{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T12:05:02Z","timestamp":1779537902334,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779494400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Spine J"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-026-10002-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T11:26:03Z","timestamp":1779535563000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Altered myogenic and lipid metabolism gene expression in paraspinal muscles of patients with adult spinal deformity who develop proximal junctional failure"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Pearce B.","family":"Haldeman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory M.","family":"Mundis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camille","family":"Nosewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anica","family":"Tillu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert K.","family":"Eastlack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bahar","family":"Shahidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10002_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyz454","volume":"87","author":"MM Safaee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Safaee MM, Ames CP, Smith JS (2020) Epidemiology and Socioeconomic Trends. Adult Spinal Deformity Care Neurosurg 87(1):25\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/neuros\/nyz454","journal-title":"Adult Spinal Deformity Care Neurosurg"},{"issue":"12","key":"10002_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2960","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-020-06453-0","volume":"29","author":"J McAviney","year":"2020","unstructured":"McAviney J, Roberts C, Sullivan B et al (2020) The prevalence of adult de novo scoliosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Spine J 29(12):2960\u20132969. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-020-06453-0","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10002_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-025-08497-z","volume":"26","author":"T Pieters","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pieters T, Santangelo G, Furst T et al (2025) An update on improvement and innovation in the management of adult thoracolumbar spinal deformity. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 26(1):272. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-025-08497-z","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"10002_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001202","author":"S Bess","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bess S, Line B, Fu KM et al (2016) Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 41(3):224\u2013233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001202. The Health Impact of Symptomatic Adult Spinal Deformity: Comparison of Deformity Types to United States Population Norms and Chronic Diseases"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"10002_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000938","volume":"77","author":"T Ailon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ailon T, Smith JS, Shaffrey CI et al (2015) Degenerative Spinal Deformity. Neurosurgery 77(Suppl 4):75\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000938","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"10193","key":"10002_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31125-0","volume":"394","author":"BG Diebo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Diebo BG, Shah NV, Boachie-Adjei O et al (2019) Adult spinal deformity. Lancet 394(10193):160\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31125-0","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10002_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.12.017","volume":"159","author":"Y Jia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jia Y, Peng Z, Qin Y et al (2022) Surgical versus Nonsurgical Treatment for Adult Spinal Deformity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. World Neurosurg 159:1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.12.017","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10002_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.1.SPINE181494","volume":"30","author":"JS Smith","year":"2019","unstructured":"Smith JS, Shaffrey CI, Ames CP et al (2019) Treatment of adult thoracolumbar spinal deformity: past, present, and future. J Neurosurg Spine 30(5):551\u2013567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2019.1.SPINE181494","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10002_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-14-00393","volume":"24","author":"HJ Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim HJ, Iyer S (2016) Proximal Junctional Kyphosis. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 24(5):318\u2013326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5435\/JAAOS-D-14-00393","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10002_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.2346566.283","volume":"20","author":"M Yagi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yagi M, Yamanouchi K, Fujita N et al (2023) Proximal Junctional Failure in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: An. In-depth Rev Neurospine 20(3):876\u2013889. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14245\/ns.2346566.283","journal-title":"In-depth Rev Neurospine"},{"issue":"25","key":"10002_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000627","volume":"39","author":"D Lau","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lau D, Clark AJ, Scheer JK et al (2014) Proximal junctional kyphosis and failure after spinal deformity surgery: a systematic review of the literature as a background to classification development. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 39(25):2093\u20132102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000627","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10002_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.08.010","volume":"24","author":"Z Tian","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tian Z, Li J, Xu H et al (2024) Prediction of proximal junctional kyphosis and failure after corrective surgery for adult spinal deformity: an MRI-based model combining bone and paraspinal muscle quality metrics. Spine J 24(12):2389\u20132399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.08.010","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10002_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.3171\/2023.9.SPINE23531","volume":"40","author":"JS Park","year":"2024","unstructured":"Park JS, Cho KJ, Kim JS et al (2024) Sarcopenia in paraspinal muscle as a risk factor of proximal junctional kyphosis and proximal junctional failure after adult spinal deformity surgery. J Neurosurg Spine 40(3):324\u2013330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2023.9.SPINE23531","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"12","key":"10002_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318271319c","volume":"38","author":"R Hostin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hostin R, McCarthy I, O\u2019Brien M et al (2013) Incidence, mode, and location of acute proximal junctional failures after surgical treatment of adult spinal deformity. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 38(12):1008\u20131015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318271319c","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10002_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.14245\/kjs.2017.14.4.126","volume":"14","author":"SJ Hyun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hyun SJ, Lee BH, Park JH et al (2017) Proximal Junctional Kyphosis and Proximal Junctional Failure Following Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery. Korean J Spine 14(4):126\u2013132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14245\/kjs.2017.14.4.126","journal-title":"Korean J Spine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10002_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004517","volume":"48","author":"ZW Pinter","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pinter ZW, Mikula AL, Townsley SE et al (2023) Lower Hounsfield Units and Severe Multifidus Sarcopenia Are Independent Predictors of Increased Risk for Proximal Junctional Kyphosis and Failure Following Thoracolumbar Fusion. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 48(4):223\u2013231. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004517","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10002_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2024.09.101","volume":"193","author":"Z Lu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lu Z, Wang T, Wei W et al (2025) Risk Factors of Proximal Junctional Failure After Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. World Neurosurg 193:1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2024.09.101","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10002_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bas.2024.102807","volume":"4","author":"PB Haldeman","year":"2024","unstructured":"Haldeman PB, Ward SR, Osorio J et al (2024) An evidence based conceptual framework for the multifactorial understanding of proximal junctional kyphosis. Brain Spine 4:102807. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bas.2024.102807","journal-title":"Brain Spine"},{"key":"10002_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Coury JR, Reyes JL, Hassan FM et al (2025) The Relationship of CT Hounsfield Units at UIV\u2009+\u20091 and UIV\u2009+\u20092 Relative to UIV Predicts Proximal Junctional Kyphosis in Patients with Long Spinal Constructs. Spine (Phila Pa 1976 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000005413","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000005413"},{"issue":"3","key":"10002_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-020-00278-z","volume":"9","author":"ZM Sardar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sardar ZM, Kim Y, Lafage V et al (2021) State of the art: proximal junctional kyphosis-diagnosis, management and prevention. Spine Deform 9(3):635\u2013644. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43390-020-00278-z","journal-title":"Spine Deform"},{"issue":"5","key":"10002_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jspd.2018.02.007","volume":"6","author":"L Fradet","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fradet L, Wang X, Crandall D et al (2018) Biomechanical Analysis of Acute Proximal Junctional Failure After Surgical Instrumentation of Adult Spinal Deformity: The Impact of Proximal Implant Type, Osteotomy Procedures, and Lumbar Lordosis Restoration. Spine Deform 6(5):483\u2013491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jspd.2018.02.007","journal-title":"Spine Deform"},{"issue":"12","key":"10002_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-023-09873-9","volume":"16","author":"B Anderson","year":"2023","unstructured":"Anderson B, Shahidi B (2023) The Impact of Spine Pathology on Posterior Ligamentous Complex Structure and Function. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 16(12):616\u2013626. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12178-023-09873-9","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10002_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1277","DOI":"10.1002\/jsp2.1277","volume":"6","author":"M Blais","year":"2023","unstructured":"Blais M, Shahidi B, Anderson B et al (2023) The influence of ligament biomechanics on proximal junctional kyphosis and failure in patients with adult spinal deformity. JOR Spine 6(3):e1277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jsp2.1277","journal-title":"JOR Spine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10002_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.01.011","volume":"21","author":"RJP Doodkorte","year":"2021","unstructured":"Doodkorte RJP, Vercoulen TFG, Roth AK et al (2021) Instrumentation techniques to prevent proximal junctional kyphosis and proximal junctional failure in adult spinal deformity correction-a systematic review of biomechanical studies. Spine J 21(5):842\u2013854. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.01.011","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10002_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2016.0707.014","volume":"60","author":"DK Kim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kim DK, Kim JY, Kim DY et al (2017) Risk Factors of Proximal Junctional Kyphosis after Multilevel Fusion Surgery: More Than 2 Years Follow-Up Data. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 60(2):174\u2013180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3340\/jkns.2016.0707.014","journal-title":"J Korean Neurosurg Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10002_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568220947050","volume":"12","author":"A Eleswarapu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Eleswarapu A, O\u2019Connor D, Rowan FA et al (2022) Sarcopenia Is an Independent Risk Factor for Proximal Junctional Disease Following Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery. Global Spine J 12(1):102\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2192568220947050","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"11","key":"10002_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002415","volume":"43","author":"M Yagi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yagi M, Fujita N, Okada E et al (2018) Fine-tuning the Predictive Model for Proximal Junctional Failure in Surgically Treated Patients With Adult Spinal Deformity. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 43(11):767\u2013773. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002415","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"27","key":"10002_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3012","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612824666210316102413","volume":"27","author":"J Zizzo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zizzo J (2021) Muscle Atrophy Classification: The Need for a Pathway-Driven Approach. Curr Pharm Des 27(27):3012\u20133019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1381612824666210316102413","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"issue":"1","key":"10002_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.010389","volume":"6","author":"P Bonaldo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bonaldo P, Sandri M (2013) Cellular and molecular mechanisms of muscle atrophy. Dis Model Mech 6(1):25\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dmm.010389","journal-title":"Dis Model Mech"},{"issue":"2","key":"10002_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1087","DOI":"10.1002\/jsp2.1087","volume":"3","author":"B Shahidi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shahidi B, Gibbons MC, Esparza M et al (2020) Cell populations and muscle fiber morphology associated with acute and chronic muscle degeneration in lumbar spine pathology. JOR Spine 3(2):e1087. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jsp2.1087","journal-title":"JOR Spine"},{"key":"10002_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2025.04.026","author":"Y Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li Y, Zhang X, Xu X et al (2025) The Morphology and Composition of Paravertebral Muscles Evaluated by MRI Technology are Used to Predict Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Acad Radiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.acra.2025.04.026","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10002_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2019.8827","volume":"49","author":"PW Hodges","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hodges PW, Danneels L (2019) Changes in Structure and Function of the Back Muscles in Low Back Pain: Different Time Points, Observations, and Mechanisms. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 49(6):464\u2013476. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2519\/jospt.2019.8827","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10002_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E189","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003243","volume":"45","author":"B Shahidi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shahidi B, Fisch KM, Gibbons MC et al (2020) Increased Fibrogenic Gene Expression in Multifidus Muscles of Patients With Chronic Versus Acute Lumbar Spine Pathology. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 45(4):E189\u2013E195. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003243","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"7","key":"10002_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.02.021","volume":"24","author":"L Schonnagel","year":"2024","unstructured":"Schonnagel L, Chiaparelli E, Camino-Willhuber G et al (2024) Spine-specific sarcopenia: distinguishing paraspinal muscle atrophy from generalized sarcopenia. Spine J 24(7):1211\u20131221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2024.02.021","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10002_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1291","DOI":"10.1002\/jsp2.1291","volume":"7","author":"B Shahidi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shahidi B, Anderson B, Ordaz A et al (2024) Paraspinal muscles in individuals undergoing surgery for lumbar spine pathology lack a myogenic response to an acute bout of resistance exercise. JOR Spine 7(1):e1291. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jsp2.1291","journal-title":"JOR Spine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10002_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1171","DOI":"10.1002\/jsp2.1171","volume":"4","author":"AM Noonan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Noonan AM, Brown SHM (2021) Paraspinal muscle pathophysiology associated with low back pain and spine degenerative disorders. JOR Spine 4(3):e1171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jsp2.1171","journal-title":"JOR Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10002_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-024-07555-2","volume":"25","author":"X Zhou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhou X, Zhao L, Zhang Z et al (2024) Identification of shared gene signatures and pathways for diagnosing osteoporosis with sarcopenia through integrated bioinformatics analysis and machine learning. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 25(1):435. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-024-07555-2","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"9","key":"10002_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e30517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e30517","volume":"10","author":"Y Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li Y, Wang W, Kong C et al (2024) Identifying the miRNA-gene networks contributes to exploring paravertebral muscle degeneration\u2019s underlying pathogenesis and therapy strategy. Heliyon 10(9):e30517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e30517","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"1","key":"10002_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1310","DOI":"10.1002\/jsp2.1310","volume":"7","author":"X Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen X, Cui P, Li Y et al (2024) Links among MRI features in paraspinal muscles, inflammatory processes, and related back pain in patients with lumbar disc herniation. JOR Spine 7(1):e1310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jsp2.1310","journal-title":"JOR Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10002_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-023-06295-z","volume":"24","author":"X Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen X, Li Y, Wang W et al (2023) Correlation between inflammatory cytokine expression in paraspinal tissues and severity of disc degeneration in individuals with lumbar disc herniation. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 24(1):193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-023-06295-z","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"10002_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-020-06514-4","volume":"30","author":"G James","year":"2021","unstructured":"James G, Chen X, Diwan A et al (2021) Fat infiltration in the multifidus muscle is related to inflammatory cytokine expression in the muscle and epidural adipose tissue in individuals undergoing surgery for intervertebral disc herniation. Eur Spine J 30(4):837\u2013845. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-020-06514-4","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10002_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen X, Hodges PW, James G et al (2021) Do Markers of Inflammation and\/or Muscle Regeneration in Lumbar Multifidus Muscle and Fat Differ Between Individuals with Good or Poor Outcome Following Microdiscectomy for Lumbar Disc Herniation? Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 46. 10678\u2013686. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003863","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003863"},{"issue":"13","key":"10002_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3089","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546519873856","volume":"47","author":"YS Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee YS, Kim JY, Kim KI et al (2019) Effect of Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4 Inhibition on Rotator Cuff Muscle Quality: Histological, Biomechanical, and Biomolecular Analysis. Am J Sports Med 47(13):3089\u20133099. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546519873856","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10002_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12203","volume":"8","author":"YS Lee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee YS, Kim JY, Oh KS et al (2017) Fatty acid-binding protein 4 regulates fatty infiltration after rotator cuff tear by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in mice. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 8(5):839\u2013850. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcsm.12203","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"1","key":"10002_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-022-05572-7","volume":"23","author":"B Anderson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Anderson B, Ordaz A, Zlomislic V et al (2022) Paraspinal Muscle Health is Related to Fibrogenic, Adipogenic, and Myogenic Gene Expression in Patients with Lumbar Spine Pathology. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 23(1):608. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-022-05572-7","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"10002_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-023-07543-5","volume":"32","author":"A Ordaz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ordaz A, Anderson B, Zlomislic V et al (2023) Paraspinal muscle gene expression across different aetiologies in individuals undergoing surgery for lumbar spine pathology. Eur Spine J 32(4):1123\u20131131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-023-07543-5","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"8","key":"10002_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001848","volume":"42","author":"B Shahidi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shahidi B, Parra CL, Berry DB et al (2017) Contribution of Lumbar Spine Pathology and Age to Paraspinal Muscle Size and Fatty Infiltration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 42(8):616\u2013623. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001848","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10002_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2700","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23597","volume":"35","author":"B Shahidi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shahidi B, Hubbard JC, Gibbons MC et al (2017) Lumbar multifidus muscle degenerates in individuals with chronic degenerative lumbar spine pathology. J Orthop Res 35(12):2700\u20132706. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jor.23597","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"10002_CR49","unstructured":"Sheehan DC, Hrapchak BB (1980) Theory and practice of histotechnology. 2d ed. St. Louis: Mosby. xiii, 481 p., 1 leaf of plates"},{"key":"10002_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dvinge H, Bertone P, Bioinformatics (2009) 25(24), 3325\u20133326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp578","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp578"},{"issue":"1","key":"10002_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.24490","volume":"52","author":"C Zimmermann","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zimmermann C, Kalepu R, Ponfick M et al (2015) Histological characterization and biochemical analysis of paraspinal muscles in neuromuscularly healthy subjects. Muscle Nerve 52(1):45\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mus.24490","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"1","key":"10002_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-021-00397-1","volume":"10","author":"R Lafage","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lafage R, Smith JS, Elysee J et al (2022) Sagittal age-adjusted score (SAAS) for adult spinal deformity (ASD) more effectively predicts surgical outcomes and proximal junctional kyphosis than previous classifications. Spine Deform 10(1):121\u2013131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43390-021-00397-1","journal-title":"Spine Deform"},{"issue":"17","key":"10002_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002146","volume":"42","author":"R Lafage","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lafage R, Schwab F, Glassman S et al (2017) Age-Adjusted Alignment Goals Have the Potential to Reduce PJK. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 42(17):1275\u20131282. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002146","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10002_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R1672","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00239.2005","volume":"290","author":"TG McDaneld","year":"2006","unstructured":"McDaneld TG, Hannon K, Moody DE (2006) Ankyrin repeat and SOCS box protein 15 regulates protein synthesis in skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 290(6):R1672\u2013R1682. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpregu.00239.2005","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10002_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2897","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2008-1076","volume":"86","author":"TG McDaneld","year":"2008","unstructured":"McDaneld TG, Spurlock DM (2008) Ankyrin repeat and suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) box-containing protein (ASB) 15 alters differentiation of mouse C2C12 myoblasts and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and Akt. J Anim Sci 86(11):2897\u20132902. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2527\/jas.2008-1076","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10002_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.05.083","volume":"346","author":"H Fischer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fischer H, Gustafsson T, Sundberg CJ et al (2006) Fatty acid binding protein 4 in human skeletal muscle. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 346(1):125\u2013130. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.05.083","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10002_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2018.06.025","volume":"485","author":"YL Lin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lin YL, Liou HH, Lai YH et al (2018) Decreased serum fatty acid binding protein 4 concentrations are associated with sarcopenia in chronic hemodialysis patients. Clin Chim Acta 485:113\u2013118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cca.2018.06.025","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"issue":"2","key":"10002_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1007\/s12013-022-01063-7","volume":"80","author":"XW Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang XW, Sun YJ, Chen X et al (2022) Interleukin-4-induced FABP4 promotes lipogenesis in human skeletal muscle cells by activating the PPAR gamma signaling pathway. Cell Biochem Biophys 80(2):355\u2013366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12013-022-01063-7","journal-title":"Cell Biochem Biophys"},{"issue":"1","key":"10002_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/2251-6581-13-41","volume":"13","author":"A Safarzade","year":"2014","unstructured":"Safarzade A, Talebi-Garakani E (2014) Short term resistance training enhanced plasma apoA-I and FABP4 levels in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Diabetes Metab Disord 13(1):41. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/2251-6581-13-41","journal-title":"J Diabetes Metab Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"10002_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00127.2003","volume":"16","author":"TG McDaneld","year":"2004","unstructured":"McDaneld TG, Hancock DL, Moody DE (2004) Altered mRNA abundance of ASB15 and four other genes in skeletal muscle following administration of beta-adrenergic receptor agonists. Physiol Genomics 16(2):275\u2013283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00127.2003","journal-title":"Physiol Genomics"},{"key":"10002_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pennington Z, Mikula AL, Hamouda A et al (2025) The influence of bone quality and paraspinal musculature on proximal junctional kyphosis failure mode among patients undergoing lumbopelvic fusion terminating at the thoracolumbar junction. J Neurosurg Spine 1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2025.5.SPINE25303","DOI":"10.3171\/2025.5.SPINE25303"}],"container-title":["European Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10002-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10002-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10002-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T11:26:05Z","timestamp":1779535565000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10002-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]]},"references-count":61,"alternative-id":["10002"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10002-6","relation":{"references":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001202","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["0940-6719","1432-0932"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0940-6719","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0932","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 April 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 May 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 May 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}