{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T09:46:59Z","timestamp":1782294419801,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Spine J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-025-09517-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T14:33:58Z","timestamp":1762007638000},"page":"3110-3119","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Surgical failures and revision strategies in Basilar invagination: an exploratory analysis of 145 published cases"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Tommy Alfandy","family":"Nazwar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasim","family":"Amar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farhad","family":"Bal\u2019afif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donny Wisnu","family":"Wardhana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fachriy","family":"Bal\u2019afif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"9517_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-8237.110115","volume":"3","author":"A Goel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Goel A (2012) Instability and Basilar invagination. J Craniovertebr Junction Spine 3:1\u20132","journal-title":"J Craniovertebr Junction Spine"},{"key":"9517_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.236992","volume":"66","author":"A Goel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Goel A (2018) Basilar invagination, Syringomyelia and Chiari formation and their relationship with atlantoaxial instability. Neurol India 66:940\u2013942","journal-title":"Neurol India"},{"key":"9517_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-020-04429-z","volume":"162","author":"A Wagner","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wagner A, Grassner L, K\u00f6gl N et al (2020) Chiari malformation type I and Basilar invagination originating from atlantoaxial instability: a literature review and critical analysis. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 162:1553\u20131563","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"9517_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2187","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-011-1865-8","volume":"20","author":"M Tan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tan M, Jiang X, Yi P et al (2011) Revision surgery of irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation: A retrospective study of 16 cases. Eur Spine J 20:2187\u20132194","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"9517_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.2040522.261","volume":"17","author":"A Goel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Goel A (2020) Basilar invagination: instability is the cause and stabilization is the treatment. Neurospine 17:585\u2013587","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"key":"9517_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Botelho RV, Alves OL, De S\u00e1 Carneiro G et al Surgical treatment of Basilar invagination: WFNS spine committee recommendations. Spine (Phila Pa (1976)); 50. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000005282. (Epub ahead of print 2025)","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000005282"},{"key":"9517_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Donnally CJ, Munakomi S, A.Varacallo M (2019) Basilar invagination. In: NCBI Bookshelf. pp. 423\u2013428","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-98875-7_51"},{"key":"9517_CR8","first-page":"22","volume":"125","author":"O Divitiis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Divitiis O, De, Conti A, Somma T et al (2019) New Trends Craniovertebral Junction Surg 125:22\u201325","journal-title":"New Trends Craniovertebral Junction Surg"},{"key":"9517_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.4.SPINE1921","volume":"31","author":"W Duan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Duan W, Chou D, Jiang B et al (2019) Posterior revision surgery using an intraarticular distraction technique with cage grafting to treat atlantoaxial dislocation associated with Basilar invagination. J Neurosurg Spine 31:525\u2013533","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"9517_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105793","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2020.105793","volume":"194","author":"YQ Du","year":"2020","unstructured":"Du YQ, Qiao GY, Yin YH et al (2020) Posterior atlantoaxial facet joint reduction, fixation and fusion as revision surgery for failed suboccipital decompression in patients with Basilar invagination and atlantoaxial dislocation: operative nuances, challenges and outcomes. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 194:105793","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"9517_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.193781","volume":"64","author":"P Sindgikar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sindgikar P, Das KK, Sardhara J et al (2016) Craniovertebral junction anomalies: when is resurgery required? Neurol India 64:1220\u20131232","journal-title":"Neurol India"},{"key":"9517_CR12","first-page":"0","volume":"97","author":"C Tang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tang C, Li GZ, Kang M et al (2018) Revision surgery after rod breakage in a patient with occipitocervical fusion. Med (United States) 97:0\u20135","journal-title":"Med (United States)"},{"key":"9517_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-021-00303-9","volume":"9","author":"A Achalare","year":"2021","unstructured":"Achalare A, Chaudhary K, Dhawale A et al (2021) Transoral release to realign postoperative loss of reduction following occipitocervical fixation for congenital Basilar invagination. Spine Deform 9:1197\u20131205","journal-title":"Spine Deform"},{"key":"9517_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bozkurt I, Unsal UU, Senturk S et al (2025) A new technique: endoscopic transmass odontoidotomy. Eur Spine J 34:1256\u20131262","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-025-08688-1"},{"key":"9517_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.2017.1389425","volume":"39","author":"S Patkar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Patkar S (2017) Craniovertebral fixation \u2026 a new technique of occipital\u2013cervical fixation. Neurol Res 39:1125\u20131128","journal-title":"Neurol Res"},{"key":"9517_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qi M, Du Y, Zhang B et al (2024) Analysis of failed posterior fossa decompression and an effective revision surgery in patients with Basilar invagination and atlantoaxial dislocation. Orthop Surg 16:3088\u20133097","DOI":"10.1111\/os.14252"},{"key":"9517_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-014-3169-2","volume":"23","author":"J Yang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yang J, Ma X, Xia H et al (2014) Transoral anterior revision surgeries for Basilar invagination with irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation after posterior decompression: A retrospective study of 30 cases. Eur Spine J 23:1099\u20131108","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"9517_CR18","first-page":"1","volume":"21","author":"X Zou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zou X, Wang B, Yang H et al (2020) Transoral intraarticular cage distraction and C-JAWS fixation for revision of Basilar invagination with irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 21:1\u20138","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"9517_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000179414.64741.7b","volume":"30","author":"A Goel","year":"2005","unstructured":"Goel A (2005) Progressive Basilar invagination after transoral odontoidectomy: treatment by atlantoaxial facet distraction and craniovertebral realignment. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 30:551\u2013555","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"9517_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181bad0c2","volume":"35","author":"D Hedequist","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hedequist D, Bekelis K, Emans J et al (2010) Single stage reduction and stabilization of Basilar invagination after failed prior fusion surgery in children with down\u2019s syndrome. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 35:128\u2013133","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"9517_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1111\/os.13086","volume":"14","author":"Y Sun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sun Y, Yang F, Ma H, ning et al (2022) Occipitocervical revision surgery using the bicortical screw and plate system for failed craniovertebral junction stabilization. Orthop Surg 14:238\u2013245","journal-title":"Orthop Surg"},{"key":"9517_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang B, Du Y, Zhang C et al (2024) Analysis of failed atlantoaxial reduction: causes of failure and strategies for revision. Orthop Surg 16:2741\u20132750","DOI":"10.1111\/os.14197"},{"key":"9517_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.53260","volume":"57","author":"A Goel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Goel A (2009) Basilar invagination, Chiari malformation, syringomyelia: A review. Neurol India 57:235\u2013246","journal-title":"Neurol India"},{"key":"9517_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.02.176","volume":"114","author":"Q Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang Q, Wu X, Tan M et al (2018) Is anatomic reduction better than partial reduction in patients with vertical atlantoaxial dislocation? World Neurosurg 114:e301\u2013e305","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"9517_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.7.SPINE1152","volume":"15","author":"P Salunke","year":"2011","unstructured":"Salunke P, Sharma M, Sodhi HBS et al (2011) Congenital atlantoaxial dislocation: A dynamic process and role of facets in irreducibility: clinical Article. J Neurosurg Spine 15:678\u2013685","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"9517_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.236988","volume":"66","author":"P Salunke","year":"2018","unstructured":"Salunke P (2018) Review of controversies or a \u2018controversial review\u2019 on the surgical management of congenital craniovertebral junction anomalies. Neurol India 66:947\u2013948","journal-title":"Neurol India"},{"key":"9517_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.12.SPINE14310","volume":"23","author":"P Salunke","year":"2015","unstructured":"Salunke P, Sahoo SK, Deepak AN et al (2015) Comprehensive drilling of the C1-2 facets to achieve direct posterior reduction in irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation. J Neurosurg Spine 23:294\u2013302","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"9517_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-015-4370-7","volume":"25","author":"P Salunke","year":"2016","unstructured":"Salunke P, Sahoo SK, Futane S et al (2016) Atlas shrugged\u2019: congenital lateral angular irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation: a case series of complex variant and its management. Eur Spine J 25:1098\u20131108","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"9517_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.07.097","volume":"95","author":"P Salunke","year":"2016","unstructured":"Salunke P, Sahoo SK, Deepak AN et al (2016) Redefining congenital atlantoaxial dislocation: objective assessment in each plane before and after operation. World Neurosurg 95:156\u2013164","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"9517_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2016.04.001","volume":"145","author":"P Salunke","year":"2016","unstructured":"Salunke P, Sahoo S, Sood S et al (2016) Focusing on the delayed complications of fusing occipital squama to cervical spine for stabilization of congenital atlantoaxial dislocation and Basilar invagination. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 145:19\u201327","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"9517_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.4103\/joss.joss_15_23","volume":"10","author":"P Salunke","year":"2023","unstructured":"Salunke P (2023) Perils of fusing the occipital squama to the cervical spine for craniovertebral junction instability. J Spinal Surg 10:42\u201346","journal-title":"J Spinal Surg"},{"key":"9517_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2015.06.011","volume":"26","author":"T Ridder","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ridder T, Anderson RCE, Hankinson TC (2015) Ventral decompression in Chiari Malformation, Basilar Invagination, and related disorders. Neurosurg Clin N Am 26:571\u2013578","journal-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am"},{"key":"9517_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.12.013","volume":"111","author":"S Lan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lan S, Xu J, Wu Z et al (2018) Atlantoaxial joint distraction for the treatment of Basilar invagination: clinical outcomes and radiographic evaluation. World Neurosurg 111:e135\u2013e141","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"9517_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucir.2023.03.001","volume":"35","author":"AG Chinea","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chinea AG, Pressman E, Krafft PR et al (2024) C1\u2013C2 intraarticular distraction with anterior cervical cages for Basilar invagination realignment: operative technique nuances and review of literature. Neurocirugia 35:51\u201356","journal-title":"Neurocirugia"},{"key":"9517_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feng S, ping, Wang H wei, Qiao G, yu et al (2022) Indirect Ventral Brainstem Decompression by Posterior C1-C2 Distraction and Fixation for Basilar Invagination. World Neurosurg 163:e98\u2013e105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.064"}],"container-title":["European Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-025-09517-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00586-025-09517-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-025-09517-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T08:55:21Z","timestamp":1782291321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00586-025-09517-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["9517"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-025-09517-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0940-6719","1432-0932"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0940-6719","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0932","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 September 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 October 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 November 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"No human subjects are in this article, and informed consent is not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}