{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T21:52:18Z","timestamp":1791582738927,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,21]],"date-time":"2021-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624233600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,21]],"date-time":"2021-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-021-03062-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,21]],"date-time":"2021-06-21T08:03:07Z","timestamp":1624262587000},"page":"857-865","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Comparison of knee extensor strength after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction\u00a0using either quadriceps tendon or hamstring tendon autografts"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8172-1090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Horteur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Rubens Duval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Merlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Cognault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Ollivier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Pailhe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"3062_CR1","first-page":"591","volume":"56","author":"DL MacIntosh","year":"1974","unstructured":"MacIntosh DL (1974) The anterior cruciate ligament. Over the top repair. J Bone Joint Surg 56:591","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"3062_CR2","first-page":"97","volume":"143","author":"JL Marshall","year":"1979","unstructured":"Marshall JL, Warren RF, Wickiewicz TL, Reider B (1979) The anterior cruciate ligament: a technique of repair and reconstruction. Clin Orthop Relat Res 143:97\u2013106","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"3062_CR3","first-page":"45","volume":"87","author":"W Blauth","year":"1984","unstructured":"Blauth W (1984) 2-strip substitution-plasty of the anterior cruciate ligament with the quadriceps tendon. Unfallheilkunde 87:45\u201351","journal-title":"Unfallheilkunde"},{"key":"3062_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465990270011301","volume":"27","author":"HU St\u00e4ubli","year":"1999","unstructured":"St\u00e4ubli HU, Schatzmann L, Brunner P et al (1999) Mechanical tensile properties of the quadriceps tendon and patellar ligament in young adults. Am J Sports Med 27:27\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03635465990270011301","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"3062_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1007\/bf01477262","volume":"4","author":"HU St\u00e4ubli","year":"1996","unstructured":"St\u00e4ubli HU, Schatzmann L, Brunner P et al (1996) Quadriceps tendon and patellar ligament: cryosectional anatomy and structural properties in young adults. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 4:100\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf01477262","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"3062_CR6","first-page":"725","volume":"25","author":"HU St\u00e4ubli","year":"1997","unstructured":"St\u00e4ubli HU, Jakob RP (1997) Central quadriceps tendon for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Part I: morphometric and biochemical evaluation. Am J Sports Med 25:725\u2013727","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"3062_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3531","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546518825340","volume":"47","author":"D Mouarbes","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mouarbes D, Menetrey J, Marot V et al (2019) Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of outcomes for quadriceps tendon autograft versus bone-patellar tendon-bone and hamstring-tendon autografts. Am J Sports Med 47:3531\u20133540. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546518825340","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"3062_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2018.01.046","volume":"34","author":"ET Hurley","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hurley ET, Calvo-Gurry M, Withers D et al (2018) Quadriceps tendon autograft in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review. Arthroscopy 34:1690\u20131698. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2018.01.046","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"3062_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.11.004","volume":"32","author":"JH Lubowitz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lubowitz JH (2016) Editorial commentary: quadriceps tendon autograft use for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction predicted to increase. Arthroscopy 32:76\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.11.004","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"3062_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098769","volume":"52","author":"AJ Sheean","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sheean AJ, Musahl V, Slone HS et al (2018) Quadriceps tendon autograft for arthroscopic knee ligament reconstruction: use it now, use it often. Br J Sports Med 52:698\u2013701. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098769","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"3062_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2019.01.011","volume":"35","author":"JW Xerogeanes","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xerogeanes JW (2019) Quadriceps tendon graft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: the graft of the future! Arthroscopy 35:696\u2013697. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2019.01.011","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"3062_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000765","author":"P Ajrawat","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ajrawat P, Dwyer T, Whelan D et al (2019) A comparison of quadriceps tendon autograft with bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft and hamstring tendon autograft for primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review and quantitative synthesis. Clin J Sport Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000765","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"3062_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-020-05873-1","author":"D Mouarbes","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mouarbes D, Dagneaux L, Olivier M et al (2020) Lower donor-site morbidity using QT autografts for ACL reconstruction. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-020-05873-1","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"3062_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-019-05751-5","author":"M Lind","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lind M, Strauss MJ, Nielsen T, Engebretsen L (2019) Quadriceps tendon autograft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is associated with high revision rates: results from the danish knee ligament registry. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-019-05751-5","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"3062_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2323","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516650666","volume":"44","author":"JK Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee JK, Lee S, Lee MC (2016) Outcomes of anatomic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: bone-quadriceps tendon graft versus double-bundle hamstring tendon graft. Am J Sports Med 44:2323\u20132329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546516650666","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"3062_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516688665","volume":"45","author":"E Cavaignac","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cavaignac E, Coulin B, Tscholl P et al (2017) Is quadriceps tendon autograft a better choice than hamstring autograft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction? a comparative study with a mean follow-up of 3.6 years. Am J Sports Med 45:1326\u20131332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546516688665","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"3062_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232596711983978","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967119839786","volume":"7","author":"JL Hunnicutt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hunnicutt JL, Gregory CM, McLeod MM et al (2019) Quadriceps recovery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with quadriceps tendon versus patellar tendon autografts. Orthop J Sports Med 7:2325967119839786. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2325967119839786","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"3062_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-020-01276-x","author":"KS Sinding","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sinding KS, Nielsen TG, Hvid LG et al (2020) Effects of autograft types on muscle strength and functional capacity in patients having anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a randomized controlled trial. Sports Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40279-020-01276-x","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"3062_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2001.31.10.546","volume":"31","author":"GN Williams","year":"2001","unstructured":"Williams GN, Chmielewski T, Rudolph K et al (2001) Dynamic knee stability: current theory and implications for clinicians and scientists. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 31:546\u2013566. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2519\/jospt.2001.31.10.546","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"3062_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.5455\/medarh.2015.69.21-23","volume":"69","author":"DD Cvjetkovic","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cvjetkovic DD, Bijeljac S, Palija S et al (2015) Isokinetic testing in evaluation rehabilitation outcome after ACL reconstruction. Med Arch 69:21\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5455\/medarh.2015.69.21-23","journal-title":"Med Arch"},{"key":"3062_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2018.03.011","volume":"25","author":"JL Martin-Alguacil","year":"2018","unstructured":"Martin-Alguacil JL, Arroyo-Morales M, Mart\u00edn-Gomez JL et al (2018) Strength recovery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with quadriceps tendon versus hamstring tendon autografts in soccer players: a randomized controlled trial. Knee 25:704\u2013714. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.knee.2018.03.011","journal-title":"Knee"},{"key":"3062_CR22","first-page":"288","volume":"44","author":"F Pigozzi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pigozzi F, Di Salvo V, Parisi A et al (2004) Isokinetic evaluation of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: quadriceps tendon versus patellar tendon. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 44:288\u2013293","journal-title":"J Sports Med Phys Fitness"},{"key":"3062_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-018-1959-0","volume":"19","author":"Y-H Kwak","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kwak Y-H, Lee S, Lee MC, Han H-S (2018) Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with quadriceps tendon-patellar bone allograft: matched case control study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 19:45. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-018-1959-0","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"3062_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-017-4522-x","volume":"26","author":"F Fischer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fischer F, Fink C, Herbst E et al (2018) Higher hamstring-to-quadriceps isokinetic strength ratio during the first post-operative months in patients with quadriceps tendon compared to hamstring tendon graft following ACL reconstruction. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 26:418\u2013425. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-017-4522-x","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"3062_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2014-093962","volume":"49","author":"MB Undheim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Undheim MB, Cosgrave C, King E et al (2015) Isokinetic muscle strength and readiness to return to sport following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: is there an association? A systematic review and a protocol recommendation. Br J Sports Med 49:1305\u20131310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsports-2014-093962","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"3062_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eats.2015.05.014","volume":"4","author":"P Colombet","year":"2015","unstructured":"Colombet P, Graveleau N (2015) An anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction technique with 4-strand semitendinosus grafts, using outside-in tibial tunnel drilling and suspensory fixation devices. Arthrosc Tech 4:e507-511. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eats.2015.05.014","journal-title":"Arthrosc Tech"},{"key":"3062_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2011.01.010","volume":"19","author":"M Salavati","year":"2011","unstructured":"Salavati M, Akhbari B, Mohammadi F et al (2011) Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS); reliability and validity in competitive athletes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Osteoarthr Cartil 19:406\u2013410. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joca.2011.01.010","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"3062_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198509000-00007","volume":"198","author":"Y Tegner","year":"1985","unstructured":"Tegner Y, Lysholm J (1985) Rating systems in the evaluation of knee ligament injuries. Clin Orthop Relat Res 198:43\u201349","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"3062_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V37N4p330","volume":"37","author":"YH Pua","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pua YH, Bryant AL, Steele JR et al (2008) Isokinetic dynamometry in anterior cruciate ligament injury and reconstruction. Ann Acad Med Singap 37:330\u2013340","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singap"},{"key":"3062_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-821342","volume":"26","author":"M Dauty","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dauty M, Tortellier L, Rochcongar P (2005) Isokinetic and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstrings or patella tendon graft: analysis of literature. Int J Sports Med 26:599\u2013606. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2004-821342","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"key":"3062_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20472","volume":"26","author":"AL Bryant","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bryant AL, Kelly J, Hohmann E (2008) Neuromuscular adaptations and correlates of knee functionality following ACL reconstruction. J Orthop Res 26:126\u2013135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jor.20472","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"3062_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-200209000-00003","volume":"34","author":"Y Konishi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Konishi Y, Fukubayashi T, Takeshita D (2002) Possible mechanism of quadriceps femoris weakness in patients with ruptured anterior cruciate ligament. Med Sci Sports Exerc 34:1414\u20131418. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00005768-200209000-00003","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"3062_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eats.2014.08.007","volume":"3","author":"B Sonnery-Cottet","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sonnery-Cottet B, Freychet B, Murphy CG et al (2014) Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and preservation: the Single-Anteromedial Bundle Biological Augmentation (SAMBBA) technique. Arthrosc Tech 3:e689-693. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eats.2014.08.007","journal-title":"Arthrosc Tech"},{"key":"3062_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199404000-00010","volume":"76","author":"L Snyder-Mackler","year":"1994","unstructured":"Snyder-Mackler L, De Luca PF, Williams PR et al (1994) Reflex inhibition of the quadriceps femoris muscle after injury or reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament. J Bone Joint Surg Am 76:555\u2013560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/00004623-199404000-00010","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"3062_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1007\/bf01466615","volume":"3","author":"H Breitfuss","year":"1996","unstructured":"Breitfuss H, Fr\u00f6hlich R, Povacz P et al (1996) The tendon defect after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using the midthird patellar tendon\u2014a problem for the patellofemoral joint? Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 3:194\u2013198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf01466615","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"3062_CR36","first-page":"175","volume":"51","author":"K Yasuda","year":"1991","unstructured":"Yasuda K, Ohkoshi Y, Tanabe Y, Kaneda K (1991) Muscle weakness after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using patellar and quadriceps tendons. Bull Hosp Jt Dis Orthop Inst 51:175\u2013185","journal-title":"Bull Hosp Jt Dis Orthop Inst"},{"key":"3062_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1994.20.2.60","volume":"20","author":"KE Wilk","year":"1994","unstructured":"Wilk KE, Romaniello WT, Soscia SM et al (1994) The relationship between subjective knee scores, isokinetic testing, and functional testing in the ACL-reconstructed knee. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 20:60\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2519\/jospt.1994.20.2.60","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"3062_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rco.2008.09.006","volume":"94","author":"J Condouret","year":"2008","unstructured":"Condouret J, Cohn J, Ferret J-M et al (2008) Isokinetic assessment with two years follow-up of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with patellar tendon or hamstring tendons. Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot 94:375\u2013382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rco.2008.09.006","journal-title":"Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot"},{"key":"3062_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513510672","volume":"42","author":"TW Tourville","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tourville TW, Jarrell KM, Naud S et al (2014) Relationship between isokinetic strength and tibiofemoral joint space width changes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Am J Sports Med 42:302\u2013311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546513510672","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"3062_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199072100-00023","volume":"72","author":"AA Sapega","year":"1990","unstructured":"Sapega AA (1990) Muscle performance evaluation in orthopaedic practice. J Bone Joint Surg Am 72:1562\u20131574","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00590-021-03062-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00590-021-03062-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00590-021-03062-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,5]],"date-time":"2023-11-05T00:53:31Z","timestamp":1699145611000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00590-021-03062-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,21]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["3062"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00590-021-03062-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1068"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1068","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 May 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 June 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 June 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"MO (Matthieu Ollivier) is an educational consultant for Stryker, New-clip and Arthrex. Other authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Study ethics approval was obtained on 19\/05\/2020 (CECIC Rh\u00f4ne-Alpes-Auvergne, IRB 5891).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"All patients included gave their informed consent. Data collection started after registration to the CNIL France (National commission for Data Protection and Liberties).","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}}]}}