{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T19:08:05Z","timestamp":1770750485169,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-025-04345-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T14:17:08Z","timestamp":1749046628000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["An observational study on comparison of dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulphate as adjuvants to bupivacaine for adductor canal block for postoperative analgesia in total knee replacement patients"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Rayapati","family":"Geethika","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valluri","family":"Mounika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Afroze Sultana","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tulasi Ram Naik","family":"Menavath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Srinivasa Babu","family":"Puttagunta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karthik C.","family":"Yalavarthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naga Lakshmi","family":"Jada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"4345_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31827773e9","volume":"118","author":"L Jeffrey","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jeffrey L, Jeffrey H, Frances F, Richard T, Ralph B, Sean E, David G (2013) Practice guidelines for post anaesthetic care: an updated report by the American Society of anaesthesiologist\u2019s task force on post anaesthetic care. Anaesthesiology 118:291\u2013307","journal-title":"Anaesthesiology"},{"key":"4345_CR2","unstructured":"Hadzic A (2012) Peripheral nerve blocks and anatomy for ultra sound guided regional anaesthesia. Graw Hill Professional"},{"key":"4345_CR3","unstructured":"Hadzic A (2017) Text book of regional anaesthesia and acute pain management. Mc Graw Hill Medical Publishing division, chapter 3, p 44, chapter 32C, pp. 568\u2013572"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"4345_CR4","first-page":"11","volume":"61","author":"ER Viscusi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Viscusi ER (2014) Emerging techniques in the treatment of postoperative pain. Am J Health Syst Pharm 61(suppl):11\u201314","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"issue":"5S","key":"4345_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000177102.11682.20","volume":"101","author":"JA Grass","year":"2005","unstructured":"Grass JA (2005) Patient-controlled analgesia. Anaesth Analg 101(5S):44\u201361","journal-title":"Anaesth Analg"},{"issue":"7","key":"4345_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-6576.2001.045007795.x","volume":"45","author":"B Walder","year":"2001","unstructured":"Walder B, Schafer M, Henzi I, Tram\u00e8r MR (2001) Efficacy and safety of patient\u2010controlled opioid analgesia for acute postoperative pain: a quantitative systematic review. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 45(7):795\u2013804. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1034\/j.1399-6576.2001.045007795.x","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"issue":"1","key":"4345_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-200101000-00043","volume":"92","author":"PP Chen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Chen PP, Chui PT, Gin T (2001) A prospective survey of patients after cessation of patient-controlled analgesia. Anaesth Analg 92(1):224\u2013227","journal-title":"Anaesth Analg"},{"key":"4345_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2016.08.021","author":"UV Maulin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Maulin UV, Thomas AN, Cale AK, Stuart AG (2016) Adductor canal block for knee surgical procedures. Rev J Clin Anaesth. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinane.2016.08.021","journal-title":"Rev J Clin Anaesth"},{"key":"4345_CR9","unstructured":"Adductor canal block procedure guide\u2014UpToDate https:\/\/www.uptodate.com\u203acontents\u203aadductor-canal-block"},{"key":"4345_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000169","volume":"40","author":"U Grevstad","year":"2015","unstructured":"Grevstad U, Mathiesen O, Valentiner LS, Jaeger P, Hilsted KL, Dahl JB (2015) Effect of adductor canal block versus femoral nerve block on quadriceps strength, mobilization, and pain after total knee arthroplasty a randomized, blinded study. Reg Anesth Pain 40:3\u201310","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain"},{"issue":"2","key":"4345_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e318279fa0b","volume":"118","author":"P J\u00e6ger","year":"2013","unstructured":"J\u00e6ger P, Nielsen ZJK, Henningsen MH, Hilsted KL, Mathiesen O, Dahl JB (2013) Adductor canal block versus femoral nerve block and quadriceps strength: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study in healthy volunteers. Anesthesiology 118(2):409\u2013415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ALN.0b013e318279fa0b","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"4345_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2011.02645.x","volume":"56","author":"R Kapoor","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kapoor R, Adhikary SD, Siefring C, McQuillan PM (2012) The saphenous nerve and its relationship to the nerve to the vastus medialis in and around the adductor canal: an anatomical study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 56:365\u2013367","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"4345_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.4103\/0259-1162.73523","volume":"4","author":"M Kaur","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kaur M (2010) Adjuvants to local anesthetics a combination wisdom. Anesth Essays Res 4:122\u2013123","journal-title":"Anesth Essays Res"},{"key":"4345_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NURSE.0000314838.93173.f2","volume":"38","author":"KM Kemp","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kemp KM, Henderlight L, Neville M (2008) Precedex: is it the future of cooperative sedation. Nursing 38:7\u20138","journal-title":"Nursing"},{"issue":"2","key":"4345_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sane.2006.02.003","volume":"25","author":"DS Wagner","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wagner DS, Brummett CM (2006) Dexmedetomidine: as safe as safe can be. Semin Anaesth Perioper Med Pain 25(2):77\u201383","journal-title":"Semin Anaesth Perioper Med Pain"},{"key":"4345_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.21276\/apjhs.2015.2.2.23","volume":"2","author":"A Pixit","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pixit A, Singhal S, Neema C, Sanwatsarkar S, Bhatia M (2015) An evaluation of the addition of Dexmedetomidine to Levobupivacaine for supraclavicular brachial plexus block in upper limb orthopaedic surgeries. Asian Pac J Health Sci 2:148\u2013153","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Health Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"4345_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200011000-00030","volume":"93","author":"T Kamibayashi","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kamibayashi T, Maze M (2000) Clinical uses of a2-adrenergic agonists. Anaesthesiology. J Am Soc Anaesthesiol 93(5):1345\u20131349","journal-title":"J Am Soc Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4345_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199809000-00005","volume":"89","author":"H Scheinin","year":"1998","unstructured":"Scheinin H, Aantaa R, Anttila M, Hakola P, Helminen A, Karhuvaara S (1998) Reversal of the sedative and sympatholytic effects of dexmedetomidine with a specific a2-adrenoceptor antagonist atipamezole pharmacodynamic and kinetic study in healthy volunteers. J Am Soc Anaesthesiol 89(3):574\u2013584","journal-title":"J Am Soc Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"4345_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.2165\/11207190-000000000-00000","volume":"71","author":"SM Hoy","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hoy SM, Keating GM (2011) Dexmedetomidine: a review of its use for sedation in mechanically ventilated patients in an intensive care setting and for procedural sedation. Drugs 71(11):1481\u20131501. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/11207190-000000000-00000","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"4345_CR20","volume-title":"Preoperative medication in clinical anaesthesia","author":"GE Morgan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Morgan GE, Mikhail MS, Murray MJ (2006) Preoperative medication in clinical anaesthesia. Mc Graw Hill, New York"},{"issue":"10","key":"4345_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-015-0419-5","volume":"75","author":"GM Keating","year":"2015","unstructured":"Keating GM (2015) Dexmedetomidine: a review of its use for sedation in the intensive care setting. Drugs 75(10):1119\u20131130","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"1","key":"4345_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.4097\/kjae.2013.65.1.4","volume":"65","author":"D Sang-Hwan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sang-Hwan D (2013) Magnesium: a versatile drug for anesthesiologists. Korean J Anesthesiol 65(1):4\u20138","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol"},{"key":"4345_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199602000-00011","volume":"84","author":"MR Tramer","year":"1996","unstructured":"Tramer MR, Schneider J, Marti RA, Rifat K (1996) Role of magnesium sulphate in postoperative analgesia. Anaesthesiology 84:340\u2013347","journal-title":"Anaesthesiology"},{"key":"4345_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(91)90100-C","volume":"44","author":"CJ Woolf","year":"1991","unstructured":"Woolf CJ, Thompson SW (1991) The induction and maintenance of central sensitization is dependent on N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor activation; implications for the treatment of post-injury pain hypersensitivity states. Pain 44:293\u2013299","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"4345_CR25","unstructured":"David W, Fitz, David W, \u201cTotal knee replacement: a patient\u2019s guide, total knee replacement. UW orthopaedics & sports medicine university of Washington medicine, orthopaedics and sports medicine\u201d"},{"issue":"4","key":"4345_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9185.142852","volume":"30","author":"V Shahi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shahi V, Verma AK, Agarwal A, Singh CS (2014) A comparative study of magnesium sulfate vs dexmedetomidine as an adjunct to epidural bupivacaine. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 30(4):538\u2013542. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0970-9185.142852","journal-title":"J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4345_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjane.2022.05.003","volume":"74","author":"SM Moeen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Moeen SM, Wahba OM, Mandour AM, Ghany NA, Osman MA, Sabra TA, Takrouney MH, Moeen AM (2024) Efficacy of dexmedetomidine versus magnesium sulfate as an adjuvant to intraperitoneal bupivacaine in pediatric laparoscopic surgery: a randomized clinical trial. Braz J Anesthesiol 74(5):744380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjane.2022.05.003","journal-title":"Braz J Anesthesiol"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00590-025-04345-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00590-025-04345-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00590-025-04345-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T23:03:08Z","timestamp":1767049388000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00590-025-04345-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4345"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00590-025-04345-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1068"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1068","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 June 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"234"}}