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Disclosures outside of submitted work: JCW\u2014Royalties\u2014Biomet, Seaspine, Synthes; Investments\/Options\u2014Bone Biologics, Pearldiver, Electrocore, Surgitech; Board of Directors\u2014AO Foundation; Fellowship Funding (paid to institution): AO Foundation. ZB- consultancy: Cerapedics (past), The Scripps Research Institute (past), Xenco Medical (past), AO Spine (past); Research Support: SeaSpine (past, paid to the institution), Next Science (past,\u00a0paid directly to institution), Medical Metrics (past, paid directly to institution); North American Spine Society: committee member; Lumbar Spine Society: Co-chair Educational Committee, AOSpine Knowledge Forum Degenerative: Associate member; AOSNA Research committee- committee member.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}