{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T00:48:26Z","timestamp":1793062106587,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,18]],"date-time":"2023-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,18]],"date-time":"2023-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687046400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Spine J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Adjacent segment degeneration (ASDeg) after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) seriously affects the long-term efficacy of the operation. Therefore, our team has done a lot of research on allograft intervertebral disc transplantation (AIDT) to prove its feasibility and safety. This study will compare the efficacy between AIDT and ACDF in the treatment of cervical spondylosis.\n<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>All patients who received ACDF or AIDT in our hospital from 2000 to 2016 and followed up for at least 5\u00a0years were recruited and divided into ACDF and AIDT groups. The clinical outcomes including functional scores and radiological data of both groups were collected and compared preoperatively and postoperatively at 1\u00a0week, 3\u00a0months, 6\u00a0months, 12\u00a0months, 24\u00a0months, 60\u00a0months and last follow-up. Functional scores included Japanese Orthopedic Association score (JOA), Neck Disability Index (NDI), Visual Analog Scale of Neck (N-VAS) and Arms (A-VAS) pain, the Short Form Health Survey-36 (SF-36) and imaging dates including digital radiographs in the lateral, hyperextension and flexion positions to assess the stability, sagittal balance and mobility of the cervical spine and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to assess the degeneration of adjacent segment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>There were 68 patients with 25 in AIDT group and 43 in ACDF group. Satisfactory clinical results were obtained in both groups, but the long-term NDI score and N-VAS score in the AIDT group were better. The AIDT obtained the same stability and sagittal balance of the cervical spine as fusion surgery. The range of motion of adjacent segments can be restored to the preoperative level after transplantation, but this increases significantly after ACDF. There were significant differences in the superior adjacent segment range of motion (SROM) between two groups at 12\u00a0months (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.039), 24\u00a0months (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.035), 60\u00a0months (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.039) and the last follow-up (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.011). The inferior adjacent segment range of motion (IROM) and SROM had a similar trend in the two groups. The ratio value of the greyscale (RVG) of adjacent segments showed a downward trend. At the last follow-up, the RVG decreased more significantly in the ACDF group. At the last follow-up, there was a significant difference in the incidence of ASDeg between the two groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.000). And the incidence of adjacent segment disease (ASDis) is 22.86% in the ACDF group.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The allograft intervertebral disc transplantation may be as an alternative technique to traditional anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for the management of cervical degenerative diseases. For the more, the results showed it would improve cervical kinematics and reduce the incidence of adjacent segment degeneration.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-023-07799-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,18]],"date-time":"2023-06-18T11:01:36Z","timestamp":1687086096000},"page":"3561-3574","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Comparative study of outcomes between allograft intervertebral disc transplantation and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a retrospective cohort study at least 5\u00a0years of follow-up"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Junyou","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9642-3096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dike","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anwu","family":"Xuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"s1","key":"7799_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.14444\/8052","volume":"15","author":"S Kirnaz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kirnaz S, Capadona C, Lintz M, Kim B, Yerden R, Goldberg JL, Medary B, Sommer F, McGrath LB Jr, Bonassar LJ, H\u00e4rtl R (2021) Pathomechanism and biomechanics of degenerative disc disease: features of healthy and degenerated discs. Int J Spine Surg 15(s1):10\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14444\/8052","journal-title":"Int J Spine Surg"},{"issue":"10 Suppl","key":"7799_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S427","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199210001-00014","volume":"17","author":"DS Brodke","year":"1992","unstructured":"Brodke DS, Zdeblick TA (1992) Modified Smith\u2013Robinson procedure for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. Spine 17(10 Suppl):S427\u2013S430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007632-199210001-00014","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"3","key":"7799_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000000442","volume":"30","author":"DG Tobert","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tobert DG, Antoci V, Patel SP, Saadat E, Bono CM (2017) Adjacent segment disease in the cervical and lumbar spine. Clin Spine Surg 30(3):94\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BSD.0000000000000442","journal-title":"Clin Spine Surg"},{"key":"7799_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.06.002","volume":"68","author":"JC Wu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wu JC, Chang HK, Huang WC, Chen YC (2019) Risk factors of second surgery for adjacent segment disease following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a 16-year cohort study. Int J Surg (London, England) 68:48\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.06.002","journal-title":"Int J Surg (London, England)"},{"issue":"11","key":"7799_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2188","DOI":"10.1002\/term.2750","volume":"12","author":"YC Huang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huang YC, Hu Y, Li Z, Luk KDK (2018) Biomaterials for intervertebral disc regeneration: current status and looming challenges. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 12(11):2188\u20132202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/term.2750","journal-title":"J Tissue Eng Regen Med"},{"key":"7799_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2017.03.013","volume":"129","author":"RD Bowles","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bowles RD, Setton LA (2017) Biomaterials for intervertebral disc regeneration and repair. Biomaterials 129:54\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2017.03.013","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"7799_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199704000-00003","volume":"337","author":"KD Luk","year":"1997","unstructured":"Luk KD, Ruan DK, Chow DH, Leong JC (1997) Intervertebral disc autografting in a bipedal animal model. Clin Orthop Relat Res 337:13\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00003086-199704000-00003","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"9566","key":"7799_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60496-6","volume":"369","author":"D Ruan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ruan D, He Q, Ding Y, Hou L, Li J, Luk KD (2007) Intervertebral disc transplantation in the treatment of degenerative spine disease: a preliminary study. Lancet (London, England) 369(9566):993\u2013999. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60496-6","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"issue":"9","key":"7799_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E488","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e318290fc41","volume":"29","author":"Y Ding","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ding Y, Ruan DK, He Q, Hou LS, Lin JN, Cui HP (2016) Imaging evaluation and relative significance in cases of cervical disk allografting: radiographic character after total disk transplantation. Clin Spine Surg 29(9):E488\u2013E495. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BSD.0b013e318290fc41","journal-title":"Clin Spine Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"7799_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000058710.01729.29","volume":"28","author":"KD Luk","year":"2003","unstructured":"Luk KD, Ruan DK, Lu DS, Fei ZQ (2003) Fresh frozen intervertebral disc allografting in a bipedal animal model. Spine 28(9):864\u2013870. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.BRS.0000058710.01729.29","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"3","key":"7799_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-017-5419-6","volume":"27","author":"YC Huang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huang YC, Xiao J, Leung VY, Lu WW, Hu Y, Luk KDK (2018) Lumbar intervertebral disc allograft transplantation: the revascularisation pattern. Eur Spine J 27(3):728\u2013736. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-017-5419-6","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"7799_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-008-0748-0","volume":"17","author":"KD Luk","year":"2008","unstructured":"Luk KD, Ruan DK (2008) Intervertebral disc transplantation: a biological approach to motion preservation. Eur Spine J 17(Suppl 4):504\u2013510. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-008-0748-0","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"4","key":"7799_CR13","first-page":"2028","volume":"11","author":"J Ying","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ying J, Han Z, Zeng Y, Du Y, Pei S, Su L, Ruan D, Chen C (2019) Evaluation of intervertebral disc regeneration with injection of mesenchymal stem cells encapsulated in PEGDA-microcryogel delivery system using quantitative T2 mapping: a study in canines. Am J Transl Res 11(4):2028\u20132041","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"7799_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-017-5367-1","volume":"27","author":"AG Patwardhan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Patwardhan AG, Khayatzadeh S, Havey RM, Voronov LI, Smith ZA, Kalmanson O, Ghanayem AJ, Sears W (2018) Cervical sagittal balance: a biomechanical perspective can help clinical practice. Eur Spine J 27(Suppl 1):25\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-017-5367-1","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"16","key":"7799_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2072","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200008150-00011","volume":"25","author":"DE Harrison","year":"2000","unstructured":"Harrison DE, Harrison DD, Cailliet R, Troyanovich SJ, Janik TJ, Holland B (2000) Cobb method or Harrison posterior tangent method: which to choose for lateral cervical radiographic analysis. Spine 25(16):2072\u20132078. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007632-200008150-00011","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"4","key":"7799_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002795","volume":"44","author":"J Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang J, Buser Z, Abedi A, Dong X, Wang JC (2019) Can C2\u20136 Cobb angle replace C2-7 Cobb angle?: an analysis of cervical kinetic magnetic resonance images and X-rays. Spine 44(4):240\u2013245. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002795","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"22 Suppl 1","key":"7799_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S149","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3182a7f449","volume":"38","author":"CP Ames","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ames CP, Blondel B, Scheer JK, Schwab FJ, Le Huec JC, Massicotte EM, Patel AA, Traynelis VC, Kim HJ, Shaffrey CI, Smith JS, Lafage V (2013) Cervical radiographical alignment: comprehensive assessment techniques and potential importance in cervical myelopathy. Spine 38(22 Suppl 1):S149\u2013S160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3182a7f449","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"6","key":"7799_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.5603\/PJNNS.a2020.0098","volume":"54","author":"B Liman\u00f3wka","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liman\u00f3wka B, Sagan L (2020) Changes in cervical range of motion following anterior cervical discectomy with fusion\u2014preliminary results. Neurol Neurochir Pol 54(6):568\u2013575. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5603\/PJNNS.a2020.0098","journal-title":"Neurol Neurochir Pol"},{"issue":"3","key":"7799_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198704000-00016","volume":"12","author":"G Schneiderman","year":"1987","unstructured":"Schneiderman G, Flannigan B, Kingston S, Thomas J, Dillin WH, Watkins RG (1987) Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of disc degeneration: correlation with discography. Spine 12(3):276\u2013281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007632-198704000-00016","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"7799_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181b8a80d","volume":"35","author":"M Matsumoto","year":"2010","unstructured":"Matsumoto M, Okada E, Ichihara D, Watanabe K, Chiba K, Toyama Y, Fujiwara H, Momoshima S, Nishiwaki Y, Iwanami A, Ikegami T, Takahata T, Hashimoto T (2010) Anterior cervical decompression and fusion accelerates adjacent segment degeneration: comparison with asymptomatic volunteers in a ten-year magnetic resonance imaging follow-up study. Spine 35(1):36\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181b8a80d","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"15","key":"7799_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31817bb956","volume":"33","author":"JS Harrop","year":"2008","unstructured":"Harrop JS, Youssef JA, Maltenfort M, Vorwald P, Jabbour P, Bono CM, Goldfarb N, Vaccaro AR, Hilibrand AS (2008) Lumbar adjacent segment degeneration and disease after arthrodesis and total disc arthroplasty. Spine 33(15):1701\u20131707. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31817bb956","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"24","key":"7799_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E708","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31815a59a0","volume":"32","author":"JF Griffith","year":"2007","unstructured":"Griffith JF, Wang YX, Antonio GE, Choi KC, Yu A, Ahuja AT, Leung PC (2007) Modified Pfirrmann grading system for lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine 32(24):E708\u2013E712. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31815a59a0","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"5","key":"7799_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1093\/stcltm\/szac013","volume":"11","author":"A Xuan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xuan A, Ruan D, Wang C et al (2022) Intradiscal injection of autologous discogenic cells in patients with discectomy: a prospective clinical study of its safety and feasibility. Stem Cells Transl Med 11(5):490\u2013503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/stcltm\/szac013","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"7799_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200702000-00007","volume":"15","author":"AA Patel","year":"2007","unstructured":"Patel AA, Donegan D, Albert T (2007) The 36-item short form. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 15(2):126\u2013134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5435\/00124635-200702000-00007","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"7799_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1016\/s0895-4356(98)00081-x","volume":"51","author":"JE Ware Jr","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ware JE Jr, Gandek B (1998) Overview of the SF-36 health survey and the international quality of life assessment (IQOLA) project. J Clin Epidemiol 51(11):903\u2013912. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0895-4356(98)00081-x","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7799_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-4241-z","volume":"43","author":"K Hashimoto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hashimoto K, Aizawa T, Kanno H, Itoi E (2019) Adjacent segment degeneration after fusion spinal surgery-a systematic review. Int Orthop 43(4):987\u2013993. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-018-4241-z","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"7799_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Litrico S, Lonjon N, Riouallon G, Cogniet A, Launay O, Beaurain J, Blamoutier A, Pascal-Mousselard H, French Society of Spine Surgery (SFCR) (2014) Adjacent segment disease after anterior cervical interbody fusion: a multicenter retrospective study of 288 patients with long-term follow-up. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res OTSR 100(6 Suppl):S305\u2013S309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otsr.2014.07.004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2014.07.004"},{"issue":"1","key":"7799_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.4103\/jcvjs.JCVJS_10_20","volume":"11","author":"MB Burch","year":"2020","unstructured":"Burch MB, Wiegers NW, Patil S, Nourbakhsh A (2020) Incidence and risk factors of reoperation in patients with adjacent segment disease: a meta-analysis. J Craniovertebr Junction Spine 11(1):9\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jcvjs.JCVJS_10_20","journal-title":"J Craniovertebr Junction Spine"},{"key":"7799_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.25259\/SNI-191-2019","volume":"10","author":"NE Epstein","year":"2019","unstructured":"Epstein NE (2019) A review of complication rates for anterior cervical diskectomy and fusion (ACDF). Surg Neurol Int 10:100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/SNI-191-2019","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"issue":"7","key":"7799_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E400","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002865","volume":"44","author":"AS Vaishnav","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vaishnav AS, Saville P, McAnany S, Patel D, Haws B, Khechen B, Singh K, Gang CH, Qureshi SA (2019) Predictive factors of postoperative dysphagia in single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. Spine 44(7):E400\u2013E407. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002865","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"4","key":"7799_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2010.01.006","volume":"10","author":"BW Cunningham","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cunningham BW, Hu N, Zorn CM, McAfee PC (2010) Biomechanical comparison of single- and two-level cervical arthroplasty versus arthrodesis: effect on adjacent-level spinal kinematics. Spine J 10(4):341\u2013349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2010.01.006","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"22","key":"7799_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2431","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200211150-00003","volume":"27","author":"JC Eck","year":"2002","unstructured":"Eck JC, Humphreys SC, Lim TH, Jeong ST, Kim JG, Hodges SD, An HS (2002) Biomechanical study on the effect of cervical spine fusion on adjacent-level intradiscal pressure and segmental motion. Spine 27(22):2431\u20132434. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007632-200211150-00003","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"6","key":"7799_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E357","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318232909d","volume":"37","author":"SK Lam","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lam SK, Xiao J, Ruan D, Ding Y, Lu WW, Luk KD (2012) The effect of remodeling on the kinematics of the malpositioned disc allograft transplantation. Spine 37(6):E357\u2013E366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318232909d","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"9","key":"7799_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002377","volume":"43","author":"M Alhashash","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alhashash M, Shousha M, Boehm H (2018) Adjacent segment disease after cervical spine fusion: evaluation of a 70 patient long-term follow-up. Spine 43(9):605\u2013609. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002377","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"47","key":"7799_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8663","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000008663","volume":"96","author":"F Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang F, Hou HT, Wang P, Zhang JT, Shen Y (2017) Symptomatic adjacent segment disease after single-lever anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: incidence and risk factors. Medicine 96(47):e8663. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000008663","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"7799_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1094","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.03.152","volume":"114","author":"J Song","year":"2018","unstructured":"Song J, Zhang YX, Song KH, Wang HL, Zou F, Jiang JY (2018) Risk factors of adjacent segment disease after anterior cervical arthrodesis: a retrospective study of sagittal measurement of thoracic inlet parameters. World Neurosurg 114:e1094\u2013e1100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.03.152","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"7799_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2013.53.6.356","volume":"53","author":"JH Park","year":"2013","unstructured":"Park JH, Cho CB, Song JH, Kim SW, Ha Y, Oh JK (2013) T1 slope and cervical sagittal alignment on cervical CT radiographs of asymptomatic persons. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 53(6):356\u2013359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3340\/jkns.2013.53.6.356","journal-title":"J Korean Neurosurg Soc"},{"issue":"9","key":"7799_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-014-3631-1","volume":"24","author":"J Xiao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xiao J, Huang YC, Lam SK, Luk KD (2015) Surgical technique for lumbar intervertebral disc transplantation in a goat model. Eur Spine J 24(9):1951\u20131958. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-014-3631-1","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"17","key":"7799_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200109010-00011","volume":"26","author":"CW Pfirrmann","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pfirrmann CW, Metzdorf A, Zanetti M, Hodler J, Boos N (2001) Magnetic resonance classification of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine 26(17):1873\u20131878. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007632-200109010-00011","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"4","key":"7799_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199904000-00009","volume":"81","author":"AS Hilibrand","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hilibrand AS, Carlson GD, Palumbo MA, Jones PK, Bohlman HH (1999) Radiculopathy and myelopathy at segments adjacent to the site of a previous anterior cervical arthrodesis. J Bone Joint Surg Am Vol 81(4):519\u2013528","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am Vol"},{"issue":"6 Suppl","key":"7799_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190S","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2004.07.007","volume":"4","author":"AS Hilibrand","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hilibrand AS, Robbins M (2004) Adjacent segment degeneration and adjacent segment disease: the consequences of spinal fusion? Spine J 4(6 Suppl):190S-194S. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2004.07.007","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"4","key":"7799_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-4254-7","volume":"43","author":"Z Buser","year":"2019","unstructured":"Buser Z, Chung AS, Abedi A, Wang JC (2019) The future of disc surgery and regeneration. Int Orthop 43(4):995\u20131002. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-018-4254-7","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"2","key":"7799_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.2040076.038","volume":"17","author":"SH Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee SH, Son DW, Lee JS, Sung SK, Lee SW, Song GS (2020) Relationship between endplate defects, modic change, facet joint degeneration, and disc degeneration of cervical spine. Neurospine 17(2):443\u2013452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14245\/ns.2040076.038","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"issue":"13","key":"7799_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1674","DOI":"10.1080\/15384101.2016.1152433","volume":"15","author":"C Feng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Feng C, Liu H, Yang M, Zhang Y, Huang B, Zhou Y (2016) Disc cell senescence in intervertebral disc degeneration: Causes and molecular pathways. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 15(13):1674\u20131684. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15384101.2016.1152433","journal-title":"Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)"}],"container-title":["European Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-023-07799-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00586-023-07799-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-023-07799-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T03:25:03Z","timestamp":1696908303000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00586-023-07799-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,18]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["7799"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-023-07799-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0940-6719","1432-0932"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0940-6719","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0932","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 February 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 April 2023","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 May 2023","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 June 2023","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no potential conflict of interest in the research, authorship and publication of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}