{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T02:58:37Z","timestamp":1785466717040,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Spine J"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-026-10242-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T14:03:00Z","timestamp":1785420180000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cement discoplasty for degenerative low back pain: a delphi consensus survey of expert opinion"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5684-7679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaston","family":"Camino-Willhuber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aron","family":"Lazary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Fusini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"F\u00f6rsth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshio","family":"Nakamae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Gonzalez Camacho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gonzalo","family":"Kido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Norotte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murat","family":"\u015eakir Ek\u015fi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derek","family":"Cawley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"10242_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2312","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-018-5572-6","volume":"27","author":"T Fujishiro","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fujishiro T, Boissi\u00e8re L, Cawley DT et al (2018) Decision-making factors in the treatment of adult spinal deformity. Eur Spine J 27:2312\u20132321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-018-5572-6","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10242_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.010","volume":"141","author":"J Godzik","year":"2020","unstructured":"Godzik J, Frames CW, Smith Hussain V et al (2020) Postural Stability and Dynamic Balance in Adult Spinal Deformity: Prospective Pilot Study. World Neurosurg 141:e783\u2013e791. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.06.010","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10242_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.21037\/jss-20-492","volume":"6","author":"M-J Reisener","year":"2020","unstructured":"Reisener M-J, Pumberger M, Shue J et al (2020) Trends in lumbar spinal fusion\u2014a literature review. J Spine Surg 6:752\u2013761. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/jss-20-492","journal-title":"J Spine Surg"},{"key":"10242_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1097\/CORR.0000000000002576","volume":"481","author":"VJ Heck","year":"2023","unstructured":"Heck VJ, Klug K, Prasse T et al (2023) Projections From Surgical Use Models in Germany Suggest a Rising Number of Spinal Fusions in Patients 75 Years and Older Will Challenge Healthcare Systems Worldwide. Clin Orthop Relat Res 481:1610\u20131619. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CORR.0000000000002576","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10242_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004945","volume":"49","author":"DT Cawley","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cawley DT, Simpkin A, Abrahim E et al (2024) Natural History of Intradiscal Vacuum Phenomenon and its Role in Advanced Disc Degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 49:1130\u20131136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004945","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10242_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00132-014-3060-1","volume":"44","author":"PP Varga","year":"2015","unstructured":"Varga PP, Jakab G, Bors IB et al (2015) Experiences with PMMA cement as a stand-alone intervertebral spacer. Orthopade 44:1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00132-014-3060-1","journal-title":"Orthopade"},{"key":"10242_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-021-06805-4","volume":"30","author":"K Yamada","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yamada K, Nakamae T, Nakanishi K et al (2021) Long-term outcome of targeted therapy for low back pain in elderly degenerative lumbar scoliosis. Eur Spine J 30:2020\u20132032. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-021-06805-4","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10242_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568220913006","volume":"11","author":"G Camino Willhuber","year":"2021","unstructured":"Camino Willhuber G, Bendersky M, De Cicco FL et al (2021) Development of a New Therapy-Oriented Classification of Intervertebral Vacuum Phenomenon With Evaluation of Intra- and Interobserver Reliabilities. Global Spine J 11:480\u2013487. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2192568220913006","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"key":"10242_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568219873885","volume":"10","author":"G Camino Willhuber","year":"2020","unstructured":"Camino Willhuber G, Kido G, Pereira Duarte M et al (2020) Percutaneous Cement Discoplasty for the Treatment of Advanced Degenerative Disc Conditions: A Case Series Analysis. Global Spine J 10:729\u2013734. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2192568219873885","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"key":"10242_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2023.07.148","volume":"178","author":"K Koch","year":"2023","unstructured":"Koch K, Szoverfi Z, Jakab G et al (2023) Complication Pattern After Percutaneous Cement Discoplasty: Identification of Factors Influencing Reoperation and Length of Hospital Stay. World Neurosurg 178:e700\u2013e711. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2023.07.148","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10242_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-019-05966-7","volume":"28","author":"L Kiss","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kiss L, Varga PP, Szoverfi Z et al (2019) Indirect foraminal decompression and improvement in the lumbar alignment after percutaneous cement discoplasty. Eur Spine J 28:1441\u20131447. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-019-05966-7","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10242_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Michael D-JH, Francisco C-L, Eduardo G-C et al (2022) Percutaneous cement discoplasty in the treatment of degenerative disc disease. Case series. Coluna\/Columna 21. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/s1808-185120222101259477","DOI":"10.1590\/s1808-185120222101259477"},{"key":"10242_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.08.042","volume":"155","author":"G Camino-Willhuber","year":"2021","unstructured":"Camino-Willhuber G, Norotte G, Bronsard N et al (2021) Percutaneous Cement Discoplasty for Degenerative Low Back Pain with Vacuum Phenomenon: A Multicentric Study with a Minimum of 2 Years of Follow-Up. World Neurosurg 155:e210\u2013e217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.08.042","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10242_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Techens C, Eltes PE, Lazary A, Cristofolini L (2022) Critical Review of the State-of-the-Art on Lumbar Percutaneous Cement Discoplasty. Front Surg 9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fsurg.2022.902831","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.902831"},{"key":"10242_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.10.008","volume":"168","author":"F Fusini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fusini F, Girardo M, Aprato A et al (2022) Percutaneous Cement Discoplasty in Degenerative Spinal Disease: Systematic Review of Indications, Clinical Outcomes, and Complications. World Neurosurg 168:219\u2013226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.10.008","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10242_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bas.2023.101726","volume":"3","author":"DT Cawley","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cawley DT, Divani K, Shafafy R et al (2023) When spinal instrumentation revision is not an option: Salvage vertebral augmentation with polymethylmethacrylate for mechanical complications: A systematic review. Brain Spine 3:101726. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bas.2023.101726","journal-title":"Brain Spine"},{"key":"10242_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1177\/19714009231212368","volume":"37","author":"SS Grewal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Grewal SS, Hirsch JA, Cancelliere NM et al (2024) Efficacy and safety of percutaneous cement discoplasty in the management of degenerative spinal diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuroradiol J 37:434\u2013440. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/19714009231212368","journal-title":"Neuroradiol J"},{"key":"10242_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1080\/13611260500069947","volume":"27","author":"MR de Villiers","year":"2005","unstructured":"de Villiers MR, de Villiers PJT, Kent AP (2005) The Delphi technique in health sciences education research. Med Teach 27:639\u2013643. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13611260500069947","journal-title":"Med Teach"},{"key":"10242_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001431.pub5","author":"D Stacey","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stacey D, L\u00e9gar\u00e9 F, Lewis K et al (2017) Decision aids for people facing health treatment or screening decisions. Cochrane Database Syst Reviews 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD001431.pub5","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Reviews 2017"},{"key":"10242_CR20","first-page":"55","volume":"22","author":"R Likert","year":"1932","unstructured":"Likert R (1932) A technique for the measurement of attitudes. Arch Psych 22:55\u201356","journal-title":"Arch Psych"},{"key":"10242_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.6.PEDS18243","volume":"22","author":"NG Alexiades","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alexiades NG, Ahn ES, Blount JP et al (2018) Development of best practices to minimize wound complications after complex tethered spinal cord surgery: a modified Delphi study. J Neurosurg Pediatr 22:701\u2013709. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2018.6.PEDS18243","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"10242_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.31616\/asj.2024.0124","volume":"18","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Liu J, Yang H et al (2024) Expert consensus on the clinical application of cortical bone trajectory for lumbar pedicle screws: results from a modified Delphi study. Asian Spine J 18:690\u2013698. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31616\/asj.2024.0124","journal-title":"Asian Spine J"},{"key":"10242_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199406000-00011","volume":"19","author":"M Mimura","year":"1994","unstructured":"Mimura M, Panjabi MM, Oxland TR et al (1994) Disc Degeneration Affects the Multidirectional Flexibility of the Lumbar Spine. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 19:1371\u20131380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007632-199406000-00011","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10242_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1097\/00002517-200010000-00013","volume":"13","author":"A Fujiwara","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fujiwara A, Tamai K, An HS et al (2000) The Relationship Between Disc Degeneration, Facet Joint Osteoarthritis, and Stability of the Degenerative Lumbar Spine. J Spinal Disord 13:444\u2013450. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00002517-200010000-00013","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord"},{"key":"10242_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bas.2025.104220","volume":"5","author":"DT Cawley","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cawley DT (2025) Motion attenuation surgery in the degenerative lumbar spine: Is cement discoplasty a safe and effective option? Brain Spine 5:104220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bas.2025.104220","journal-title":"Brain Spine"},{"key":"10242_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.06.125","volume":"165","author":"T Nakamae","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nakamae T, Yamada K, Hiramatsu T et al (2022) Percutaneous Intervertebral-Vacuum Polymethylmethacrylate Injection for Foraminal Stenosis with Degenerative Lumbar Scoliosis. World Neurosurg 165:e712\u2013e720. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.06.125","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10242_CR27","first-page":"275","volume":"71","author":"J Schatzker","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schatzker J, Brudnicki J (2006) [The evolution of AO\/ASIF views on fracture treatment]. Chir Narzadow Ruchu Ortop Pol 71:275\u2013279","journal-title":"Chir Narzadow Ruchu Ortop Pol"},{"key":"10242_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001524","volume":"41","author":"K Yamada","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yamada K, Nakamae T, Shimbo T et al (2016) Targeted Therapy for Low Back Pain in Elderly Degenerative Lumbar Scoliosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 41:872\u2013879. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001524","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10242_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002633","volume":"43","author":"DT Cawley","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cawley DT, Larrieu D, Fujishiro T et al (2018) NRS20: Combined Back and Leg Pain Score. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 43:1184\u20131192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002633","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10242_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2347","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-016-4619-9","volume":"25","author":"SSA Faraj","year":"2016","unstructured":"Faraj SSA, Holewijn RM, van Hooff ML et al (2016) De novo degenerative lumbar scoliosis: a systematic review of prognostic factors for curve progression. Eur Spine J 25:2347\u20132358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-016-4619-9","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10242_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Buttiens A, Simko M, Van Goethem J (2023) Vacuum Phenomenon in the Lumbar Spine: Pilot Study for Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging. J Belg Soc Radiol 107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5334\/jbsr.3118","DOI":"10.5334\/jbsr.3118"},{"key":"10242_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2915","DOI":"10.1177\/02841851231191459","volume":"64","author":"G Camino-Willhuber","year":"2023","unstructured":"Camino-Willhuber G, Kido G, Vildoza S et al (2023) Association between Modic changes and intervertebral vacuum phenomenon severity in patients undergoing percutaneous cement discoplasty. Acta radiol 64:2915\u20132921. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/02841851231191459","journal-title":"Acta radiol"},{"key":"10242_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-022-07186-y","volume":"31","author":"M Alkharsawi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alkharsawi M, Shousha M, Boehm H, Alhashash M (2022) Cement discoplasty for managing lumbar spine pseudarthrosis in elderly patients: a less invasive alternative approach for failed posterior lumbar spine interbody fusion. Eur Spine J 31:1728\u20131735. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-022-07186-y","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10242_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000005037","volume":"50","author":"J \u00c5kerstedt","year":"2025","unstructured":"\u00c5kerstedt J, W\u00e4nman J, Banitalebi H et al (2025) Change in Lumbar Lordosis After Decompressive Surgery in Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Patients and Associations With Patient-Related Outcomes Two Years After Surgery: Radiologic and Clinical Results From the NORDSTEN Spinal Stenosis Trial. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 50:40\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000005037","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"}],"container-title":["European Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10242-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10242-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10242-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T02:05:50Z","timestamp":1785463550000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10242-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["10242"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10242-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0940-6719","1432-0932"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0940-6719","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0932","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 July 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 July 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 July 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}