{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T07:12:51Z","timestamp":1789456371527,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Spine J"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The posterior dynamic distraction device (PDDD) is a fusionless implant for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). We aimed to quantify pooled major-curve Cobb correction, complication, revision, and infection rates after primary PDDD implantation for Lenke 1 or 5 curves, and to place these outcomes in context alongside posterior spinal fusion (PSF) and vertebral body tethering (VBT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Following PRISMA guidance (PROSPERO: CRD420251074442), PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched to May 2025. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed for Cobb correction, complications, and revisions, with leave-one-out sensitivity analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five studies (148 unique patients; mean age 13.1\u201316.0 years) met the inclusion criteria. Pooled mean Cobb correction was 22.8\u00b0 (95% CI: 14.2\u201331.4\u00b0), approximately 51% of the preoperative magnitude; however, heterogeneity was extreme (I\u00b2=98%; prediction interval\u2009\u2212\u200914.5\u00b0 to 60.1\u00b0), and this pooled figure should not be interpreted as a reliable estimate of expected correction. The pooled complication rate was 24% (95% CI: 12\u201340%, I\u00b2=76%) and revision rate was 30% (95% CI: 19\u201345%, I\u00b2=64%), rising to 35% when elective exchanges for device outgrowth were included, with mechanical failures predominating. Primary surgical site infection occurred in 6% (95% CI: 3\u201312%, I\u00b2=0%). Risk of bias was moderate to serious across all studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PDDD provides moderate short-term curve correction, but approximately one in four patients experiences a complication and nearly one in three requires reoperation at short-term follow-up. Reported perioperative advantages derive from only two to three uncontrolled cohorts. PDDD does not yet match PSF for reliability or percentage correction, nor VBT for reoperation rates. Pending larger comparative studies with long-term follow-up, PDDD should be considered investigational and patients counselled accordingly.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-026-10367-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T06:41:20Z","timestamp":1789454480000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical outcomes and complications of the posterior dynamic distraction device in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Chuck H","family":"Lam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5904-9927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alma","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Halil Ibrahim","family":"Bulut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6612-9657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conor T","family":"Boylan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jwalant S","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morgan","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9623","key":"10367_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60658-3","volume":"371","author":"SL Weinstein","year":"2008","unstructured":"Weinstein SL, Dolan LA, Cheng JC, Danielsson A, Morcuende JA (2008) Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. 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No author has any financial or personal relationships with organisations that could inappropriately influence or bias the work presented. Specifically, none of the authors is employed by, holds stock in, serves on advisory boards of, receives honoraria or consulting fees from, or has received grants or funding from any corporation or entity with a direct interest in the content of this paper.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}