{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T03:34:26Z","timestamp":1793763266642,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]],"date-time":"2023-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680566400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]],"date-time":"2023-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680566400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Spine J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-023-07665-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]],"date-time":"2023-04-04T12:19:23Z","timestamp":1680610763000},"page":"1973-1984","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) identification of chemically painful lumbar discs leads to improved 6-, 12-, and 24-month outcomes for discogenic low back pain surgeries"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Matthew F.","family":"Gornet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert K.","family":"Eastlack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Peacock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francine W.","family":"Schranck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey C.","family":"Lotz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"7665_CR1","first-page":"737","volume":"78","author":"J Corns","year":"2018","unstructured":"Corns J (2018) Recent work on pain. Anal Rev 78:737\u2013753","journal-title":"Anal Rev"},{"key":"7665_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2020190185","volume":"40","author":"Y Ota","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ota Y, Connolly M, Srinivasan A, Kim J, Capizzano AA, Moritani T (2020) Mechanisms and origins of spinal pain: from molecules to anatomy, with diagnostic clues and imaging findings. Radiographics 40:1163\u20131181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/rg.2020190185","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"7665_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15377","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000015377","volume":"98","author":"E Vagaska","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vagaska E, Litavcova A, Srotova I, Vlckova E, Kerkovsky M, Jarkovsky J, Bednarik J, Adamova B (2019) Do lumbar magnetic resonance imaging changes predict neuropathic pain in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain? Medicine (Baltimore) 98:e15377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000015377","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"7665_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2683","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000188256.88859.9c","volume":"30","author":"KR Keshari","year":"2005","unstructured":"Keshari KR, Lotz JC, Kurhanewicz J, Majumdar S (2005) Correlation of HR-MAS spectroscopy derived metabolite concentrations with collagen and proteoglycan levels and Thompson grade in the degenerative disc. Spine 30:2683\u20132688","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"7665_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31816201c3","volume":"33","author":"KR Keshari","year":"2008","unstructured":"Keshari KR, Lotz JC, Link TM, Hu S, Majumdar S, Kurhanewicz J (2008) Lactic acid and proteoglycans as metabolic markers for discogenic back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 33:312\u2013317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31816201c3","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"7665_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E634","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002448","volume":"43","author":"S Magnitsky","year":"2018","unstructured":"Magnitsky S, Dudli S, Tang X, Kaur J, Diaz J, Miller S, Lotz JC (2018) Quantification of propionic acid in the bovine spinal disk after infection of the tissue with Propionibacteria acnes bacteria. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 43:E634\u2013E638. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002448","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"7665_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-018-05873-3","author":"MG Gornet","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gornet MG, Peacock J, Claude J, Schranck FW, Copay AG, Eastlack RK, Benz R, Olshen A, Lotz JC (2019) Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) can identify painful lumbar discs and may facilitate improved clinical outcomes of lumbar surgeries for discogenic pain. Eur Spine J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-018-05873-3","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"7665_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2008\/11\/513","volume":"11","author":"LR Wolfer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wolfer LR, Derby R, Lee JE, Lee SH (2008) Systematic review of lumbar provocation discography in asymptomatic subjects with a meta-analysis of false-positive rates. Pain Physician 11:513\u2013538","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"7665_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2007.11.006","volume":"8","author":"AG Copay","year":"2008","unstructured":"Copay AG, Glassman SD, Subach BR, Berven S, Schuler TC, Carreon LY (2008) Minimum clinically important difference in lumbar spine surgery patients: a choice of methods using the Oswestry disability index, medical outcomes study questionnaire short form 36, and pain scales. Spine J 8:968\u2013974","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"7665_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318054e377","volume":"32","author":"J Zigler","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zigler J, Delamarter R, Spivak JM, Linovitz RJ, Danielson GO, Haider TT III, Cammisa F, Zuchermann J, Balderston R, Kitchel S, Foley K, Watkins R, Bradford D, Yue J, Yuan H, Herkowitz H, Geiger D, Bendo J, Peppers T, Sachs B, Girardi F, Kropf M, Goldstein J (2007) Results of the prospective, randomized, multicenter food and drug administration investigational device exemption study of the ProDisc-L total disc replacement versus circumferential fusion for the treatment of 1-level degenerative disc disease. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 32:1155\u20131162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318054e377","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"7665_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001245","volume":"40","author":"R Garcia Jr","year":"2015","unstructured":"Garcia R Jr, Yue JJ, Blumenthal S, Coric D, Patel VV, Leary SP, Dinh DH, Buttermann GR, Deutsch H, Girardi F, Billys J, Miller LE (2015) Lumbar total disc replacement for discogenic low back pain: two-year outcomes of the activL multicenter randomized controlled IDE clinical trial. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 40:1873\u20131881. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001245","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"7665_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.1.SPINE14589","volume":"23","author":"MF Gornet","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gornet MF, Burkus JK, Shaffrey ME, Argires PJ, Nian H, Harrell FE Jr (2015) Cervical disc arthroplasty with PRESTIGE LP disc versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a prospective, multicenter investigational device exemption study. J Neurosurg 23:558\u2013573. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2015.1.SPINE14589","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"7665_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-013-1883-8","volume":"37","author":"J Wei","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wei J, Song Y, Sun L, Chaoliang LV (2013) Comparison of artificial total disc replacement versus fusion for lumbar degenerative disc disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int Orthop 37:1315\u20131325","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"7665_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2022.05.001","author":"S Rajasekaran","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rajasekaran S, Tangavel C, Vasudevan G, Easwaran M, Muthurajan R, Vijay Anand KS, Murugan C, Nayagam SM, Kanna RM, Shetty AP (2022) Bacteria in human lumbar discs - subclinical infection or contamination? Metabolomic evidence for colonization, multiplication, and cell-cell cross-talk of bacteria. Spine J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2022.05.001","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"7665_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2018.0072","volume":"153","author":"S Khor","year":"2018","unstructured":"Khor S, Lavallee D, Cizik AM, Bellabarba C, Chapman JR, Howe CR, Lu D, Mohit AA, Oskouian RJ, Roh JR, Shonnard N, Dagal A, Flum DR (2018) Development and validation of a prediction model for pain and functional outcomes after lumbar spine surgery. JAMA Surg 153:634\u2013642. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamasurg.2018.0072","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"7665_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000863","volume":"40","author":"JT Anderson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Anderson JT, Haas AR, Percy R, Woods ST, Ahn UM, Ahn NU (2015) Clinical depression is a strong predictor of poor lumbar fusion outcomes among workers\u2019 compensation subjects. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 40:748\u2013756. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000863","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"7665_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2007.06.013","volume":"8","author":"LY Carreon","year":"2008","unstructured":"Carreon LY, Glassman SD, Howard J (2008) Fusion and nonsurgical treatment for symptomatic lumbar degenerative disease: a systematic review of Oswestry Disability Index and MOS short form-36 outcomes. Spine J 8:747\u2013755. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2007.06.013","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"7665_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2004.08.004","volume":"5","author":"RA LaCaille","year":"2005","unstructured":"LaCaille RA, DeBerard MS, Masters KS, Colledge AL, Bacon W (2005) Presurgical biopsychosocial factors predict multidimensional patient: outcomes of interbody cage lumbar fusion. Spine J 5:71\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2004.08.004","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"7665_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001964","volume":"42","author":"JG Cuneo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cuneo JG, DeBerard MS, Wheeler AJ (2017) Lumbar fusion in utah workers\u2019 compensation patients: changing outcomes across a decade. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 42:692\u2013699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001964","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"}],"container-title":["European Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-023-07665-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00586-023-07665-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-023-07665-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T10:05:32Z","timestamp":1685613932000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00586-023-07665-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["7665"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-023-07665-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0940-6719","1432-0932"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0940-6719","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0932","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 September 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 March 2023","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 March 2023","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 April 2023","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The sponsor, Aclarion, Inc., funded the study. No other funds, grants, or other support was received. All authors are stockholders in Aclarion, Inc.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. All patients signed an IRB-approved Informed Consent (Western Institutional Review Board).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}