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The patients were grouped based on whether they received definitive fusion or a growth-accommodating system, whether they had a complication that led to early surgery, osteotomy or non-osteotomy. Number of major operations, Cobb angle correction and perioperative blood loss were the outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>18 patients received a growing system and 12 were fused at index surgery. The growing system group underwent a mean of 2.38 (\u00b1\u20091.03) surgeries versus 1.91 (\u00b1\u20092.27) in the fusion group, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01. If an early revision was necessitated due to a complication, then the number of major surgeries per patient was 3.37 (\u00b1\u20092.44) versus 1.77 (\u00b1\u20090.97) in the group that did not undergo an early revision, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01. Four patients developed a superficial and six a deep wound infection, while loosening\/breakage occurred in 10 patients. The Cobb angle was improved from a mean of 69 to 22 degrees postoperatively. Osteotomy did not lead to an increase in perioperative blood loss or number of major operations.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Growing systems had more major operations in comparison with fusion surgery and early revision surgery led to higher numbers of major operations per patient; these differences were statistically significant. Definitive fusion at index surgery might be the better option in some MMC patients with a high-risk profile.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-023-07996-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T19:02:42Z","timestamp":1698174162000},"page":"739-745","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Growing rods in meningomyelocele lead to increased risk for complications in comparison with fusion; a retrospective study of 30 patients treated for at the University Hospital of Uppsala"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1502-1221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael G.","family":"Kontakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Pazarlis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Karlsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e5kan","family":"Jonsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikos","family":"Schizas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"7996_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200605000-00005","volume":"14","author":"JT Guille","year":"2006","unstructured":"Guille JT, Sarwark JF, Sherk HH, Kumar SJ (2006) Congenital and developmental deformities of the spine in children with myelomeningocele. 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