\n                      <jats:italic>HLA-DQB1*03:01<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Importantly,\n                      <jats:italic>HLA-DQB1*03:01<\/jats:italic>\n                      was also associated with early discontinuation of IFX even when it formed haplotypes with alleles other than HLA-\n                      <jats:italic>DQA1*05:05<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Both\n                      <jats:italic>HLA-DQB1*03:01<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>HLA-DQA1*05:05<\/jats:italic>\n                      were significantly associated with elevated anti-drug antibody levels (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093.23E-03 and 3.54E-03, respectively).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>HLA-DQB1*03:01<\/jats:italic>\n                      encompasses the information of\n                      <jats:italic>HLA-DQA1*05:05<\/jats:italic>\n                      and serves as a strong genetic predictor of IFX treatment persistence and immunogenicity in Japanese patients with IBD, offering a potential biomarker for personalized therapy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-026-02354-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T17:54:14Z","timestamp":1770400454000},"page":"547-558","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["HLA-DQB1*03:01 and HLA-DQA1*05:05 as key genetic determinants of infliximab response and immunogenicity in Japanese patients with inflammatory bowel disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Ryuya","family":"Osaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9744-7946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takeo","family":"Naito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seik-Soon","family":"Khor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoichi","family":"Kakuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yosuke","family":"Kawai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masao","family":"Nagasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Meguro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideya","family":"Iwaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Okamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Nagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Shimoyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rintaro","family":"Moroi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hisashi","family":"Shiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshitaka","family":"Kinouchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Masamune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2354_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.727","volume":"105","author":"A Kornbluth","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kornbluth A, Sachar DB. 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