{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T19:36:13Z","timestamp":1792179373045,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]],"date-time":"2024-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]],"date-time":"2024-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"LifeHealthCare"},{"name":"Curtin University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Spine J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A recent study reported a 34% mid-term revision rate after M6-C\u2122 cervical total disc replacement (CTDR) for wear-related osteolysis. Here, we aim to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and radiographic characteristics of periprosthetic bony changes and implant failure of the M6-C\u2122 artificial disc.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We retrospectively analysed radiographic (conventional X-ray, CT scan) and clinical outcomes (EQ-5D-5L, Neck Disability Index (NDI), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for neck and arm pain) data collected during routine follow-up of patients who underwent CTDR with the M6-C\u2122 between 2011 and 2015.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In total, 85 patients underwent CTDR with the M6-C\u2122. Follow-up data were available for 43 patients (54% female, mean age 44\u00a0years) with 50 implants and a mean follow-up of 8.1\u00a0years (6.5\u201311\u00a0years). Implant failure with the presence of severe osteolysis was identified in 5 (12%) patients who were all male (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.016) and implanted at the C5\/6 level (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.11). All failed implants required revision surgery. The overall prevalence of osteolysis was 44% (22\/50 implants) and 34% (17\/50 implants) for significant heterotopic ossification. Patients with high-grade osteolysis showed higher VAS arm pain (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.05) and lower EQ-5D-VAS health VAS (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We report a lower reoperation rate for failed M6-C\u2122 implants than previously published, but confirmed that osteolysis and heterotopic ossification are common following CTDR with the M6-C\u2122 and may be asymptomatic. Therefore, we strongly recommend ongoing clinical and radiographic monitoring after CTDR with the M6-C\u2122, particularly for male patients implanted at the C5\/6 level.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-024-08129-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]],"date-time":"2024-02-16T10:02:32Z","timestamp":1708077752000},"page":"1292-1299","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Heterotopic ossification, osteolysis and implant failure following cervical total disc replacement with the M6-C\u2122 artificial disc"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Sonja","family":"H\u00e4ckel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4919-5078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica","family":"Gaff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moreica","family":"Pabbruwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alana","family":"Celenza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Kern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Miles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greg","family":"Cunningham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"8129_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2015.05.010","volume":"15","author":"MF Shriver","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shriver MF, Lewis DJ, Kshettry VR, Rosenbaum BP, Benzel EC, Mroz TE (2015) Pseudoarthrosis rates in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a meta-analysis. 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