{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T13:25:07Z","timestamp":1777901107355,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756080000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Spine J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-025-09293-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T05:31:40Z","timestamp":1756099900000},"page":"1645-1656","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Distal junctional failure in posterior cervical and cervicothoracic fusion: A systematic review and meta-analysis of associated factors"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Mohsen","family":"Rostami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1545-9218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sadegh","family":"Bagherzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Traynelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Fontes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"9293_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scheer JK, Fakurnejad S, Lau D, Daubs MD, Coe JD, Paonessa KJ, LaGrone MO, Amaral RA, Trobisch PD, Lee J-H, Fabris-Monterumici D, Anand N, Cree AK, Hart RA, Hey LA, Ames CP (2015) The SRSASDC Results of the 2014 SRS Survey on PJK\/PJF: A Report on Variation of Select SRS Member Practice Patterns, Treatment Indications, and Opinions on Classification Development. Spine 40","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000897"},{"key":"9293_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004033","author":"PG Passias","year":"2021","unstructured":"Passias PG, Bortz C, Pierce KE, Kummer NA, Lafage R, Diebo BG, Line BG, Lafage V, Burton DC, Klineberg EO, Kim HJ, Daniels AH, Mundis GM, Protopsaltis TS, Eastlack RK, Sciubba DM, Bess S, Schwab FJ, Shaffrey CI, Smith JS, Ames CP (2021) Appropriate risk stratification and accounting for age-adjusted reciprocal changes in the thoracolumbar spine reduces the incidence and magnitude of distal junctional kyphosis in cervical deformity surgery. Spine. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004033","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"9293_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2015.05.028","volume":"15","author":"MW Smith","year":"2015","unstructured":"Smith MW, Annis P, Lawrence BD, Daubs MD, Brodke DS (2015) Acute proximal junctional failure in patients with preoperative sagittal imbalance. Spine J 15:2142\u20132148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2015.05.028","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"9293_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.3171\/2022.9.SPINE22549","volume":"38","author":"B Lazaro","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lazaro B, Sardi JP, Smith JS, Kelly MP, Yanik EL, Dial B, Hills J, Gupta MC, Baldus CR, Yen CP, Lafage V, Ames CP, Bess S, Schwab F, Shaffrey CI, Bridwell KH (2023) Proximal junctional failure in primary thoracolumbar fusion\/fixation to the sacrum\/pelvis for adult symptomatic lumbar scoliosis: long-term follow-up of a prospective multicenter cohort of 160 patients. J Neurosurg Spine 38:319\u2013330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2022.9.SPINE22549","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"9293_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211017478","volume":"13","author":"HJ Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim HJ, Yao Y-C, Bannwarth M, Smith JS, Klineberg EO, Mundis GM, Protopsaltis TS, Charles-Elysee J, Bess S, Shaffrey CI, Passias PG, Schwab FJ, Ames CP, Lafage V (2021) Cervicothoracic versus proximal thoracic lower instrumented vertebra have comparable radiographic and clinical outcomes in adult cervical deformity. Glob Spine J 13:1056\u20131063. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/21925682211017478","journal-title":"Glob Spine J"},{"key":"9293_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/neu.0000000000002714","author":"AO Aguirre","year":"2024","unstructured":"Aguirre AO, Soliman MAR, Kuo CC, Ruggiero N, Im J, Chintaluru Y, Khan AMA, Khan A, Hess RM, Rho K, Smolar DE, Mullin JP, Pollina J (2024) Cervical vertebral bone quality score independently predicts distal junctional kyphosis after posterior cervical fusion. Neurosurgery. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1227\/neu.0000000000002714","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"9293_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, Shamseer L, Tetzlaff JM, Akl EA, Brennan SE, Chou R, Glanville J, Grimshaw JM, Hr\u00f3bjartsson A, Lalu MM, Li T, Loder EW, Mayo-Wilson E, McDonald S, McGuinness LA, Stewart LA, Thomas J, Tricco AC, Welch VA, Whiting P, Moher D (2021) The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 372:n71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.n71","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"9293_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-010-9491-z","volume":"25","author":"A Stang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Stang A (2010) Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses. Eur J Epidemiol 25:603\u2013605. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10654-010-9491-z","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"9293_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1016\/s0895-4356(01)00377-8","volume":"54","author":"JA Sterne","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sterne JA, Egger M (2001) Funnel plots for detecting bias in meta-analysis: guidelines on choice of axis. J Clin Epidemiol 54:1046\u20131055. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0895-4356(01)00377-8","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"9293_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000015987","volume":"98","author":"L Shi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shi L, Lin L (2019) The trim-and-fill method for publication bias: practical guidelines and recommendations based on a large database of meta-analyses. Medicine (Baltimore) 98:e15987. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/md.0000000000015987","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"9293_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-7-40","volume":"7","author":"L Bax","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bax L, Yu LM, Ikeda N, Moons KG (2007) A systematic comparison of software dedicated to meta-analysis of causal studies. BMC Med Res Methodol 7:40. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2288-7-40","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"9293_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.3171\/2022.8.SPINE22298","volume":"38","author":"S-J Yoo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yoo S-J, Park J-Y, Chin D-K, Kim K-S, Cho Y-E, Kim K-H (2023) Predictive risk factors for mechanical complications after multilevel posterior cervical instrumented fusion. J Neurosurg Spine 38:165\u2013173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2022.8.SPINE22298","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"9293_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.3171\/2023.12.SPINE23481","volume":"40","author":"F Ani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ani F, Sissman E, Woo D, Soroceanu A, Mundis G, Eastlack RK, Smith JS, Hamilton DK, Kim HJ, Daniels AH, Klineberg EO, Neuman B, Sciubba DM, Gupta MC, Kebaish KM, Passias PG, Hart RA, Bess S, Shaffrey CI, Schwab FJ, Lafage V, Ames CP, Protopsaltis TS (2024) Are insufficient corrections a major factor in distal junctional kyphosis? A simulated analysis of cervical deformity correction using in-construct measurements. J Neurosurg Spine 40:622\u2013629. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2023.12.SPINE23481","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"9293_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000001281","author":"ZW Pinter","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pinter ZW, Karamian B, Bou Monsef J, Mao J, Xiong A, Bowles DR, Conaway WK, Reiter DM, Honig R, Currier B, Nassr A, Freedman BA, Bydon M, Elder BD, Kaye ID, Kepler C, Schroeder G, Vaccaro A, Wagner S, Sebastian AS (2022) Cervical alignment and proximal and distal junctional failure in posterior cervical fusion: a multicenter comparison of 2 surgical approaches. Clin Spine Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BSD.0000000000001281","journal-title":"Clin Spine Surg"},{"key":"9293_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2021.0192","volume":"65","author":"JJ Lee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lee JJ, Park JH, Oh YG, Shin HK, Park BG (2022) Change in the alignment and distal junctional kyphosis development after posterior cervical spinal fusion surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy \u2013 risk factor analysis. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 65:549\u2013557. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3340\/jkns.2021.0192","journal-title":"J Korean Neurosurg Soc"},{"key":"9293_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-023-07631-6","volume":"32","author":"J Ye","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ye J, Rider SM, Lafage R, Gupta S, Farooqi AS, Protopsaltis TS, Passias PG, Smith JS, Lafage V, Kim H-J, Klineberg EO, Kebaish KM, Scheer JK, Mundis GM, Soroceanu A, Bess S, Ames CP, Shaffrey CI, Gupta MC, The International Spine Study G (2023) Distal junctional kyphosis in adult cervical deformity patients: where does it occur? Eur Spine J 32:1598\u20131606. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-023-07631-6","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"9293_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004372","author":"PG Passias","year":"2023","unstructured":"Passias PG, Naessig S, Sagoo N, Passfall L, Ahmad W, Lafage R, Lafage V, Vira S, Schoenfeld AJ, Oh C, Protopsaltis T, Kim HJ, Daniels A, Hart R, Burton D, Klineberg EO, Bess S, Schwab F, Shaffrey C, Ames CP, Smith JS, On Behalf of the International Spine Study G (2023) Establishment of an individualized distal junctional kyphosis risk index following the surgical treatment of adult cervical deformities. Spine. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004372","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"9293_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jcvjs.jcvjs_23_21","author":"PG Passias","year":"2021","unstructured":"Passias PG, Alas H, Pierce KE, Galetta M, Krol O, Passfall L, Kummer N, Naessig S, Ahmad W, Diebo BG, Lafage R, Lafage V (2021) The impact of the lower instrumented level on outcomes in cervical deformity surgery. J Craniovertebr Junction Spine. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jcvjs.jcvjs_23_21","journal-title":"J Craniovertebr Junction Spine"},{"key":"9293_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyz347","author":"PG Passias","year":"2020","unstructured":"Passias PG, Horn SR, Oh C, Lafage R, Lafage V, Smith JS, Line B, Protopsaltis TS, Yagi M, Bortz CA, Segreto FA, Alas H, Diebo BG, Sciubba DM, Kelly MP, Daniels AH, Klineberg EO, Burton DC, Hart RA, Schwab FJ, Bess S, Shaffrey CI, Ames CP, On behalf of The International Spine Study G (2020) Predicting the occurrence of postoperative distal junctional kyphosis in cervical deformity patients. Neurosurgery. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/neuros\/nyz347","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"9293_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.4184\/asj.2016.10.3.593","volume":"10","author":"J Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee J, Park YS (2016) Proximal junctional kyphosis: diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment. Asian Spine J 10:593\u2013600. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4184\/asj.2016.10.3.593","journal-title":"Asian Spine J"},{"key":"9293_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1319771","volume":"2","author":"K Lundine","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lundine K, Turner P, Johnson M (2012) Thoracic hyperkyphosis: assessment of the distal fusion level. Glob Spine J 2:65\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0032-1319771","journal-title":"Glob Spine J"},{"key":"9293_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.88b10.17683","volume":"88","author":"PV Giannoudis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Giannoudis PV, Schneider E (2006) Principles of fixation of osteoporotic fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Br 88:1272\u20131278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620x.88b10.17683","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"8","key":"9293_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682241250031","volume":"14","author":"EA Lechtholz-Zey","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lechtholz-Zey EA, Gettleman BS, Ayad M, Mills ES, Shelby H, Ton A, Shah I, Safaee MM, Wang JC, Alluri RK, Hah RJ (2024) The effect of osteoporosis on complications and reoperation rates after surgical management of adult thoracolumbar spinal deformity: a systematic review and meta analysis. Glob Spine J 21925682241250031. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/21925682241250031","journal-title":"Glob Spine J"},{"key":"9293_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1111\/os.13973","volume":"16","author":"Y Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang Y, Li J, Xi Y, Zeng Y, Yu M, Sun Z, Ma Y, Liu Z, Chen Z, Li W (2024) Distal junctional failures in degenerative thoracolumbar hyperkyphosis. Orthop Surg 16:830\u2013841. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/os.13973","journal-title":"Orthop Surg"},{"key":"9293_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31820110b4","volume":"36","author":"M Yagi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yagi M, King AB, Boachie-Adjei O (2011) Characterization of osteopenia\/osteoporosisin adult scoliosis: does bone density affect surgical outcome? Spine 36:1652\u20131657","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"9293_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-020-06291-0","volume":"29","author":"F Rodriguez-Fontan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Fontan F, Reeves BJ, Noshchenko A, Ou-Yang D, Kleck CJ, Cain C, der Burger-Van E, Patel VV (2020) Strap stabilization for proximal junctional kyphosis prevention in instrumented posterior spinal fusion. Eur Spine J 29:1287\u20131296","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"9293_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000031692","volume":"101","author":"X Yu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yu X, Sun S, Zhang S, Hao Q, Zhu B, Teng Y, Long Q, Li S, Lv Y, Yue Q, Lu S, Teng Z (2022) A pooled analysis of the association between sarcopenia and osteoporosis. Medicine (Baltimore) 101:e31692. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/md.0000000000031692","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"9293_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211017477","volume":"13","author":"L Yuan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yuan L, Zhang X, Zeng Y, Chen Z, Li W (2023) Incidence, risk, and outcome of pedicle screw loosening in degenerative lumbar scoliosis patients undergoing long-segment fusion. Glob Spine J 13:1064\u20131071","journal-title":"Glob Spine J"},{"key":"9293_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2017.05.015","volume":"17","author":"GM Ghobrial","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ghobrial GM, Eichberg DG, Kolcun JPG, Madhavan K, Lebwohl NH, Green BA, Gjolaj JP (2017) Prophylactic vertebral cement augmentation at the uppermost instrumented vertebra and rostral adjacent vertebra for the prevention of proximal junctional kyphosis and failure following long-segment fusion for adult spinal deformity. Spine J 17:1499\u20131505. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2017.05.015","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"9293_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e31816a6887","volume":"22","author":"E Sun","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sun E, Alkalay R, Vader D, Snyder BD (2009) Preventing distal pullout of posterior spine instrumentation in thoracic hyperkyphosis: a biomechanical analysis. J Spinal Disord Tech 22:270\u2013277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BSD.0b013e31816a6887","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech"},{"key":"9293_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11092577","author":"H Kanno","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kanno H, Onoda Y, Hashimoto K, Aizawa T, Ozawa H (2022) Innovation of surgical techniques for screw fixation in patients with osteoporotic spine. J Clin Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm11092577","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"9293_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3055","DOI":"10.1111\/os.13878","volume":"15","author":"Y Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu Y, Yuan L, Zeng Y, Li W (2023) Risk factors for distal junctional problems following long instrumented fusion for degenerative lumbar scoliosis: are they related to the paraspinal muscles. Orthop Surg 15:3055\u20133064. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/os.13878","journal-title":"Orthop Surg"},{"key":"9293_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"White AA 3rd, Panjabi MM (1978) The basic kinematics of the human spine. A review of past and current knowledge. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 3:12\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007632-197803000-00003","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-197803000-00003"},{"key":"9293_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/s0268-0033(00)00034-6","volume":"15","author":"N Bogduk","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bogduk N, Mercer S (2000) Biomechanics of the cervical spine. I: Normal kinematics. Clin Biomech (Bristol Avon) 15:633\u2013648. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0268-0033(00)00034-6","journal-title":"Clin Biomech (Bristol Avon)"},{"key":"9293_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2262","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-018-5700-3","volume":"27","author":"D Ignasiak","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ignasiak D, Peteler T, Fekete TF, Haschtmann D, Ferguson SJ (2018) The influence of spinal fusion length on proximal junction biomechanics: a parametric computational study. Eur Spine J 27:2262\u20132271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-018-5700-3","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"9293_CR36","first-page":"98","volume":"53","author":"EC Benzel","year":"2006","unstructured":"Benzel EC, Kayanja M, Fleischman A, Roy S (2006) Spine biomechanics: fundamentals and future. Clin Neurosurg 53:98\u2013105","journal-title":"Clin Neurosurg"},{"key":"9293_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1549032","volume":"5","author":"T Tanouchi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tanouchi T, Shimizu T, Fueki K, Ino M, Toda N, Manabe N, Itoh K (2015) Distal junctional disease after occipitothoracic fusion for rheumatoid cervical disorders: correlation with cervical spine sagittal alignment. Glob Spine J 5:372\u2013377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0035-1549032","journal-title":"Glob Spine J"},{"issue":"1","key":"9293_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682231195954","volume":"15","author":"S Montanari","year":"2023","unstructured":"Montanari S, Griffoni C, Cristofolini L, Girolami M, Gasbarrini A, Barbanti Br\u00f2dano G (2023) Correlation between sagittal balance and mechanical distal junctional failure in degenerative pathology of the spine: a retrospective analysis. Glob Spine J 21925682231195954. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/21925682231195954","journal-title":"Glob Spine J"},{"key":"9293_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2023.06.006","volume":"34","author":"GF Marciano","year":"2023","unstructured":"Marciano GF, Simhon ME, Lehman RA, Lenke LG (2023) Strategies to avoid distal junctional pathology. Neurosurg Clin N Am 34:585\u2013597. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nec.2023.06.006","journal-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am"},{"key":"9293_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000197221.23109.fc","volume":"31","author":"TG Lowe","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lowe TG, Lenke L, Betz R, Newton P, Clements D, Haher T, Crawford A, Letko L, Wilson LA (2006) Distal junctional kyphosis of adolescent idiopathic thoracic curves following anterior or posterior instrumented fusion: incidence, risk factors, and prevention. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 31:299\u2013302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.brs.0000197221.23109.fc","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"9293_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jspd.2017.06.007","volume":"6","author":"J Yang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yang J, Andras LM, Broom AM, Gonsalves NR, Barrett KK, Georgiadis AG, Flynn JM, Tolo VT, Skaggs DL (2018) Preventing distal junctional kyphosis by applying the stable sagittal vertebra concept to selective thoracic fusion in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine Deform 6:38\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jspd.2017.06.007","journal-title":"Spine Deform"}],"container-title":["European Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-025-09293-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00586-025-09293-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-025-09293-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T10:51:42Z","timestamp":1777632702000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00586-025-09293-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["9293"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-025-09293-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0940-6719","1432-0932"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0940-6719","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0932","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 May 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 August 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 August 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}