{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T10:13:22Z","timestamp":1778580802858,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778544000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Anesth"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-026-03770-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T09:32:32Z","timestamp":1778578352000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Detection of motor pathway suppression by transcranial and transesophageal motor-evoked potentials during thoracic epidural anesthesia"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8281-7273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tadayoshi","family":"Kurita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shingo","family":"Kawashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed Mathar Sahib","family":"Ibrahim Khaleelullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiki","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"3770_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181f6f0d0","volume":"35","author":"N Malhotra","year":"2010","unstructured":"Malhotra N, Shaffrey C. Intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring in spine surgery. Spine. 2010;35:2167\u201379.","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"3770_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S37","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181d8338e","volume":"35","author":"MG Fehlings","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fehlings MG, Brodke DS, Norvell DC, Dettori JR. The evidence for intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in spine surgery: does it make a difference? Spine. 2010;35:S37-46.","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"3770_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.10.SPINE12944","volume":"20","author":"S Kobayashi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kobayashi S, Matsuyama Y, Shinomiya K, Kawabata S, Ando M, Kanchiku T, et al. A new alarm point of transcranial electrical stimulation motor evoked potentials for intraoperative spinal cord monitoring: a prospective multicenter study from the Spinal Cord Monitoring Working Group of the Japanese Society for Spine Surgery and Related Research. J Neurosurg Spine. 2014;20:102\u20137.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"3770_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezaa002","volume":"57","author":"N Shiiya","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shiiya N, Tsuda K, Yamanaka K, Takahashi D, Washiyama N, Yamashita K, et al. Clinical feasibility and safety of transoesophageal motor-evoked potential monitoring. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2020;57:1076\u201382.","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"3770_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xjtc.2020.08.006","volume":"4","author":"K Yamanaka","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yamanaka K, Tsuda K, Takahashi D, Washiyama N, Yamashita K, Shiiya N. Bipolar transesophageal thoracic spinal cord stimulation: a novel clinically relevant method for motor-evoked potentials. JTCVS Tech. 2020;4:28\u201335.","journal-title":"JTCVS Tech"},{"key":"3770_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezu496","volume":"48","author":"K Tsuda","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tsuda K, Shiiya N, Takahashi D, Ohkura K, Yamashita K, Kando Y. Transoesophageal spinal cord stimulation for motor-evoked potentials monitoring: feasibility, safety and stability. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2015;48:245\u201351.","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"3770_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2015.08.120","volume":"151","author":"K Tsuda","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tsuda K, Shiiya N, Takahashi D, Ohkura K, Yamashita K, Kando Y, et al. Transesophageal versus transcranial motor evoked potentials to monitor spinal cord ischemia. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2016;151:509\u201317.","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"3770_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-024-03443-0","volume":"39","author":"T Kurita","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kurita T, Kawashima S, Khaleelullah MMSI, Nakajima Y. Transesophageal motor-evoked potentials, a novel method induced by transesophageal spinal cord stimulation, are less sensitive to anesthetics than transcranial motor-evoked potentials. J Anesth. 2025;39:198\u2013204.","journal-title":"J Anesth"},{"key":"3770_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kurita T, Kawashima S, Khaleelullah MMSI, Nakajima Y. Effects of hemorrhage, fluid resuscitation, and transient deep anesthesia on transcranial and transesophageal motor evoked potentials in a swine model. J Anesth. 2025. Online ahead of print","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-025-03598-4"},{"key":"3770_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000005236","volume":"132","author":"K Furutani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Furutani K, Tobita T, Ishii H, Deguchi H, Mitsuma Y, Kamiya Y, et al. Epidural administration of Ropivacaine reduces the amplitude of transcranial electrical motor-evoked potentials: a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial. Anesth Analg. 2021;132:1092\u2013100.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"3770_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-020-00644-2","volume":"36","author":"T Kurita","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kurita T, Kawashima S, Khaleelullah MMSI, Nakajima Y. Influence of hemorrhage and subsequent fluid resuscitation on transcranial motor-evoked potentials under desflurane anesthesia in a swine model. J Clin Monit Comput. 2022;36:239\u201346.","journal-title":"J Clin Monit Comput"},{"key":"3770_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0000000000000454","volume":"35","author":"P Parikh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Parikh P, Cheongsiatmoy J, Shilian P, Gonzalez AA. Differences in the transcranial motor evoked potentials between proximal and distal lower extremity muscles. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2018;35:155\u20138.","journal-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"3770_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1992.sp019342","volume":"456","author":"R Hicks","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hicks R, Burke D, Stephen J, Woodforth I, Crawford M. Corticospinal volleys evoked by electrical stimulation of human motor cortex after withdrawal of volatile anaesthetics. J Physiol. 1992;456:393\u2013404.","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"3770_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1080\/1086508X.2010.11079776","volume":"50","author":"M Balvin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Balvin M, Song K, Slimp J. Effects of anesthetic regimens and other confounding factors affecting the interpretation of motor evoked potentials during pediatric spine surgery. Am J Electroneurodiagnostic Technol. 2010;50:219\u201344.","journal-title":"Am J Electroneurodiagnostic Technol"},{"key":"3770_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.08.037","volume":"14","author":"AA Tamkus","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tamkus AA, Rice KS, Kim HL. Differential rates of false-positive findings in transcranial motor evoked potential monitoring when using inhalational anesthesia versus total intravenous anesthesia during spine surgeries. Spine J. 2014;14:1440\u20136.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"3770_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5603","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.215160","volume":"589","author":"SN Baker","year":"2011","unstructured":"Baker SN. The primate reticulospinal tract, hand function and functional recovery. J Physiol. 2011;589:5603\u201312.","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"3770_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00866.2012","volume":"110","author":"CF Honeycutt","year":"2013","unstructured":"Honeycutt CF, Kharouta M, Perreault EJ. Evidence for reticulospinal contributions to coordinated finger movements in humans. J Neurophysiol. 2013;110:1476\u201383.","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"3770_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00231787","volume":"109","author":"JP Gossard","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gossard JP, Floeter MK, Degtyarenko AM, Simon ES, Burke RE. Disynaptic vestibulospinal and reticulospinal excitation in cat lumbosacral motoneurons: modulation during fictive locomotion. Exp Brain Res. 1996;109:277\u201388.","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"3770_CR19","first-page":"199","volume":"47","author":"PR Bromage","year":"1975","unstructured":"Bromage PR. Mechanism of action of extradural analgesia. Br J Anaesth. 1975;47:199\u2013211.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"3770_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-019-02698-2","volume":"34","author":"M Kawaguchi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kawaguchi M, Iida H, Tanaka S, Fukuoka N, Hayashi H, Izumi S, et al. A practical guide for anesthetic management during intraoperative motor evoked potential monitoring. J Anesth. 2020;34:5\u201328.","journal-title":"J Anesth"},{"key":"3770_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.10.SPINE18322","volume":"30","author":"H Ushirozako","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ushirozako H, Yoshida G, Kobayashi S, Hasegawa T, Yamato Y, Yasuda T, et al. Impact of total propofol dose during spinal surgery: anesthetic fade on transcranial motor evoked potentials. J Neurosurg Spine. 2019;30:705\u201313.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"}],"container-title":["Journal of Anesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00540-026-03770-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00540-026-03770-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00540-026-03770-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T09:32:36Z","timestamp":1778578356000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00540-026-03770-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]},"references-count":21,"alternative-id":["3770"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00540-026-03770-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0913-8668","1438-8359"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0913-8668","type":"print"},{"value":"1438-8359","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}