{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T01:12:00Z","timestamp":1777511520592,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741737600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22K09178"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K09178"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018502","name":"Kanazawa University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018502","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Anesth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>The electrolarynx facilitates communication for tracheostomized mechanically ventilated patients. However, its effectiveness is often constrained by patient weakness. A hands-free electrolarynx offers a potential solution, enabling speech without the need to hold the device. This case series evaluated speech intelligibility with a hands-free electrolarynx in tracheostomized, mechanically ventilated patients. Seven tracheostomized patients were enrolled and instructed to use both the conventional and hands-free electrolarynxes. Speech intelligibility was assessed using the 5-point electrolarynx effectivity score (EES). Patients who scored \u22654 were defined as effective users. The median EES (interquartile range [IQR]) for the hands-free electrolarynx was 3.5 (2.5\u20134), with three effective users (42.9%). The median EES for the conventional electrolarynx when operated by the research staff was 4 (IQR: 3\u20134), with four effective users (57.1%), indicating no significant difference compared with the hands-free electrolarynx (p=0.7). However, none of the patients were able to effectively and independently utilize the conventional device, leading to a significantly lower median EES of 2 (IQR: 2\u20132.6; p = 0.03). The hands-free electrolarynx achieves greater intelligibility than the conventional electrolarynx when used independently by patients. The hands-free electrolarynx has the potential to minimize the need for external assistance and enhance autonomous communication.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-025-03481-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T04:57:44Z","timestamp":1741755464000},"page":"810-814","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A hands-free wearable electrolarynx for communication in tracheostomized mechanically ventilated critically ill patients: a case series"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1056-9973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koji","family":"Sato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junji","family":"Genda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seiki","family":"Deguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takumi","family":"Taniguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"3481_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.2147\/MDER.S133225","volume":"10","author":"R Kaye","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kaye R, Tang CG, Sinclair CF. The electrolarynx: voice restoration after total laryngectomy. Med Devices. 2017;10:133\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/MDER.S133225.","journal-title":"Med Devices"},{"key":"3481_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2909","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.14524","volume":"76","author":"A Holm","year":"2020","unstructured":"Holm A, Viftrup A, Karlsson V, Nikolajsen L, Dreyer P. Nurses\u2019 communication with mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit: umbrella review. J Adv Nurs. 2020;76:2909\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jan.14524.","journal-title":"J Adv Nurs"},{"key":"3481_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-016-1483-2","volume":"20","author":"S Ten Hoorn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ten Hoorn S, Elbers PW, Girbes AR, Tuinman PR. Communicating with conscious and mechanically ventilated critically ill patients: a systematic review. Crit Care. 2016;20:333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-016-1483-2.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"3481_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2018.06.013","volume":"47","author":"L Rose","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rose L, Istanboulian L, Smith OM, Silencieux S, Cuthbertson BH, Amaral ACKB, Fraser I, Grey J, Dale C. Feasibility of the electrolarynx for enabling communication in the chronically critically ill: the EECCHO study. J Crit Care. 2018;47:109\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrc.2018.06.013.","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"3481_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.14326\/abe.11.68","volume":"11","author":"M Takeuchi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Takeuchi M, Ahn J, Lee K, Takaki K, Ifukube T, Yabu KI, Takamichi S, Ueha R, Sekino M. Hands-free wearable electrolarynx using linear predictive coding residual waves and listening evaluation. Adv Biomed Eng. 2022;11:68\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14326\/abe.11.68.","journal-title":"Adv Biomed Eng"},{"key":"3481_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-014-3591-2","volume":"41","author":"PR Tuinman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tuinman PR, Ten Hoorn S, Aalders YJ, Elbers PW, Girbes AR. The electrolarynx improves communication in a selected group of mechanically ventilated critically ill patients: a feasibility study. Intensive Care Med. 2015;41:547\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00134-014-3591-2.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"3481_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.ICCN.2023.103393","author":"CJ Zaga","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zaga CJ, Freeman-Sanderson A, Happ MB, Hoit JD, McGrath BA, Pandian V, Quraishi-Akhtar T, Rose L, Sutt AL, Tuinman PR, Wallace S, Bellomo R, Berney S, Vogel AP. Defining effective communication for critically ill patients with an artificial airway: An international multi-professional consensus. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.ICCN.2023.103393.","journal-title":"Intensive Crit Care Nurs"},{"key":"3481_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2006.11.010","volume":"34","author":"H Liu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Liu H, Ng ML. Electrolarynx in voice rehabilitation. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2007;34:327\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anl.2006.11.010.","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"key":"3481_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JCOMDIS.2010.01.003","volume":"43","author":"TA Bohnenkamp","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bohnenkamp TA, Stowell T, Hesse J, Wright S. Speech breathing in speakers who use an electrolarynx. J Commun Disord. 2010;43:199\u2013211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.JCOMDIS.2010.01.003.","journal-title":"J Commun Disord"}],"container-title":["Journal of Anesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00540-025-03481-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00540-025-03481-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00540-025-03481-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T17:45:21Z","timestamp":1758822321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00540-025-03481-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["3481"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00540-025-03481-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0913-8668","1438-8359"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0913-8668","type":"print"},{"value":"1438-8359","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 February 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}