{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T13:45:02Z","timestamp":1784900702062,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]],"date-time":"2020-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581033600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]],"date-time":"2020-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581033600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-020-02635-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]],"date-time":"2020-02-07T17:02:56Z","timestamp":1581094976000},"page":"835-838","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Scoring of radiographic cortical healing with the radiographic humerus union measurement predicts union in humeral shaft fractures"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1533-8114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony V.","family":"Christiano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian A.","family":"Pean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Leucht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjit R.","family":"Konda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth A.","family":"Egol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2635_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2006.04.130","author":"CM Court-Brown","year":"2006","unstructured":"Court-Brown CM, Caesar B (2006) Epidemiology of adult fractures: a review. Injury. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2006.04.130","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"2635_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21563","volume":"64","author":"SH Kim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim SH, Szabo RM, Marder RA (2012) Epidemiology of humerus fractures in the United States: Nationwide emergency department sample, 2008. Arthritis Care Res 64(3):407\u2013414. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr.21563","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2635_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200004000-00003","volume":"82","author":"A Sarmiento","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sarmiento A, Zagorski JB, Zych GA, Latta LL, Capps CA (2000) Functional bracing for the treatment of fractures of the humeral diaphysis. J Bone Jt Surg Am 82(4):478\u2013486","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Surg Am"},{"key":"2635_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-19950401-04","volume":"18","author":"DA Foulk","year":"1995","unstructured":"Foulk DA, Szabo RM (1995) Diaphyseal humerus fractures: natural history and occurrence of nonunion. Orthopedics 18:333\u2013335","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"2635_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11420-019-09680-4","author":"AV Christiano","year":"2019","unstructured":"Christiano AV, Goch AM, Burke CJ, Leucht P, Konda SR, Egol KA (2019) Radiographic humerus union measurement (RHUM) demonstrates high inter- and intra-observer reliability in assessing humeral shaft fracture healing. HSS J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11420-019-09680-4","journal-title":"HSS J"},{"issue":"9","key":"2635_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.01580","volume":"90","author":"LA Corrales","year":"2008","unstructured":"Corrales LA (2008) Variability in the assessment of fracture-healing in orthopaedic trauma studies. J Bone Jt Surg 90(9):1862. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/JBJS.G.01580","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"2635_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181a7c16d","volume":"68","author":"DB Whelan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Whelan DB, Bhandari M, Stephen D et al (2010) Development of the radiographic union score for tibial fractures for the assessment of tibial fracture healing after intramedullary fixation. J Trauma 68(3):629\u2013632. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181a7c16d","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"2635_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-14-70","volume":"14","author":"M Bhandari","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bhandari M, Chiavaras MM, Parasu N et al (2013) Radiographic union score for hip substantially improves agreement between surgeons and radiologists. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 14(1):70. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2474-14-70","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"2635_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2014.05.022","author":"SP Patel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Patel SP, Anthony SG, Zurakowski D et al (2014) Radiographic scoring system to evaluate union of distal radius fractures. J Hand Surg Am. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhsa.2014.05.022","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"2635_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-013-3383-y","volume":"472","author":"AH Van Houten","year":"2014","unstructured":"Van Houten AH, Heesterbeek PJC, Van Heerwaarden RJ, Van Tienen TG, Wymenga AB (2014) Medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy: can delayed or nonunion be predicted? Clin Orthop Relat Res 472(4):1217\u20131223. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-013-3383-y","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"2635_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2018.07.033","author":"KA Ross","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ross KA, O\u2019Halloran K, Castillo RC et al (2018) Prediction of tibial nonunion at the 6-week time point. Injury. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2018.07.033","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"2635_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-015-4680-4","author":"T Frank","year":"2016","unstructured":"Frank T, Osterhoff G, Sprague S, Garibaldi A, Bhandari M, Slobogean GP (2016) The Radiographic Union Score for Hip (RUSH) identifies radiographic nonunion of femoral neck fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-015-4680-4","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"24","key":"2635_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1991","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.M.01180","volume":"95","author":"HJ Kreder","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kreder HJ (2013) Tibial nonunion is worse than having a myocardial infarction: commentary on an article by Mark R. Brinker, MD, et al.: \u201cThe devastating effects of tibial nonunion on health-related quality of life\u201d. J Bone Jt Surg 95(24):e1991. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/JBJS.M.01180","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2635_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-14-42","volume":"14","author":"E Antonova","year":"2013","unstructured":"Antonova E, Le TK, Burge R, Mershon J (2013) Tibia shaft fractures: costly burden of nonunions. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 14(1):42. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2474-14-42","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"2635_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e3182840d7c","author":"JC McMichael","year":"2013","unstructured":"McMichael JC, Israel H, Moed BR (2013) The musculoskeletal function assessment: establishing normative data. J Orthop Trauma. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0b013e3182840d7c","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"11","key":"2635_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2979","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-009-0883-x","volume":"467","author":"KA Egol","year":"2009","unstructured":"Egol KA, Gruson K, Spitzer AB, Walsh M, Tejwani NC (2009) Do successful surgical results after operative treatment of long-bone nonunions correlate with outcomes? Clin Orthop Relat Res 467(11):2979\u20132985. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-009-0883-x","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"2635_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/bot.0000000000001032","author":"N Fisher","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fisher N, Driesman AS, Konda S, Egol KA (2018) Patient reported pain after successful nonunion surgery. J Orthop Trauma. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/bot.0000000000001032","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"2635_CR18","first-page":"36","volume-title":"Egol KA","author":"AV Christiano","year":"2016","unstructured":"Christiano AV, Pean CA, Konda SR (2016) Egol KA. The Nicotine Effect. Iowa Orthop J, Predictors of Patient Reported Pain After Lower Extremity Nonunion Surgery, p 36"},{"key":"2635_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000960","author":"AS Driesman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Driesman AS, Fisher N, Karia R, Konda S, Egol KA (2017) Fracture site mobility at 6\u00a0weeks after humeral shaft fracture predicts nonunion without surgery. J Orthop Trauma. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000960","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"11","key":"2635_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e31828f5821","volume":"27","author":"JS Yang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yang JS, Otero J, McAndrew CM, Ricci WM, Gardner MJ (2013) Can tibial nonunion be predicted at 3\u00a0months after intramedullary nailing? J Orthop Trauma 27(11):599\u2013603. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0b013e31828f5821","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery &amp; Traumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00590-020-02635-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00590-020-02635-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00590-020-02635-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]],"date-time":"2022-10-14T21:57:56Z","timestamp":1665784676000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00590-020-02635-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]}},"alternative-id":["2635"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00590-020-02635-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1633-8065","1432-1068"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1633-8065","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1068","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 December 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 January 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 February 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors report no conflict of interest or sources of funding related to the contents of the manuscript.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Our study was approved by the appropriate institutional research ethics committee and has been performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical standards"}}]}}