{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T06:14:08Z","timestamp":1794032048298,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]],"date-time":"2023-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677801600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]],"date-time":"2023-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006692","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Torino","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006692","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of the knee represents a severe complication after 1.5% to 2% of primary total knee replacement. Although two-stage revision was considered the gold-standard treatment for PJI of the knee, in the last decades, more studies reported the outcomes of one-stage revisions. This systematic review aims to assess reinfection rate, infection-free survival after reoperation for recurrent infection, and the microorganisms involved in both primary and recurrent infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review of all studies reporting the outcome of one-stage revision for PJI of the knee up to September 2022, according to PRISMA criteria and AMSTAR2 guidelines, was performed. Patient demographics, clinical, surgical, and postoperative data were recorded. PROSPERO ID: CRD42022362767.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighteen studies with a total of 881 one-stage revisions for PJI of the knee were analyzed. A reinfection rate of 12.2% after an average follow-up of 57.6\u00a0months was reported. The most frequent causative microorganism were gram-positive bacteria (71.1%), gram-negative bacteria (7.1%), and polymicrobial infections (8%). The average postoperative knee society score was 81.5, and the average postoperative knee function score was 74.2. The infection-free survival after treatment for recurrent infection was 92.1%. The causative microorganisms at reinfections differed significantly from the primary infection (gram-positive 44.4%, gram-negative 11.1%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients who underwent a one-stage revision for PJI of the knee showed a reinfection rate lower or comparable to other surgical treatments as two-stage or DAIR (debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention). Reoperation for reinfection demonstrates a lower success compared to one-stage revision. Moreover, microbiology differs between primary infection and recurrent infection.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Level of evidence<\/jats:bold>\n                      Level IV.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-023-03480-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]],"date-time":"2023-03-03T10:02:36Z","timestamp":1677837756000},"page":"2703-2715","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Characterizing recurrent infections after one-stage revision for periprosthetic joint infection of the knee: a systematic review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Bosco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Cacciola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6386-2933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fortunato","family":"Giustra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Risitano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcello","family":"Capella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Vezza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Barberis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Cavaliere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Mass\u00e8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Sabatini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"3480_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i5","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku247","volume":"69","author":"T Lamagni","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lamagni T (2014) Epidemiology and burden of prosthetic joint infections. J Antimicrob Chemother 69(Suppl 1):i5-10","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"49","key":"3480_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2020.35.e410","volume":"35","author":"HS Kim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kim HS, Park JW, Moon SY, Lee YK, Ha YC, Koo KH (2020) Current and future burden of periprosthetic joint infection from national claim database. J Korean Med Sci 35(49):e410","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"3480_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2021.10.006","volume":"37","author":"McMaster Arthroplasty Collaborative (MAC)","year":"2022","unstructured":"McMaster Arthroplasty Collaborative (MAC) (2022) Incidence and predictors of prosthetic joint infection following primary total knee arthroplasty: a 15-year population-based cohort study. J Arthroplasty 37(2):367-372.e1","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"3480_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-022-07226-6","author":"F Giustra","year":"2022","unstructured":"Giustra F, Bistolfi A, Bosco F, Fresia N, Sabatini L, Berchialla P et al (2022) Highly cross-linked polyethylene versus conventional polyethylene in primary total knee arthroplasty: comparable clinical and radiological results at a 10-year follow-up. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-022-07226-6","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"21","key":"3480_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6569","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11216569","volume":"11","author":"F Giustra","year":"2022","unstructured":"Giustra F, Bosco F, Cacciola G, Risitano S, Capella M, Bistolfi A et al (2022) No significant differences in clinical and radiographic outcomes between PCL retained or sacrificed kinematic aligned medial pivot total knee arthroplasty in varus knee. J Clin Med 11(21):6569","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3480_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5413.106884","volume":"47","author":"VK Aggarwal","year":"2013","unstructured":"Aggarwal VK, Rasouli MR, Parvizi J (2013) Periprosthetic joint infection: Current concept. Indian J Orthop 47(1):10\u201317","journal-title":"Indian J Orthop"},{"issue":"18","key":"3480_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.N.00958","volume":"97","author":"MM Gomez","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gomez MM, Tan TL, Manrique J, Deirmengian GK, Parvizi J (2015) The fate of spacers in the treatment of periprosthetic joint infection. J Bone Joint Surg Am 97(18):1495\u20131502","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"3480_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2020.07.024","volume":"36","author":"MJ Grosso","year":"2021","unstructured":"Grosso MJ, Kozaily E, Cacciola G, Parvizi J (2021) Characterizing femoral and acetabular bone loss in two-stage revision total hip arthroplasty for infection. J Arthroplasty 36(1):311\u2013316","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"3480_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2020.12.021","volume":"23","author":"I Lazic","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lazic I, Scheele C, Pohlig F, von Eisenhart-Rothe R, Suren C (2021) Treatment options in PJI - is two-stage still gold standard? J Orthop 23:180\u2013184","journal-title":"J Orthop"},{"issue":"8","key":"3480_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198365080-00008","volume":"65","author":"JN Insall","year":"1983","unstructured":"Insall JN, Thompson FM, Brause BD (1983) Two-stage reimplantation for the salvage of infected total knee arthroplasty. JBJS 65(8):1087\u20131098","journal-title":"JBJS"},{"issue":"2","key":"3480_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1530\/EOR-21-0037","volume":"7","author":"A Craig","year":"2022","unstructured":"Craig A, King SW, van Duren BH, Veysi VT, Jain S, Palan J (2022) Articular spacers in two-stage revision arthroplasty for prosthetic joint infection of the hip and the knee. EFORT Open Rev 7(2):137\u2013152","journal-title":"EFORT Open Rev"},{"key":"3480_CR12","volume-title":"Infection in Knee Replacement","author":"I De Martino","year":"2022","unstructured":"De Martino I, Mancino F, Cacciola G, Di Matteo V, Maccauro G (2022) Local delivery of antibiotic and antiseptic. In: Longo UG, Budhiparama NC, Lustig S, Becker R, Espregueira-Mendes J (eds) Infection in Knee Replacement. Springer, Cham"},{"issue":"3","key":"3480_CR13","volume":"92","author":"C Maden","year":"2021","unstructured":"Maden C, Jaibaji M, Konan S, Zagra L, Borella M, Harvey A et al (2021) The outcomes of surgical management of failed two-stage revision knee arthroplasty. Acta Biomed 92(3):e2021197","journal-title":"Acta Biomed"},{"issue":"10 Supp A","key":"3480_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.97B10.36475","volume":"97","author":"T Gehrke","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gehrke T, Alijanipour P, Parvizi J (2015) The management of an infected total knee arthroplasty. Bone Joint J 97(10 Supp A):20\u201329","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"issue":"2S","key":"3480_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.09.026","volume":"34","author":"J Bialecki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bialecki J, Bucsi L, Fernando N, Foguet P, Guo S, Haddad F et al (2019) Hip and knee section, treatment, one stage exchange: proceedings of international consensus on orthopedic infections. J Arthroplasty 34(2S):S421\u2013S426","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"2","key":"3480_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2021.10.020","volume":"37","author":"IG Bakhtiari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bakhtiari IG, Vles G, Busch SM, Frommelt L, Gehrke T, Salber J et al (2022) Septic failure after one-stage exchange for prosthetic joint infection of the hip: microbiological implications. J Arthroplasty 37(2):373\u2013378","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"3480_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n160","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, Moher D, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD et al (2021) PRISMA 2020 explanation and elaboration: updated guidance and exemplars for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 372:n160","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"3480_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e318219c171","volume":"128","author":"PB Burns","year":"2011","unstructured":"Burns PB, Rohrich RJ, Chung KC (2011) The levels of evidence and their role in evidence-based medicine. Plast Reconstr Surg 128(1):305\u2013310","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"3480_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1445-2197.2003.02748.x","volume":"73","author":"K Slim","year":"2003","unstructured":"Slim K, Nini E, Forestier D, Kwiatkowski F, Panis Y, Chipponi J (2003) Methodological index for non-randomized studies (minors): development and validation of a new instrument. ANZ J Surg 73(9):712\u2013716","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"},{"key":"3480_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-022-07222-w","author":"N Le","year":"2022","unstructured":"Le N, Blackman B, Zakharia A, Cohen D, de Sa D (2022) MPFL repair after acute first-time patellar dislocation results in lower redislocation rates and less knee pain compared to rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-022-07222-w","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"3480_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2022.06.014","volume":"33","author":"S Risitano","year":"2022","unstructured":"Risitano S, Cacciola G, Sabatini L, Capella M, Bosco F, Giustra F et al (2022) Restricted kinematic alignment in primary total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review of radiographic and clinical data. J Orthop 33:37\u201343","journal-title":"J Orthop"},{"issue":"1","key":"3480_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.74B1.1732271","volume":"74","author":"SB G\u00f6ksan","year":"1992","unstructured":"G\u00f6ksan SB, Freeman MA (1992) One-stage reimplantation for infected total knee arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Br 74(1):78\u201382","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"1","key":"3480_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-010-1313-9","volume":"469","author":"LA Whiteside","year":"2011","unstructured":"Whiteside LA, Peppers M, Nayfeh TA, Roy ME (2011) Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in TKA treated with revision and direct intra-articular antibiotic infusion. Clin Orthop Relat Res 469(1):26\u201333","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"3480_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-011-2174-6","volume":"470","author":"J Singer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Singer J, Merz A, Frommelt L, Fink B (2012) High rate of infection control with one-stage revision of septic knee prostheses excluding MRSA and MRSE. Clin Orthop Relat Res 470(5):1461\u20131471","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"3480_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2713","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-012-2090-7","volume":"21","author":"P Baker","year":"2013","unstructured":"Baker P, Petheram TG, Kurtz S, Konttinen YT, Gregg P, Deehan D (2013) Patient reported outcome measures after revision of the infected TKR: comparison of single versus two-stage revision. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 21(12):2713\u20132720","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"1","key":"3480_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-012-2480-7","volume":"471","author":"JY Jenny","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jenny JY, Barbe B, Gaudias J, Boeri C, Argenson JN (2013) High infection control rate and function after routine one-stage exchange for chronically infected TKA. Clin Orthop Relat Res 471(1):238\u2013243","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"3480_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.96B6.33086","volume":"96","author":"S Tibrewal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tibrewal S, Malagelada F, Jeyaseelan L, Posch F, Scott G (2014) Single-stage revision for the infected total knee replacement: results from a single centre. Bone Joint J 96(6):759\u2013764","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"issue":"1","key":"3480_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-014-3721-8","volume":"473","author":"FS Haddad","year":"2015","unstructured":"Haddad FS, Sukeik M, Alazzawi S (2015) Is single-stage revision according to a strict protocol effective in treatment of chronic knee arthroplasty infections? Clin Orthop Relat Res 473(1):8\u201314","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"3480_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3131","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-015-3884-1","volume":"24","author":"P Massin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Massin P, Delory T, Lhotellier L, Pasquier G, Roche O, Cazenave A et al (2016) Infection recurrence factors in one- and two-stage total knee prosthesis exchanges. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 24(10):3131\u20133139","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"1","key":"3480_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-015-4408-5","volume":"474","author":"A Zahar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zahar A, Kendoff DO, Klatte TO, Gehrke TA (2016) Can good infection control be obtained in one-stage exchange of the infected TKA to a rotating hinge design? 10-year results. Clin Orthop Relat Res 474(1):81\u201387","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"3480_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1007\/s11420-017-9550-z","volume":"13","author":"L Castellani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Castellani L, Daneman N, Mubareka S, Jenkinson R (2017) Factors associated with choice and success of one- versus two-stage revision arthroplasty for infected hip and knee prostheses. HSS J 13(3):224\u2013231","journal-title":"HSS J"},{"issue":"4","key":"3480_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.11.016","volume":"35","author":"H Abdelaziz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abdelaziz H, Biewald P, Anastasiadis Z, Haasper C, Gehrke T, Hawi N et al (2020) Midterm results after tantalum cones in 1-stage knee exchange for periprosthetic joint infection: a single-center study. J Arthroplasty 35(4):1084\u20131089","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"5","key":"3480_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1697963","volume":"34","author":"G Holland","year":"2021","unstructured":"Holland G, Brown G, Goudie S, Brenkel I, Walmsley PJ (2021) Results of using a \u201c2-in-1\u201d single-stage revision total knee arthroplasty for infection with associated bone loss: prospective 2-year follow-up. J Knee Surg 34(5):526\u2013532","journal-title":"J Knee Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"3480_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2020.07.012","volume":"36","author":"C Klemt","year":"2021","unstructured":"Klemt C, Tirumala V, Oganesyan R, Xiong L, van den Kieboom J, Kwon YM (2021) Single-stage revision of the infected total knee arthroplasty is associated with improved functional outcomes: a propensity score-matched cohort study. J Arthroplasty 36(1):298\u2013304","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"3480_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1731739","author":"B Ji","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ji B, Li G, Zhang X, Wang Y, Mu W, Cao L (2021) Midterm survival of a varus-valgus constrained implant following one-stage revision for periprosthetic joint infection: a single-center study. J Knee Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0041-1731739","journal-title":"J Knee Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"3480_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2021.1851597","volume":"19","author":"A Pellegrini","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pellegrini A, Meani E, Macchi V, Legnani C (2021) One-stage revision surgery provides infection eradication and satisfying outcomes for infected knee arthroplasty in selected patients. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 19(7):945\u2013948","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"issue":"5","key":"3480_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1302\/2633-1462.25.BJO-2020-0185.R1","volume":"2","author":"N Razii","year":"2021","unstructured":"Razii N, Clutton JM, Kakar R, Morgan-Jones R (2021) Single-stage revision for the infected total knee arthroplasty: the cardiff experience. Bone Jt Open 2(5):305\u2013313","journal-title":"Bone Jt Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"3480_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2020.08.015","volume":"36","author":"M Rossmann","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rossmann M, Minde T, Citak M, Gehrke T, Sandiford NA, Klatte TO et al (2021) High rate of reinfection with new bacteria following one-stage exchange for enterococcal periprosthetic infection of the knee: a single-center study. J Arthroplasty 36(2):711\u2013716","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"10","key":"3480_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10101177","volume":"10","author":"LR Tuecking","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tuecking LR, Silligmann J, Savov P, Omar M, Windhagen H, Ettinger M (2021) Detailed revision risk analysis after single- vs two-stage revision total knee arthroplasty in periprosthetic joint infection: a retrospective tertiary center analysis. Antibiotics 10(10):1177","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"3480_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-021-04190-7","author":"AL Goud","year":"2021","unstructured":"Goud AL, Harlianto NI, Ezzafzafi S, Veltman ES, Bekkers JEJ, van der Wal BCH (2021) Reinfection rates after one- and two-stage revision surgery for hip and knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-021-04190-7","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"3480_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0151537","volume":"11","author":"Kunutsor SK, Whitehouse MR, Lenguerrand E, Blom AW, Beswick AD; INFORM Team","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kunutsor SK, Whitehouse MR, Lenguerrand E, Blom AW, Beswick AD; INFORM Team (2016) Re-infection outcomes following one- and two-stage surgical revision of infected knee prosthesis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE 11(3):e0151537","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"12","key":"3480_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.18.00947","volume":"101","author":"M Citak","year":"2019","unstructured":"Citak M, Friedenstab J, Abdelaziz H, Suero EM, Zahar A, Salber J et al (2019) Risk factors for failure after 1-stage exchange total knee arthroplasty in the management of periprosthetic joint infection. J Bone Joint Surg Am 101(12):1061\u20131069","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"3480_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.09.021","volume":"34","author":"A Aalirezaie","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aalirezaie A, Bauer TW, Fayaz H, Griffin W, Higuera CA, Krenn V et al (2019) Hip and knee section, diagnosis, reimplantation: proceedings of international consensus on orthopedic infections. J Arthroplasty 34(2):369\u2013379","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"7","key":"3480_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11070719","volume":"11","author":"JL Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen JL, Huang TY, Hsu WB, Lee CW, Chiang YC, Chang PJ et al (2022) Characterization of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus isolates from periprosthetic joint infections. Pathogens 11(7):719","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"1","key":"3480_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.5704\/MOJ.2003.003","volume":"14","author":"A Santoso","year":"2020","unstructured":"Santoso A, Yoon TR, Park KS, Anwar IB, Utomo P, Soetjahjo B et al (2020) The results of two-stage revision for methicillin-resistant periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of the hip. Malays Orthop J 14(1):18\u201323","journal-title":"Malays Orthop J"},{"issue":"6","key":"3480_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200706000-00010","volume":"89","author":"Y Mittal","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mittal Y, Fehring TK, Hanssen A, Marculescu C, Odum SM, Osmon D (2007) Two-stage reimplantation for periprosthetic knee infection involving resistant organisms. J Bone Joint Surg Am 89(6):1227\u20131231","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"3480_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1097\/BLO.0b013e3181123d4e","volume":"461","author":"CD Salgado","year":"2007","unstructured":"Salgado CD, Dash S, Cantey JR, Marculescu CE (2007) Higher risk of failure of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus prosthetic joint infections. Clin Orthop Relat Res 461:48\u201353","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"3480_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2018.08.035","volume":"15","author":"G Cacciola","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cacciola G, De Meo F, Cavaliere P (2018) Mechanical and elution properties of G3 low viscosity bone cement loaded up to three antibiotics. J Orthop 15(4):1004\u20131007","journal-title":"J Orthop"},{"issue":"1","key":"3480_CR49","first-page":"5623","volume":"7","author":"O Jakobs","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jakobs O, Schoof B, Klatte TO, Schmidl S, Fensky F, Guenther D et al (2015) Fungal periprosthetic joint infection in total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review. Orthop Rev (Pavia) 7(1):5623","journal-title":"Orthop Rev (Pavia)"},{"issue":"5","key":"3480_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1758","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2020.11.005","volume":"36","author":"CE Gross","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gross CE, Della Valle CJ, Rex JC, Traven SA, Durante EC (2021) Fungal periprosthetic joint infection: a review of demographics and management. J Arthroplasty 36(5):1758\u20131764","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"1","key":"3480_CR51","first-page":"5748","volume":"7","author":"B Schoof","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schoof B, Jakobs O, Schmidl S, Klatte TO, Frommelt L, Gehrke T et al (2015) Fungal periprosthetic joint infection of the hip: a systematic review. Orthop Rev (Pavia) 7(1):5748","journal-title":"Orthop Rev (Pavia)"},{"issue":"6","key":"3480_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-008-0230-7","volume":"466","author":"CE Marculescu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Marculescu CE, Cantey JR (2008) Polymicrobial prosthetic joint infections: risk factors and outcome. Clin Orthop Relat Res 466(6):1397\u20131404","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"7S","key":"3480_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.03.016","volume":"37","author":"MM Valenzuela","year":"2022","unstructured":"Valenzuela MM, Averkamp BJ, Odum SM, Rowe TM, Fehring TK (2022) Polymicrobial colonization of prosthetic joint infections treated with open wound management. J Arthroplasty 37(7S):S653\u2013S656","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery &amp; Traumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00590-023-03480-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00590-023-03480-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00590-023-03480-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]],"date-time":"2023-09-15T01:04:33Z","timestamp":1694739873000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00590-023-03480-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["3480"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00590-023-03480-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1068"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1068","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 December 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 January 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 March 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors have no conflicts of interest for this study to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. All patients were informed about the study and consented to participate.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"All patients were informed about the study and consented to participate.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}