{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T22:58:01Z","timestamp":1785452281283,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Fund of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine","award":["No.:2026CXCY-124"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.:2026CXCY-124"]}]},{"name":"the Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation","award":["No.: 23JRRA1280)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.: 23JRRA1280)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Spine J"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-026-10153-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T05:29:28Z","timestamp":1785389368000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u201cThe protective buffer\u201d: Adequate L4-S1 lordosis restoration reduces the symptomatic conversion of radiographic ASD and long-term revision rates \u2014 A 5-year multicenter cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Chen","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhifeng","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"GuangYi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xirong","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qilong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeng Ping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ShuanHu","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"10153_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang X, Cai Y, Chen K, Ren Q, Huang B, Wan G et al (2025) Risk factors and treatment strategies for adjacent segment disease following spinal fusion (Review). Mol Med Rep:31(2):33","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2024.13398"},{"issue":"3","key":"10153_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.21037\/jss-23-78","volume":"9","author":"T Matsumoto","year":"2023","unstructured":"Matsumoto T, Okuda S, Nagamoto Y, Takahashi Y, Furuya M, Iwasaki M (2023) Spinopelvic sagittal realignment and incidence of adjacent segment disease after single-segment posterior lumbar inter-body fusion using 12\u00b0 lordotic cages-a 2-year prospective cohort study. J Spine Surg 9(3):269\u2013277","journal-title":"J Spine Surg"},{"issue":"19","key":"10153_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004400","volume":"47","author":"LA Toivonen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Toivonen LA, M\u00e4ntym\u00e4ki H, H\u00e4kkinen A, Kautiainen H, Neva MH (2022) Postoperative Sagittal Balance Has Only a Limited Role in the Development of Adjacent Segment Disease After Lumbar Spine Fusion for Degenerative Lumbar Spine Disorders: A Subanalysis of the 10-year Follow-up Study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 47(19):1357\u20131361","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10153_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.5312\/wjo.v6.i1.117","volume":"6","author":"C Barrey","year":"2015","unstructured":"Barrey C, Darnis A (2015) Current strategies for the restoration of adequate lordosis during lumbar fusion. World J Orthop 6(1):117\u2013126","journal-title":"World J Orthop"},{"issue":"Suppl 6","key":"10153_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S834","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-013-3030-z","volume":"22","author":"C Barrey","year":"2013","unstructured":"Barrey C, Roussouly P, Le Huec JC, D\u2019Acunzi G, Perrin G (2013) Compensatory mechanisms contributing to keep the sagittal balance of the spine. Eur Spine J 22(Suppl 6):S834\u2013S841","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"13","key":"10153_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200007010-00004","volume":"25","author":"S Umehara","year":"2000","unstructured":"Umehara S, Zindrick MR, Patwardhan AG, Havey RM, Vrbos LA, Knight GW et al (2000) The biomechanical effect of postoperative hypolordosis in instrumented lumbar fusion on instrumented and adjacent spinal segments. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 25(13):1617\u20131624","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10153_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-014-3462-0","volume":"24","author":"HJ Kim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim HJ, Kang KT, Chun HJ, Lee CK, Chang BS, Yeom JS (2015) The influence of intrinsic disc degeneration of the adjacent segments on its stress distribution after one-level lumbar fusion. Eur Spine J 24(4):827\u2013837","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"11","key":"10153_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2025.03.032","volume":"25","author":"G Loggia","year":"2025","unstructured":"Loggia G, Farshad M, Jokeit M, Widmer J, Dossi S, Burkhard MD (2025) Impact of spinal alignment on adjacent segment disease and degeneration after short-segment lumbosacral fusion. Spine J 25(11):2461\u20132474","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"17","key":"10153_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000005161","volume":"50","author":"M Singh","year":"2025","unstructured":"Singh M, Kuharski MJ, Abdel-Megid H, Balmaceno-Criss M, Knebel A, Daher M et al (2025) Impact of Segmental Lordosis Restoration During Degenerative Spinal Fusion on Two-year Adjacent Segment Disease and Revision Rates. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 50(17):1219\u20131224","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10153_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682241262704","volume":"15","author":"R Manoharan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Manoharan R, Cherry A, Raj A, Srikandarajah N, Xu M, Iorio C et al (2025) Distal Lumbar Lordosis is Associated With Reoperation for Adjacent Segment Disease After Lumbar Fusion for Degenerative Conditions. Global Spine J 15(1):143\u2013151","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"22 Suppl","key":"10153_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S123","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31826d60d8","volume":"37","author":"BD Lawrence","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lawrence BD, Wang J, Arnold PM, Hermsmeyer J, Norvell DC, Brodke DS (2012) Predicting the risk of adjacent segment pathology after lumbar fusion: a systematic review. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 37(22 Suppl):S123\u2013S132","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"20","key":"10153_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31814b2d8e","volume":"32","author":"G Cheh","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cheh G, Bridwell KH, Lenke LG, Buchowski JM, Daubs MD, Kim Y et al (2007) Adjacent segment disease followinglumbar\/thoracolumbar fusion with pedicle screw instrumentation: a minimum 5-year follow-up. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 32(20):2253\u20132257","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"11","key":"10153_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-009-1060-3","volume":"18","author":"CS Lee","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lee CS, Hwang CJ, Lee SW, Ahn YJ, Kim YT, Lee DH et al (2009) Risk factors for adjacent segment disease after lumbar fusion. Eur Spine J 18(11):1637\u20131643","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10153_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2010.09.026","volume":"11","author":"WR Sears","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sears WR, Sergides IG, Kazemi N, Smith M, White GJ, Osburg B (2011) Incidence and prevalence of surgery at segments adjacent to a previous posterior lumbar arthrodesis. Spine J 11(1):11\u201320","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10153_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9309134","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/9309134","volume":"2020","author":"X Sun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sun X, Chen Z, Sun S, Wang W, Zhang T, Kong C et al (2020) Dynamic Stabilization Adjacent to Fusion versus Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion for the Treatment of Lumbar Degenerative Disease: A Meta-Analysis. Biomed Res Int 2020:9309134","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"10153_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-011-1924-1","volume":"20","author":"P Roussouly","year":"2011","unstructured":"Roussouly P, Pinheiro-Franco JL (2011) Sagittal parameters of the spine: biomechanical approach. Eur Spine J 20(5):578\u2013585","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10153_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000001007","volume":"78","author":"M Bydon","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bydon M, Macki M, De la Garza-Ramos R, McGovern K, Sciubba DM, Wolinsky JP et al (2016) Incidence of Adjacent Segment Disease Requiring Reoperation After Lumbar Laminectomy Without Fusion: A Study of 398 Patients. Neurosurgery 78(2):192\u2013199","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"17","key":"10153_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E599","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181aad219","volume":"34","author":"V Lafage","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lafage V, Schwab F, Patel A, Hawkinson N, Farcy JP (2009) Pelvic tilt and truncal inclination: two key radiographic parameters in the setting of adults with spinal deformity. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 34(17):E599\u2013606","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"13","key":"10153_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E785","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001387","volume":"41","author":"JK Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee JK, Jo YH, Kang CN (2016) Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Existing Pedicle Screws Reusing Technique in Extension Revision Operation for Adjacent Segmental Stenosis After Lumbar Posterolateral Fusion. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 41(13):E785\u2013e90","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10153_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.23.00672","volume":"106","author":"BG Diebo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Diebo BG, Balmaceno-Criss M, Lafage R, McDonald CL, Alsoof D, Halayqeh S et al (2024) Sagittal Alignment in the Degenerative Lumbar Spine: Surgical Planning. J Bone Joint Surg Am 106(5):445\u2013457","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10153_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-019-00010-6","volume":"8","author":"NS Chung","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chung NS, Lee HD, Jeon CH (2020) Differences in lumbar segment angle among Roussouly types of global sagittal alignment in asymptomatic adult subjects. Spine Deform 8(2):227\u2013232","journal-title":"Spine Deform"},{"issue":"6 Suppl","key":"10153_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190s","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2004.07.007","volume":"4","author":"AS Hilibrand","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hilibrand AS, Robbins M (2004) Adjacent segment degeneration and adjacent segment disease: the consequences of spinal fusion? Spine J 4(6 Suppl):190s\u20134s","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10153_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Donnally CJ 3rd, Patel PD, Canseco JA, Divi SN, Goz V, Sherman MB et al (2020) Current incidence of adjacent segment pathology following lumbar fusion versus motion-preserving procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis of recent projections. Spine J 20(10):1554\u20131565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2020.05.100"},{"issue":"6","key":"10153_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-014-3454-0","volume":"24","author":"DA Rothenfluh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rothenfluh DA, Mueller DA, Rothenfluh E, Min K (2015) Pelvic incidence-lumbar lordosis mismatch predisposes to adjacent segment disease after lumbar spinal fusion. Eur Spine J 24(6):1251\u20131258","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10153_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-015-0676-1","volume":"16","author":"Y Aoki","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aoki Y, Nakajima A, Takahashi H, Sonobe M, Terajima F, Saito M et al (2015) Influence of pelvic incidence-lumbar lordosis mismatch on surgical outcomes of short-segment transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 16:213","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"17","key":"10153_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.J.01048","volume":"93","author":"AJ Schoenfeld","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schoenfeld AJ, Ochoa LM, Bader JO, Belmont PJ (2011) Jr. Risk factors for immediate postoperative complications and mortality following spine surgery: a study of 3475 patients from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. J Bone Joint Surg Am 93(17):1577\u20131582","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"8","key":"10153_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31819f2080","volume":"34","author":"JM Mok","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mok JM, Cloyd JM, Bradford DS, Hu SS, Deviren V, Smith JA et al (2009) Reoperation after primary fusion for adult spinal deformity: rate, reason, and timing. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 34(8):832\u2013839","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10153_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.20.01399","volume":"103","author":"MM Chau","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chau MM, Klimstra MA, Wise KL, Ellermann JM, T\u00f3th F, Carlson CS et al (2021) Osteochondritis Dissecans: Current Understanding of Epidemiology, Etiology, Management, and Outcomes. J Bone Joint Surg Am 103(12):1132\u20131151","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10153_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2017.02.014","volume":"103","author":"C Rivi\u00e8re","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rivi\u00e8re C, Lazennec JY, Van Der Straeten C, Auvinet E, Cobb J, Muirhead-Allwood S (2017) The influence of spine-hip relations on total hip replacement: A systematic review. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 103(4):559\u2013568","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10153_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.8.SPINE111121","volume":"17","author":"JS Uribe","year":"2012","unstructured":"Uribe JS, Smith DA, Dakwar E, Baaj AA, Mundis GM, Turner AW et al (2012) Lordosis restoration after anterior longitudinal ligament release and placement of lateral hyperlordotic interbody cages during the minimally invasive lateral transpsoas approach: a radiographic study in cadavers. J Neurosurg Spine 17(5):476\u2013485","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10153_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e3181568637","volume":"21","author":"KJ Quigley","year":"2008","unstructured":"Quigley KJ, Alander DH, Bledsoe JG (2008) An in vitro biomechanical investigation: variable positioning of leopard carbon fiber interbody cages. J Spinal Disord Tech 21(6):442\u2013447","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech"},{"issue":"2","key":"10153_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E10","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.5.FOCUS17197","volume":"43","author":"AH Hawasli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hawasli AH, Khalifeh JM, Chatrath A, Yarbrough CK, Ray WZ (2017) Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion with expandable versus static interbody devices: radiographic assessment of sagittal segmental and pelvic parameters. Neurosurg Focus 43(2):E10","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"issue":"5","key":"10153_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-020-06386-8","volume":"29","author":"D Zou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zou D, Sun Z, Zhou S, Zhong W, Li W (2020) Hounsfield units value is a better predictor of pedicle screw loosening than the T-score of DXA in patients with lumbar degenerative diseases. Eur Spine J 29(5):1105\u20131111","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"25","key":"10153_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2224","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181ee6bd4","volume":"35","author":"F Schwab","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schwab F, Patel A, Ungar B, Farcy JP, Lafage V (2010) Adult spinal deformity-postoperative standing imbalance: how much can you tolerate? An overview of key parameters in assessing alignment and planning corrective surgery. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 35(25):2224\u20132231","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"}],"container-title":["European Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10153-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10153-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10153-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T22:03:57Z","timestamp":1785449037000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10153-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["10153"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10153-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0940-6719","1432-0932"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0940-6719","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0932","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 April 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 June 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 July 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}