{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T01:48:18Z","timestamp":1790560098314,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]],"date-time":"2023-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690934400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]],"date-time":"2023-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690934400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005366","name":"University of Oslo","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005366","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Spine J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the prevalence of scoliosis and the rate of scoliosis progression in children with severe cerebral palsy (CP) at GMFCS levels III\u2013V.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two hundred and six children (86 girls, 120 boys), born 2002\u20132008, were recruited from The Norwegian Quality and Surveillance Registry for Cerebral Palsy (NorCP). Inclusion criteria were bilateral CP and GMFCS levels III\u2013V. Scoliosis was evaluated annually by examination of the spine by a physiotherapist. Radiographic examination was performed in children with moderate or severe scoliosis at clinical evaluation. The Cobb angle was used as a measure of curve magnitude.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Scoliosis, defined as Cobb angle\u2009\u2265\u200910\u00b0, occurred in 121 children (59%). Severe scoliosis (Cobb angle\u2009\u2265\u200940\u00b0) developed in 80 of the 206 patients (39%) at a mean age of 10.9\u00a0years (range 5\u201316) and was more prevalent in children at GMFCS level V (62%) than at levels IV (19%) and III (6%). Initial Cobb angle, Cobb angle\u2009\u2265\u200930\u00b0 at age 10\u00a0years, and GMFCS level V were independent risk factors for severe scoliosis. In children at GMFCS level V, the rate of scoliosis progression decreased with age from a mean of 9.7\u00b0 per year at age 3\u20135\u00a0years to 2\u20133\u00b0 per year in children\u2009\u2265\u200911\u00a0years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of scoliosis among children with CP increased with decreasing motor functional level. The most important risk factors for progression of scoliosis were high initial Cobb angle, Cobb angle\u2009\u2265\u200930\u00b0 at age 10\u00a0years, and GMFCS level V.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-023-07868-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]],"date-time":"2023-08-02T12:02:03Z","timestamp":1690977723000},"page":"4030-4036","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Scoliosis in children with severe cerebral palsy: a population-based study of 206 children at GMFCS levels III\u2013V"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5594-6483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Svend","family":"Vinje","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terje","family":"Terjesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Kibsg\u00e5rd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"13","key":"7868_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199707010-00007","volume":"22","author":"ME Majd","year":"1997","unstructured":"Majd ME, Muldowny DS, Holt RT (1997) Natural history of scoliosis in the institutionalized adult cerebral palsy population. 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(2020) Norsk kvalitets- og oppf\u00f8lgingsregister for cerebral parese (NorCP) - \u00c5rsrapport for 2020 med plan for forbedringstiltak - [Internet]\u00a0[modified 2020 June"},{"key":"#cr-split#-7868_CR14.2","unstructured":"cited 2022 Mai 25]. - Available from: https:\/\/www.siv.no\/seksjon\/CPregisteret_\/Documents\/Arsrapporter\/NorCP%202020%20\u00c5rsrapport.pdf"}],"container-title":["European Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-023-07868-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00586-023-07868-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-023-07868-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,29]],"date-time":"2023-10-29T22:04:03Z","timestamp":1698617043000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00586-023-07868-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["7868"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-023-07868-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0940-6719","1432-0932"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0940-6719","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0932","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 June 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 June 2023","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 July 2023","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 August 2023","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"None.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}