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The primary outcome was averted sedation failure (aSF). Cost-effectiveness was assessed using the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses, including Monte Carlo simulations and cost-effectiveness acceptability curves (CEACs), were performed. A 0% discount rate was applied. Our systematic literature search determined success rates for each sedation or general anesthesia regimen.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The cost-effectiveness plane demonstrated the efficiency frontier connecting triclofos sodium, propofol, and general anesthesia. Compared to oral triclofos sodium, propofol had an ICER of $3214.06 per additional aSF, which was more favorable than dexmedetomidine (ICER: \u2212$9222.85). Sensitivity analysis showed that ICER values were most sensitive to the success rates of each sedation regimen, followed by the reimbursement rate for anesthesiologist-administered sedation. CEACs confirmed that triclofos sodium and propofol were the most favorable, while midazolam and general anesthesia were less favorable. The probability of cost-effectiveness for propofol varied from 0 to 51.6%, and for triclofos sodium, it ranged from 100 to 38.9%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Propofol sedation administered by anesthesiologists demonstrated superior cost-effectiveness compared to dexmedetomidine and midazolam sedation administered by non-anesthesiologists, primarily due to higher success rate and lower reimbursement rate for sedation procedures by anesthesiologists. Increasing reimbursement for anesthesiologist-administered sedation may be justifiable, though further real-world validation is needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-025-03540-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T09:13:44Z","timestamp":1752225224000},"page":"182-191","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cost-effectiveness analysis of sedation regimens for children undergoing magnetic resonance imaging in Japan: a simulation-based study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6762-8511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soichiro","family":"Obara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Nakata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"3540_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2015.10.017","volume":"34","author":"B Chang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chang B, Urman RD. 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