{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T15:13:51Z","timestamp":1788966831274,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Spine J"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-026-10357-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T14:22:50Z","timestamp":1788963770000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pedicle screw vs. pedicle screw\u2013rod\u2013hook direct repair for adolescent lumbar spondylolysis: a multicenter retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9204-119X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shiwei","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaobo","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Shawky","family":"Abdelgawaad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaojiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"10357_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2016.06.009","volume":"16","author":"HM Soliman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Soliman HM (2016) Irrigation endoscopic assisted percutaneous pars repair: technical note. Spine J 16:1276\u20131281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2016.06.009","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10357_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-007-0543-3","volume":"17","author":"L Kalichman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kalichman L, Hunter DJ (2008) Diagnosis and conservative management of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis. Eur Spine J 17:327\u2013335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-007-0543-3","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10357_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.5921","volume":"327","author":"JN Katz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Katz JN, Zimmerman ZE, Mass H, Makhni MC (2022) Diagnosis and Management of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Review. JAMA 327:1688\u20131699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2022.5921","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10357_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.2022.220130R1","volume":"35","author":"NV Mohile","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mohile NV et al (2022) Spondylolysis and Isthmic Spondylolisthesis: A Guide to Diagnosis and Management. J Am Board Fam Med 35:1204\u20131216. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3122\/jabfm.2022.220130R1","journal-title":"J Am Board Fam Med"},{"key":"10357_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1097\/mop.0000000000000706","volume":"31","author":"RG Berger","year":"2019","unstructured":"Berger RG, Doyle SM (2019) Spondylolysis 2019 update. Curr Opin Pediatr 31:61\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/mop.0000000000000706","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"key":"10357_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00302712","volume":"2","author":"D Schlenzka","year":"1993","unstructured":"Schlenzka D, Seitsalo S, Poussa M, Osterman K (1993) Operative treatment of symptomatic lumbar spondylolysis and mild isthmic spondylolisthesis in young patients: direct repair of the defect or segmental spinal fusion? Eur Spine J 2:104\u2013112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00302712","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10357_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e318277cb7d","volume":"29","author":"AF Karatas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Karatas AF et al (2016) Comparison of Direct Pars Repair Techniques of Spondylolysis in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients: Pars Compression Screw Versus Pedicle Screw-Rod-Hook. Clin Spine Surg 29:272\u2013280. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BSD.0b013e318277cb7d","journal-title":"Clin Spine Surg"},{"key":"10357_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1111\/os.13165","volume":"14","author":"Y Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li Y et al (2022) Retrospective Comparative Study of Pedicle Screw Fixation via Quadrant Retractor and Buck\u2019s Technique in the Treatment of Adolescent Spondylolysis. Orthop Surg 14:111\u2013118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/os.13165","journal-title":"Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10357_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5413.77133","volume":"45","author":"S Rajasekaran","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rajasekaran S, Subbiah M, Shetty AP (2011) Direct repair of lumbar spondylolysis by Buck\u2019s technique. Indian J Orthop 45:136\u2013140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0019-5413.77133","journal-title":"Indian J Orthop"},{"key":"10357_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-024-04823-8","volume":"19","author":"Y Ye","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ye Y et al (2024) Buck technique supplemented by temporary intersegmental pedicle screw fixation to repair lumbar spondylolysis in youth. J Orthop Surg Res 19:340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-024-04823-8","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"10357_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1097\/01.Brs.0000048496.55167.22","volume":"28","author":"Z Askar","year":"2003","unstructured":"Askar Z, Wardlaw D, Koti M (2003) Scott wiring for direct repair of lumbar spondylolysis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 28:354\u2013357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.Brs.0000048496.55167.22","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10357_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1051\/sicotj\/2022013","volume":"8","author":"M Zayan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zayan M, Hussien MA, El Zahlawy H (2022) Pars interarticularis repair using pedicle screws and laminar hooks fixation technique in patients with symptomatic lumbar spondylolysis. Sicot j 8:13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051\/sicotj\/2022013","journal-title":"Sicot j"},{"key":"10357_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2012.51.1.14","volume":"51","author":"MH Shin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shin MH, Ryu KS, Rathi NK, Park CK (2012) Direct pars repair surgery using two different surgical methods: pedicle screw with universal hook system and direct pars screw fixation in symptomatic lumbar spondylosis patients. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 51:14\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3340\/jkns.2012.51.1.14","journal-title":"J Korean Neurosurg Soc"},{"key":"10357_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2582","DOI":"10.1111\/os.13837","volume":"15","author":"Q Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li Q et al (2023) Clinical Outcomes of Isobar TTL System with Isthmic Bone Grafting and Pedicle Screw-Vertebral Plate Hook with Direct Repair of Defect for Lumbar Spondylolysis: A Matched-Pair Case Control Study. Orthop Surg 15:2582\u20132590. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/os.13837","journal-title":"Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10357_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-024-07252-0","volume":"25","author":"X Guo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Guo X, Li Z, Guo Z, Li W (2024) Factors associated with non-fusion after direct pars repair of lumbar spondylolysis with pedicle screw and lamina hook: a clinical and CT-assessed study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 25:152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-024-07252-0","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"10357_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-007-0392-0","volume":"16","author":"F Debusscher","year":"2007","unstructured":"Debusscher F, Troussel S (2007) Direct repair of defects in lumbar spondylolysis with a new pedicle screw hook fixation: clinical, functional and Ct-assessed study. Eur Spine J 16:1650\u20131658. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-007-0392-0","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10357_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.22603\/ssrr.2017-0011","volume":"2","author":"K Ishida","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ishida K et al (2018) Spondylolysis repair using a pedicle screw hook or claw-hook system. -a comparison of bone fusion rates. Spine Surg Relat Res 2:135\u2013139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22603\/ssrr.2017-0011","journal-title":"Spine Surg Relat Res"},{"key":"10357_CR18","first-page":"2057","volume":"26","author":"AL Williams","year":"2005","unstructured":"Williams AL, Gornet MF, Burkus J (2005) K. CT evaluation of lumbar interbody fusion: current concepts. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 26:2057\u20132066","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10357_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E10","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.11.Focus17581","volume":"44","author":"N Mohammed","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mohammed N et al (2018) A comparison of the techniques of direct pars interarticularis repairs for spondylolysis and low-grade spondylolisthesis: a meta-analysis. Neurosurg Focus 44:E10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2017.11.Focus17581","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"10357_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.5.Spine13772","volume":"21","author":"LA Snyder","year":"2014","unstructured":"Snyder LA et al (2014) Spondylolysis outcomes in adolescents after direct screw repair of the pars interarticularis. J Neurosurg Spine 21:329\u2013333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2014.5.Spine13772","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"10357_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.4184\/asj.2017.11.5.832","volume":"11","author":"JPG Kolcun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kolcun JPG, Chieng LO, Madhavan K, Wang MY (2017) Minimally-Invasive versus Conventional Repair of Spondylolysis in Athletes: A Review of Outcomes and Return to Play. Asian Spine J 11:832\u2013842. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4184\/asj.2017.11.5.832","journal-title":"Asian Spine J"},{"key":"10357_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.3171\/spi.2004.1.1.0047","volume":"1","author":"SK Tuli","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tuli SK, Tuli J, Chen P, Woodard EJ (2004) Fusion rate: a time-to-event phenomenon. J Neurosurg Spine 1:47\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/spi.2004.1.1.0047","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"10357_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2018.02.004","volume":"18","author":"EH Ledet","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ledet EH, Sanders GP, DiRisio DJ, Glennon JC (2018) Load-sharing through elastic micro-motion accelerates bone formation and interbody fusion. Spine J 18:1222\u20131230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2018.02.004","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10357_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Claes LE et al (1998) Effects of mechanical factors on the fracture healing process. Clin Orthop Relat Res 132\u2013147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00003086-199810001-00015","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199810001-00015"},{"key":"10357_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bsd.0000123425.12852.3c","volume":"18","author":"J Roca","year":"2005","unstructured":"Roca J, Iborra M, Cavanilles-Walker JM, Albert\u00ed G (2005) Direct repair of spondylolysis using a new pedicle screw hook fixation: clinical and CT-assessed study: an analysis of 19 patients. J Spinal Disord Tech 18:82\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.bsd.0000123425.12852.3c","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech"},{"key":"10357_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.03.011","volume":"21","author":"N Kumar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kumar N et al (2021) Is there a place for surgical repair in adults with spondylolysis or grade-I spondylolisthesis-a systematic review and treatment algorithm. Spine J 21:1268\u20131285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.03.011","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"10357_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2019.02.012","volume":"179","author":"A Villavicencio","year":"2019","unstructured":"Villavicencio A, Lee Nelson E, Rajpal S, Vivek N, Burneikiene S (2019) The impact of BMI on operating room time, blood loss, and hospital stay in patients undergoing spinal fusion. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 179:19\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clineuro.2019.02.012","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"10357_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199906150-00014","volume":"24","author":"P Gillet","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gillet P, Petit M (1999) Direct repair of spondylolysis without spondylolisthesis, using a rod-screw construct and bone grafting of the pars defect. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 24:1252\u20131256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007632-199906150-00014","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"}],"container-title":["European Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10357-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10357-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10357-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T14:22:52Z","timestamp":1788963772000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10357-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"references-count":28,"alternative-id":["10357"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-026-10357-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0940-6719","1432-0932"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0940-6719","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0932","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 February 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 September 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 September 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}