{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T04:02:00Z","timestamp":1785124920059,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785110400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017596","name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025JC-YBMS-1009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025JC-YBMS-1009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017596","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Key Program of Medical Research of Xi\u2019an Science and Technology Plan Project","award":["24YXYJ0007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24YXYJ0007"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"The Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["U24A20115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U24A20115"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Spine J"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-026-10230-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T03:44:29Z","timestamp":1785123869000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Global evolution of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis research (1990\u20132025): a bibliometric and visualization analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4860-6438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoming","family":"Bao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5493-3631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yujian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kang","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huanhuan","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3081-2731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"10230_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"f2508","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f2508","volume":"346","author":"F Altaf","year":"2013","unstructured":"Altaf F, Gibson A, Dannawi Z, Noordeen H (2013) Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. BMJ 346:f2508\u2013f2508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.f2508","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10230_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Abdel-Aziem AA, Abdelraouf OR, Ghally SA, Dahlawi HA, Radwan RE (2021) A 10-Week Program of Combined Hippotherapy and Scroth\u2019s Exercises Improves Balance and Postural Asymmetries in Adolescence Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Randomized Controlled Study. Child (Basel) 9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/children9010023","DOI":"10.3390\/children9010023"},{"key":"10230_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s11832-012-0457-4","volume":"7","author":"MR Konieczny","year":"2013","unstructured":"Konieczny MR, Senyurt H, Krauspe R (2013) Epidemiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. J Child Orthop 7:3\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11832-012-0457-4","journal-title":"J Child Orthop"},{"key":"10230_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.11669","volume":"319","author":"J Dunn","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dunn J, Henrikson NB, Morrison CC, Blasi PR, Nguyen M, Lin JS (2018) Screening for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA 319:173\u2013187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2017.11669","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10230_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1850","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4137","volume":"35","author":"RM Castelein","year":"2020","unstructured":"Castelein RM, Pasha S, Cheng JC, Dubousset J (2020) Idiopathic Scoliosis as a Rotatory Decompensation of the Spine. J Bone Miner Res 35:1850\u20131857. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbmr.4137","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10230_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-016-1139-z","volume":"17","author":"Y Cao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cao Y, Min J, Zhang Q, Li H, Li H (2016) Associations of LBX1 gene and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis susceptibility: a meta-analysis based on 34,626 subjects. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 17:309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-016-1139-z","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"10230_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115563","volume":"140","author":"G P\u00e9rez-Machado","year":"2020","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-Machado G, Berenguer-Pascual E, Bovea-Marco M, Rubio-Belmar PA, Garc\u00eda-L\u00f3pez E, Garz\u00f3n MJ, Mena-Moll\u00e1 S, Pallard\u00f3 FV, Bas T, Vi\u00f1a JR, Garc\u00eda-Gim\u00e9nez JL (2020) From genetics to epigenetics to unravel the etiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Bone 140:115563. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115563","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10230_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2005.03.025","volume":"65","author":"RM Castelein","year":"2005","unstructured":"Castelein RM, van Die\u00ebn JH, Smit TH (2005) The role of dorsal shear forces in the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis\u2013a hypothesis. Med Hypotheses 65:501\u2013508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mehy.2005.03.025","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"10230_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.85b7.14046","volume":"85","author":"X Guo","year":"2003","unstructured":"Guo X, Chau WW, Chan YL, Cheng JC (2003) Relative anterior spinal overgrowth in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Results of disproportionate endochondral-membranous bone growth. J bone joint Surg Br volume 85:1026\u20131031. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620x.85b7.14046","journal-title":"J bone joint Surg Br volume"},{"key":"10230_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-010-1471-1","volume":"20","author":"LF Lao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lao LF, Shen JX, Chen ZG, Wang YP, Wen XS, Qiu GX (2011) Uncoupled neuro-osseous growth in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis? A preliminary study of 90 adolescents with whole-spine three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. Eur Spine J 20:1081\u20131086. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-010-1471-1","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10230_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-7161-4-24","volume":"4","author":"RG Burwell","year":"2009","unstructured":"Burwell RG, Aujla RK, Grevitt MP, Dangerfield PH, Moulton A, Randell TL, Anderson SI (2009) Pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in girls - a double neuro-osseous theory involving disharmony between two nervous systems, somatic and autonomic expressed in the spine and trunk: possible dependency on sympathetic nervous system and hormones with implications for medical therapy. Scoliosis 4:24. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1748-7161-4-24","journal-title":"Scoliosis"},{"key":"10230_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21839","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202100759R","volume":"35","author":"ZT Liang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liang ZT, Guo CF, Li J, Zhang HQ (2021) The role of endocrine hormones in the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Faseb j 35:e21839. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fj.202100759R","journal-title":"Faseb j"},{"key":"10230_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-020-01988-w","volume":"15","author":"Q Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang Q, Wang C, Hu W, Hu F, Liu W, Zhang X (2020) Disordered leptin and ghrelin bioactivity in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS): a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res 15:502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-020-01988-w","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"10230_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s13013-017-0145-8","volume":"13","author":"S Negrini","year":"2018","unstructured":"Negrini S, Donzelli S, Aulisa AG, Czaprowski D, Schreiber S, de Mauroy JC, Diers H, Grivas TB, Knott P, Kotwicki T, Lebel A, Marti C, Maruyama T, O\u2019Brien J, Price N, Parent E, Rigo M, Romano M, Stikeleather L, Wynne J, Zaina F (2018) 2016 SOSORT guidelines: orthopaedic and rehabilitation treatment of idiopathic scoliosis during growth. Scoliosis Spinal Disord 13:3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13013-017-0145-8","journal-title":"Scoliosis Spinal Disord"},{"key":"10230_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e530","DOI":"10.1097\/bpo.0000000000000746","volume":"37","author":"C Souder","year":"2017","unstructured":"Souder C, Newton PO, Shah SA, Lonner BS, Bastrom TP, Yaszay B (2017) Factors in Surgical Decision Making for Thoracolumbar\/Lumbar AIS: It\u2019s About More Than Just the Curve Magnitude. J Pediatr Orthop 37:e530\u2013e535. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/bpo.0000000000000746","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"10230_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.5.559","volume":"289","author":"SL Weinstein","year":"2003","unstructured":"Weinstein SL, Dolan LA, Spratt KF, Peterson KK, Spoonamore MJ, Ponseti IV (2003) Health and function of patients with untreated idiopathic scoliosis: a 50-year natural history study. JAMA 289:559\u2013567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.289.5.559","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10230_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3065","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-20423-x","volume":"24","author":"TA Hoelen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hoelen TA, Evers S, Arts JJ, Willems PC, van Mastrigt G (2024) The societal burden associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a cross-sectional burden-of-disease study. BMC Public Health 24:3065. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-024-20423-x","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10230_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Negrini S, Minozzi S, Bettany-Saltikov J, Chockalingam N, Grivas TB, Kotwicki T, Maruyama T, Romano M, Zaina F (2015) Braces for idiopathic scoliosis in adolescents. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2015:Cd006850. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD006850.pub3","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006850.pub3"},{"key":"10230_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.4103\/jcvjs.jcvjs_80_22","volume":"13","author":"M Traversari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Traversari M, Ruffilli A, Barile F, Viroli G, Manzetti M, Vita F, Faldini C (2022) Surgical treatment of severe adolescent idiopathic scoliosis through one-stage posterior-only approach: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Craniovertebr Junction Spine 13:390\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jcvjs.jcvjs_80_22","journal-title":"J Craniovertebr Junction Spine"},{"key":"10230_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15030","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.30","volume":"1","author":"JC Cheng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cheng JC, Castelein RM, Chu WC, Danielsson AJ, Dobbs MB, Grivas TB, Gurnett CA, Luk KD, Moreau A, Newton PO, Stokes IA, Weinstein SL, Burwell RG (2015) Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Nat Rev Dis Primers 1:15030. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrdp.2015.30","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"10230_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1097\/cm9.0000000000000652","volume":"133","author":"Y Peng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Peng Y, Wang SR, Qiu GX, Zhang JG, Zhuang QY (2020) Research progress on the etiology and pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Chin Med J (Engl) 133:483\u2013493. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/cm9.0000000000000652","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"10230_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2970","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-020-06574-6","volume":"29","author":"K Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen K, Zhao J, Yang Y, Wei X, Chen Z, Li M, Zhai X (2020) Global research trends of adult degenerative scoliosis in this decade (2010\u20132019): a bibliometric study. Eur Spine J 29:2970\u20132979. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-020-06574-6","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10230_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-022-07376-8","volume":"32","author":"GX Lin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lin GX, Chen CM, Rui G, Hu BS (2023) Research relating to three-dimensional (3D) printing in spine surgery: a bibliometric analysis. Eur Spine J 32:395\u2013407. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-022-07376-8","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10230_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2025.08.061","volume":"71","author":"A Diaz-Gabriel","year":"2026","unstructured":"Diaz-Gabriel A, Quispe-Gutarra D, \u00d1a\u00f1a-Cordova AM, Visconti-Lopez FJ (2026) Global research landscapes in orthopaedic and traumatology systematic reviews: A bibliometric analysis of trends, impact, and evolution. J Orthop 71:241\u2013251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jor.2025.08.061","journal-title":"J Orthop"},{"key":"10230_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2020.04.010","volume":"24","author":"J Lin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lin J, Chen L, Dou D (2020) Progress of orthopaedic research in China over the last decade. J Orthop Translat 24:131\u2013137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jot.2020.04.010","journal-title":"J Orthop Translat"},{"key":"10230_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-025-04294-5","volume":"35","author":"ST Paleti","year":"2025","unstructured":"Paleti ST, Kambhampati SBS, Vaish A, Vaishya R, D\u2019Ambrosi R (2025) Rise of Asian research in orthopaedic and sports medicine: a bibliometric analysis from 1996 to 2022. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol : orthopedie traumatologie 35:173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00590-025-04294-5","journal-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol : orthopedie traumatologie"},{"key":"10230_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1108\/00220410810844150","volume":"64","author":"L Bornmann","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bornmann L, Daniel HD (2008) What do citation counts measure? A review of studies on citing behavior. J Doc 64:45\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/00220410810844150","journal-title":"J Doc"},{"key":"10230_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jseint.2025.08.017","volume":"10","author":"AR Velasquez Garcia","year":"2026","unstructured":"Velasquez Garcia AR, Vismara V, Guarin Perez SF, Radice F (2026) Artificial intelligence in shoulder and elbow surgery: a bibliometric analysis of affiliation-based collaboration patterns. JSES Int 10:101386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jseint.2025.08.017","journal-title":"JSES Int"},{"key":"10230_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200108000-00006","volume":"83","author":"LG Lenke","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lenke LG, Betz RR, Harms J, Bridwell KH, Clements DH, Lowe TG, Blanke K (2001) Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a new classification to determine extent of spinal arthrodesis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 83:1169\u20131181","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10230_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E836","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318187bb10","volume":"33","author":"G Qiu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Qiu G, Li Q, Wang Y, Yu B, Qian J, Yu K, Lee CI, Zhang J, Shen J, Zhao Y, Weng X, Wang T, Aladin DM, Lu WW (2008) Comparison of reliability between the PUMC and Lenke classification systems for classifying adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 33:E836\u2013842. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318187bb10","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10230_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1324","DOI":"10.1002\/jsp2.1324","volume":"7","author":"HJ Wilke","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wilke HJ, Gro\u00dfkinsky M, Ruf M, Schlager B (2024) Range of international surgical strategies for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: Evaluation of a multi-center survey. JOR Spine 7:e1324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jsp2.1324","journal-title":"JOR Spine"},{"key":"10230_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1307337","volume":"369","author":"SL Weinstein","year":"2013","unstructured":"Weinstein SL, Dolan LA, Wright JG, Dobbs MB (2013) Effects of bracing in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. N Engl J Med 369:1512\u20131521. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1307337","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10230_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199506000-00001","volume":"77","author":"AL Nachemson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Nachemson AL, Peterson LE (1995) Effectiveness of treatment with a brace in girls who have adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. A prospective, controlled study based on data from the Brace Study of the Scoliosis Research Society. J Bone Joint Surg Am 77:815\u2013822. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/00004623-199506000-00001","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10230_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2198","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31814b851f","volume":"32","author":"AJ Danielsson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Danielsson AJ, Hasserius R, Ohlin A, Nachemson AL (2007) A prospective study of brace treatment versus observation alone in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a follow-up mean of 16 years after maturity. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 32:2198\u20132207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31814b851f","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10230_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200301010-00015","volume":"28","author":"M Asher","year":"2003","unstructured":"Asher M, Min Lai S, Burton D, Manna B (2003) The reliability and concurrent validity of the scoliosis research society-22 patient questionnaire for idiopathic scoliosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 28:63\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007632-200301010-00015","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10230_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1308889","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2023.1308889","volume":"11","author":"J Xu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu J, Chen M, Wang X, Xu L, Luo X (2023) Global research hotspots and trends in non-surgical treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis over the past three decades: a bibliometric and visualization study. Front Pediatr 11:1308889. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2023.1308889","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"10230_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2024.05.165","volume":"189","author":"J Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li J, Zhou G, Xu N, Sun P, Chang S, Zhang Y, Du C, Li W, Zeng Y, Yu M (2024) Patient-specific 3D-printed Brace for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Prospective Cohort Study. World Neurosurg 189:e69\u2013e79. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2024.05.165","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10230_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e038373","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-038373","volume":"10","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Liang J, Xu N, Zeng L, Du C, Du Y, Zeng Y, Yu M, Liu Z (2020) 3D-printed brace in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a study protocol of a prospective randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 10:e038373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-038373","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10230_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0255264","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0255264","volume":"16","author":"E Diarbakerli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Diarbakerli E, Charalampidis A, Abbott A, Gerdhem P (2021) PReventing Idiopathic SCOliosis PROgression (PRISCOPRO): A protocol for a quadruple-blinded, randomized controlled trial comparing 3D designed Boston brace to standard Boston brace. PLoS ONE 16:e0255264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0255264","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10230_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1097\/brs.0000000000000472","volume":"39","author":"AF Samdani","year":"2014","unstructured":"Samdani AF, Ames RJ, Kimball JS, Pahys JM, Grewal H, Pelletier GJ, Betz RR (2014) Anterior vertebral body tethering for idiopathic scoliosis: two-year results. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 39:1688\u20131693. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/brs.0000000000000472","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10230_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-014-3706-z","volume":"24","author":"AF Samdani","year":"2015","unstructured":"Samdani AF, Ames RJ, Kimball JS, Pahys JM, Grewal H, Pelletier GJ, Betz RR (2015) Anterior vertebral body tethering for immature adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: one-year results on the first 32 patients. Eur Spine J 24:1533\u20131539. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-014-3706-z","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10230_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.5435\/jaaos-d-19-00849","volume":"28","author":"S Parent","year":"2020","unstructured":"Parent S, Shen J (2020) Anterior Vertebral Body Growth-Modulation Tethering in Idiopathic Scoliosis: Surgical Technique. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 28:693\u2013699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5435\/jaaos-d-19-00849","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10230_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2762","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-025-08738-8","volume":"34","author":"J Frank","year":"2025","unstructured":"Frank J, Pishnamaz M, Trobisch PD, Hildebrand F, Praster M (2025) Impact of growth on spinal biomechanics and tether force in VBT: a simulation study. Eur Spine J 34:2762\u20132770. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-025-08738-8","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10230_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-025-01050-x","volume":"13","author":"AO Al-Naseem","year":"2025","unstructured":"Al-Naseem AO, Al-Naseem A, Al Balushi B, Marwan Y, Leong J, Shafafy R (2025) Posterior spinal fusion versus vertebral body tethering for paediatric scoliosis: a meta-analysis of comparative studies. Spine Deform 13:681\u2013694. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43390-025-01050-x","journal-title":"Spine Deform"},{"key":"10230_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e323","DOI":"10.1097\/bpo.0000000000002619","volume":"44","author":"PJ Cahill","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cahill PJ, Miyanji F, Lullo BR, Samdani AF, Lonner BS, Pahys JM, Hwang SW, Haber LL, Alanay A, Shah SA, Parent S, Blakemore LC, Hoernschemeyer DG, Neal KM, Newton PO (2024) Incidence of Tether Breakage in Anterior Vertebral Body Tethering. J Pediatr Orthop 44:e323\u2013e328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/bpo.0000000000002619","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"10230_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Abdelaal M, Ghandour M, Mert \u00dc, Pishnamaz M, Knobe M, Hildebrand F, Sobottke R, Kabir K, Mahmoud MA (2025) Anterior Vertebral Body Tethering Versus Posterior Spinal Fusion in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Comparative Outcomes. J Clin Med 14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm14196707","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14196707"},{"key":"10230_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-023-00723-9","volume":"11","author":"MJ Roser","year":"2023","unstructured":"Roser MJ, Askin GN, Labrom RD, Zahir SF, Izatt M, Little JP (2023) Vertebral body tethering for idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Spine Deform 11:1297\u20131307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43390-023-00723-9","journal-title":"Spine Deform"},{"key":"10230_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2330617","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.30617","volume":"6","author":"T Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang T, Zhu C, Zhao Y, Zhao M, Wang Z, Song R, Meng N, Sial A, Diwan A, Liu J, Cheung JPY (2023) Deep Learning Model to Classify and Monitor Idiopathic Scoliosis in Adolescents Using a Single Smartphone Photograph. JAMA Netw open 6:e2330617. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.30617","journal-title":"JAMA Netw open"},{"key":"10230_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1097\/brs.0000000000003795","volume":"46","author":"S Pasha","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pasha S, Shah S, Newton P (2021) Machine Learning Predicts the 3D Outcomes of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Surgery Using Patient-Surgeon Specific Parameters. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 46:579\u2013587. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/brs.0000000000003795","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10230_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4324","volume":"36","author":"N Otomo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Otomo N, Lu HF, Koido M, Kou I, Takeda K, Momozawa Y, Kubo M, Kamatani Y, Ogura Y, Takahashi Y, Nakajima M, Minami S, Uno K, Kawakami N, Ito M, Sato T, Watanabe K, Kaito T, Yanagida H, Taneichi H, Harimaya K, Taniguchi Y, Shigematsu H, Iida T, Demura S, Sugawara R, Fujita N, Yagi M, Okada E, Hosogane N, Kono K, Nakamura M, Chiba K, Kotani T, Sakuma T, Akazawa T, Suzuki T, Nishida K, Kakutani K, Tsuji T, Sudo H, Iwata A, Kaneko K, Inami S, Kochi Y, Chang WC, Matsumoto M, Watanabe K, Ikegawa S, Terao C (2021) Polygenic Risk Score of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis for Potential Clinical Use. J Bone Miner Res 36:1481\u20131491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbmr.4324","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10230_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-021-06842-z","volume":"30","author":"FR Labrom","year":"2021","unstructured":"Labrom FR, Izatt MT, Claus AP, Little JP (2021) Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis 3D vertebral morphology, progression and nomenclature: a current concepts review. Eur Spine J 30:1823\u20131834. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-021-06842-z","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10230_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-020-00254-7","volume":"9","author":"S Pasha","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pasha S, Shen J, Kadoury S (2021) True 3D parameters of the spinal deformity in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine Deform 9:703\u2013710. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43390-020-00254-7","journal-title":"Spine Deform"},{"key":"10230_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1649483","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2025.1649483","volume":"13","author":"D Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li D, Mo H, Yang S (2025) From a biomechanical perspective: pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and treatment strategies of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Front Pediatr 13:1649483. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2025.1649483","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"}],"container-title":["European Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10230-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10230-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10230-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T03:44:31Z","timestamp":1785123871000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10230-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"references-count":53,"alternative-id":["10230"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10230-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0940-6719","1432-0932"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0940-6719","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0932","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 June 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 July 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 July 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"None.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Patient Consent","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not commissioned, externally peer-reviewed.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Provenance and peer review","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}