{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T00:57:12Z","timestamp":1793321832356,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695427200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Anesth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the context of the current comfort medicine and enhanced recovery after surgery, there is a demand for a new anesthesia method to reduce adverse reactions and accelerate recovery after surgery. This randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the efficacy and safety between opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) combined with ultrasound-guided intermediate cervical plexus block (ICPB) and opioid-based anesthesia in patients after thyroid surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, 75 patients scheduled for thyroid surgery under general anesthesia were randomly allocated into two groups. The primary outcome included the incidence of nausea within 24\u00a0h after surgery. The main secondary outcomes included the incidence of vomiting and the visual analog score (VAS) scores within 24\u00a0h after surgery as well as the quality of recovery 40 questionnaires (QoR-40) scores 24\u00a0h after surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the OFA group, the incidence of postoperative nausea was 6.1%, compared to 39.4% in the control group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001). No patient presented with postoperative vomiting in the OFA group, while 15.2% of patients suffered from postoperative vomiting in the control group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.063). The VAS scores of patients in the postanesthetic care unit (PACU) and 2\u00a0h, 4\u00a0h, and 6\u00a0h after surgery were lower in the OFA group, and the difference is statistically significant. Besides, the VAS scores of patients at rest (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.000) and during swallowing (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.000) 24\u00a0h after surgery were comparable.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared with opioid-based anesthesia, the OFA combined with the ultrasound-guided ICPB can better improve patients' postoperative recovery, reduce nausea, and decrease pain scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Chinese Clinical Trial Regisrty, ChiCTR2200056344,\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\">https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-023-03254-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]],"date-time":"2023-09-22T22:01:25Z","timestamp":1695420085000},"page":"914-922","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The efficacy and safety of opioid-free anesthesia combined with ultrasound-guided intermediate cervical plexus block vs. opioid-based anesthesia in thyroid surgery\u2014a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"chictr2200056344","registry":"10.18810\/chictr"}],"author":[{"given":"Zhi","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Congjie","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingguo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruonan","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"3254_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.01.013","volume":"11","author":"R Benyamin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Benyamin R, Trescot AM, Datta S, Buenaventura R, Adlaka R, Sehgal N, Glaser SE, Vallejo R. 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