{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T17:05:59Z","timestamp":1784135159770,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766361600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Spine J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-025-09691-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T14:49:30Z","timestamp":1766414970000},"page":"4083-4090","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pediatric lumbar spine MRI: structural imaging findings and anatomical variants associated with disc herniation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"\u015e\u00fckriye","family":"Y\u0131lmaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasan","family":"Bulut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammed Erkan","family":"Emraho\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"9691_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000002006","volume":"42","author":"MT Nolte","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nolte MT, Harada GK, LeDuc R, Sayari AJ, Basques BA, Louie PK et al (2022) Pediatric back pain: A scoring system to guide use of magnetic resonance imaging. J Pediatr Orthop 42:116\u2013122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BPO.0000000000002006","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"9691_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1894","volume":"31","author":"DP Rodriguez","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rodriguez DP, Poussaint TY (2010) Imaging of back pain in children. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 31:787\u2013802. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3174\/ajnr.A1894","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"9691_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(02)00008-8","volume":"97","author":"KD Watson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Watson KD, Papageorgiou AC, Jones G, Taylor S, Symmons DP, Silman AJ, Macfarlane GJ (2002) Low back pain in schoolchildren: occurrence and characteristics. Pain 97:87\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0304-3959(02)00008-8","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"9691_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1177\/18632521231187370","volume":"17","author":"A Le\u00f3n-Dom\u00ednguez","year":"2023","unstructured":"Le\u00f3n-Dom\u00ednguez A, Cansino-Rom\u00e1n R, Mart\u00ednez-Salas JM, Farrington DM (2023) Clinical examination and imaging resources in children and adolescent back pain. J Child Orthop 17:512\u2013526. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/18632521231187370","journal-title":"J Child Orthop"},{"key":"9691_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-019-05989-9","volume":"28","author":"JJ Hebert","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hebert JJ, Leboeuf-Yde C, Franz C et al (2019) Pubertal development and growth are prospectively associated with spinal pain in young people (CHAMPS study-DK). Eur Spine J 28:1565\u20131571. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-019-05989-9","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"9691_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000000244","volume":"35","author":"N Ramirez","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ramirez N, Flynn JM, Hill BW, Serrano JA, Calvo CE, Bredy R et al (2015) Evaluation of a systematic approach to pediatric back pain: the utility of magnetic resonance imaging. J Pediatr Orthop 35:28\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BPO.0000000000000244","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"9691_CR7","first-page":"19","volume":"102","author":"S Achar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Achar S, Yamanaka J (2020) Back pain in children and adolescents. Am Fam Physician 102:19\u201328","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"9691_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2023.09.016","volume":"22","author":"H Dahmoush","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dahmoush H, Hisham et al (2024) ACR appropriateness Criteria\u00ae back Pain-Child: 2024 update. J Am Coll Radiol 22:79\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacr.2023.09.016","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"9691_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fardon DF, Williams AL, Dohring AJ, Murtagh FR, Rothman SLG, Sze GK (2014) Lumbar disc nomenclature: version 2.0: recommendations of the combined task forces of the North American spine society, the American society of spine radiology and the American society of neuroradiology. Spine J 14:2525\u20132545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2014.04.022"},{"key":"9691_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2023.05.050","volume":"18","author":"B Obeidat","year":"2023","unstructured":"Obeidat B, Abu-Hamdiyah OJ, Obeidat M, Damseh M, Al Sharie S (2023) Pediatric lumbar disc herniation: a case series on diagnosis and management. Radiol Case Rep 18:3000\u20133004. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.radcr.2023.05.050","journal-title":"Radiol Case Rep"},{"key":"9691_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2019.105486","volume":"185","author":"ALB Raghu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Raghu ALB, Wiggins A, Kandasamy J (2019) Pediatric and adolescent lumbar disc herniation: surgical management. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 185:105486. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clineuro.2019.105486","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"9691_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-160650","volume":"30","author":"M Karademir","year":"2017","unstructured":"Karademir M, Eser O, Karavelioglu E (2017) Lumbar disc herniation in adolescence: impact, diagnosis, and treatment. J Spine Musculoskelet Rehabil 30:347\u2013352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/BMR-160650","journal-title":"J Spine Musculoskelet Rehabil"},{"key":"9691_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-024-00927-3","volume":"22","author":"WS Tiendrebeogo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tiendrebeogo WS, Zabsonre DS, Kabore F et al (2024) Severe low back pain by disc herniation in pediatrics: an uncommon entity. Pediatr Rheumatol 22:1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12969-024-00927-3","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol"},{"key":"9691_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17795\/jpr-4725","volume":"4","author":"K Haddadi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Haddadi K (2016) Pediatric lumbar disc herniation: a review of manifestations, diagnosis and management. J Pediatr Rev 4:e4725. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17795\/jpr-4725","journal-title":"J Pediatr Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"9691_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198407000-00014","volume":"9","author":"AE Castellvi","year":"1984","unstructured":"Castellvi AE, Goldstein LA, Chan DP (1984) Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae and their relationship with lumbar extradural defects. Spine 9(5):493\u2013495","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"9691_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2024066854","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2024-066854","volume":"154","author":"JR Marin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Marin JR, Lyons TW, Claudius I et al (2024) Optimizing advanced imaging of the pediatric patient in the emergency department: policy statement. Pediatrics 154:e2024066854. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2024-066854","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"9691_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.oa.2023-0039","volume":"63","author":"H Aoki","year":"2023","unstructured":"Aoki H, Mugikura S, Shirane R et al (2023) Role of magnetic resonance imaging in the screening of closed spinal dysraphism. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 63:473\u2013481. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2176\/nmc.oa.2023-0039","journal-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)"},{"key":"9691_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.6016\/ZdravVestn.2914","volume":"88","author":"N \u0160u\u0161tar","year":"2019","unstructured":"\u0160u\u0161tar N, Paro Panjan D, Klju\u010dev\u0161ek D et al (2019) Diagnostic approach in an infant with spinal dysraphism. Zdrav Vestn 88:539\u2013553","journal-title":"Zdrav Vestn"},{"key":"9691_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1186\/s43055-019-0083-2","volume":"50","author":"R Zeitoun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zeitoun R, Mohieddin MSA (2019) Coronal STIR sequence, a simple adjustment to routine MRI protocol for extra-spinal sciatica and sciatica-like symptoms. Egypt J Radiol Nucl Med 50:74. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s43055-019-0083-2","journal-title":"Egypt J Radiol Nucl Med"},{"key":"9691_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e036023","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-036023","volume":"10","author":"AJ Palmer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Palmer AJ, Poveda JL, Martinez-Laguna D et al (2020) Childhood overweight and obesity and back pain risk: a cohort study of 466,997 children. BMJ Open 10:e036023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-036023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"9691_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s11832-012-0405-5","volume":"6","author":"KT Yamaguchi Jr","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yamaguchi KT Jr, Skaggs DL, Acevedo DC et al (2012) Spondylolysis is frequently missed by MRI in adolescents with back pain. J Child Orthop 6:237\u2013240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11832-012-0405-5","journal-title":"J Child Orthop"},{"key":"9691_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.cr.2017-0123","volume":"58","author":"K Yamashita","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yamashita K, Sakai T, Takata Y et al (2018) Utility of STIR-MRI in detecting the pain generator in asymmetric bilateral Pars fracture: a report of 5 cases. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 58:91\u201395 23","journal-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)"},{"key":"9691_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.3348\/jksr.2021.0020","volume":"83","author":"B Song","year":"2021","unstructured":"Song B, You SK, Lee JE et al (2021) Prevalence of incidentally detected spondylolysis in children. Taehan Yongsang Uihakhoe Chi 83:127\u2013137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3348\/jksr.2021.0020","journal-title":"Taehan Yongsang Uihakhoe Chi"},{"key":"9691_CR24","first-page":"e434","volume":"1","author":"A Nitta","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nitta A, Sakai T, Goda Y et al (2016) Prevalence of symptomatic lumbar spondylolysis in pediatric patients. Orthopedics 1:39: e434\u2013e437","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"9691_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967121995466","volume":"9","author":"T Yokoe","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yokoe T, Tajima T, Sugimura H et al (2021) Predictors of spondylolysis on magnetic resonance imaging in adolescent athletes with low back pain. Orthop J Sports Med 9:2325967121995466. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2325967121995466","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"9691_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2639","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465241264804","volume":"52","author":"P Kriz","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kriz P, Kobelski GP, Kriz JP (2024) Pars interarticularis and pedicle stress injuries in young athletes with low back pain: a retrospective cohort study of 902 patients evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging. Am J Sports Med 52:2639\u20132645","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"9691_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000105536.54375.AE","volume":"29","author":"K Luoma","year":"2004","unstructured":"Luoma K, Vehmas T, Raininko R et al (2004) Lumbosacral transitional vertebra: relation to disc degeneration and low back pain. Spine 29:200\u2013205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.BRS.0000105536.54375.AE","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"9691_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198409000-00011","volume":"9","author":"JA Epstein","year":"1984","unstructured":"Epstein JA, Epstein NE, Marc J et al (1984) Lumbar intervertebral disc herniation in adolescents: recognition and management of associated anomalies. Spine 9:427\u2013432. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007632-198409000-00011","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"9691_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.87B5.16059","volume":"87","author":"T Aihara","year":"2005","unstructured":"Aihara T, Takahashi K, Ogasawara A et al (2005) Intervertebral disc degeneration associated with lumbosacral transitional vertebrae: a clinical and anatomical study. J Bone Joint Surg Br 87:687\u2013691. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620X.87B5.16059","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"9691_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.04.1760","volume":"187","author":"RJ Hughes","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hughes RJ, Saifuddin A (2006) Numbering of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae on MRI: role of the iliolumbar ligaments. AJR Am J Roentgenol 187:59\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/AJR.04.1760","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"}],"container-title":["European Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-025-09691-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00586-025-09691-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-025-09691-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T16:28:30Z","timestamp":1784132910000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00586-025-09691-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["9691"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-025-09691-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0940-6719","1432-0932"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0940-6719","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0932","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 December 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 December 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 December 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}