{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:34:32Z","timestamp":1791999272393,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750723200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-025-04374-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T08:52:04Z","timestamp":1750755124000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy in patients with lumbar disc herniation: a meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Raffaele","family":"Scrofani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Migliorini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samir","family":"Smajic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"De Simone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Maffulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Iaconetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"4374_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-017-9441-4","volume":"10","author":"RM Amin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Amin RM, Andrade NS, Neuman BJ (2017) Lumbar disc herniation. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 10(4):507\u2013516","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"issue":"7607","key":"4374_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39223.428495.BE","volume":"334","author":"BW Koes","year":"2007","unstructured":"Koes BW, van Tulder MW, Peul WC (2007) Diagnoswas and treatment of sciatica. BMJ 334(7607):1313\u20131317","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"4374_CR3","unstructured":"Al Qaraghli MI, De Jesus O (2023) Lumbar disc herniation."},{"issue":"5","key":"4374_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e97027","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0097027","volume":"9","author":"A Colombini","year":"2014","unstructured":"Colombini A, Brayda-Bruno M, Lombardi G, Croiset SJ, Vrech V, Maione V et al (2014) FokI Polymorphism in the Vitamin D Receptor Gene (VDR) and its association with lumbar spine pathologies in the italian population: a case-control study. PLoS ONE 9(5):e97027","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"4374_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1089\/gtmb.2009.0202","volume":"14","author":"B Eser","year":"2010","unstructured":"Eser B, Cora T, Eser O, Kalkan E, Haktan\u0131r A, Erdogan MO et al (2010) Association of the polymorphisms of vitamin D receptor and Aggrecan genes with degenerative disc disease. Genet Test Mol Biomark 14(3):313\u2013317","journal-title":"Genet Test Mol Biomark"},{"issue":"11","key":"4374_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e49995","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0049995","volume":"7","author":"PJ Eskola","year":"2012","unstructured":"Eskola PJ, Lemmel\u00e4 S, Kjaer P, Solovieva S, M\u00e4nnikk\u00f6 M, Tommerup N et al (2012) Genetic association studies in lumbar disc degeneration: a systematic review. PLoS ONE 7(11):e49995","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4374_CR7","first-page":"2009","volume":"26","author":"J Jordan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jordan J, Konstantinou K, O\u2019Dowd J (2009) Herniated lumbar disc. BMJ Clin Evid 26:2009","journal-title":"BMJ Clin Evid"},{"key":"4374_CR8","first-page":"9","volume":"28","author":"ZY Wan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wan ZY, Shan H, Liu TF, Song F, Zhang J, Liu ZH et al (2022) Emerging issues questioning the current treatment strategies for lumbar disc herniation. Front Surg 28:9","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"issue":"S3","key":"4374_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-009-0917-9","volume":"18","author":"F Porchet","year":"2009","unstructured":"Porchet F, Bartanusz V, Kleinstueck FS, Lattig F, Jeszenszky D, Grob D et al (2009) Microdiscectomy compared with standard discectomy: an old problem revisited with new outcome measures within the framework of a spine surgical registry. Eur Spine J 18(S3):360\u2013366","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"50","key":"4374_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e16627","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000016627","volume":"98","author":"RI Yadav","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yadav RI, Long L, Yanming C (2019) Comparison of the effectiveness and outcome of microendoscopic and open discectomy in patients suffering from lumbar disc herniation. Medicine 98(50):e16627","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"4374_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S21","DOI":"10.14444\/8161","volume":"15","author":"KU Lewandrowski","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lewandrowski KU, Telfeian AE, Hellinger S, Le\u00f3n JFR, de Carvalho PST, Ramos MR et al (2021) Difficulties, challenges, and the learning curve of avoiding complications in lumbar endoscopic spine surgery. Int J Spine Surg 15(suppl 3):S21\u2013S37","journal-title":"Int J Spine Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"4374_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5413.125511","volume":"48","author":"AG Kulkarni","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kulkarni AG, Bassi A, Dhruv A (2014) Microendoscopic lumbar discectomy: technique and results of 188 cases. Indian J Orthop 48(1):81\u201387","journal-title":"Indian J Orthop"},{"issue":"2","key":"4374_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12839","volume":"13","author":"Q Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen Q, Zhang Z, Liu B, Liu S (2021) Evaluation of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation: a retrospective study. Orthop Surg 13(2):599\u2013607","journal-title":"Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"4374_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2009.06.006","volume":"62","author":"A Liberati","year":"2009","unstructured":"Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, G\u00f8tzsche PC, Ioannidwas JPA et al (2009) The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health cwere interventions: explanation and elaboration. J Clin Epidemiol 62(10):e1-34","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4374_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(83)90126-4","volume":"17","author":"DD Price","year":"1983","unstructured":"Price DD, McGrath PA, Rafii A, Buckingham B (1983) The validation of visual analogue scales as ratio scale measures for chronic and experimental pain. Pain 17(1):45\u201356","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"22","key":"4374_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2940","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200011150-00017","volume":"25","author":"JCT Fairbank","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fairbank JCT, Pynsent PB (2000) The oswestry disability index. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 25(22):2940\u201353","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"4374_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sterne JAC, Savovi\u0107 J, Page MJ, Elbers RG, Blencoit was NS, Boutron I, et al. (2019) RoB 2: a revised tool for assesseding risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898"},{"issue":"1","key":"4374_CR18","first-page":"29","volume":"5","author":"ZM Ding","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ding ZM, Tao YQ (2017) Clinical outcomes of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy versus fenestration discectomy in patients with lumbar disc herniation. J Int Transl Med 5(1):29\u201333","journal-title":"J Int Transl Med"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"4374_CR19","first-page":"103","volume":"22","author":"XZ Tao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tao XZ, Jing L, Li JH (2018) Therapeutic effect of transforaminal endoscopic spine system in the treatment of prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 22(1 Suppl):103\u2013110","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"4374_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.7.SPINE161434","volume":"28","author":"Z Chen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen Z, Zhang L, Dong J, Xie P, Liu B, Wang Q et al (2018) Percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy compared with microendoscopic discectomy for lumbar disc herniation: 1-year results of an ongoing randomized controlled trial. J Neurosurg Spine 28(3):300\u2013310","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"2","key":"4374_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1993.78.2.0216","volume":"78","author":"HM Mayer","year":"1993","unstructured":"Mayer HM, Brock M (1993) Percutaneous endoscopic discectomy: surgical technique and preliminary results compared to microsurgical discectomy. J Neurosurg 78(2):216\u2013225","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"4374_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-016-4885-6","volume":"26","author":"JNA Gibson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gibson JNA, Subramanian AS, Scott CEH (2017) A randomised controlled trial of transforaminal endoscopic discectomy vs microdiscectomy. Eur Spine J 26(3):847\u2013856","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"4374_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"B30","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001810","volume":"41","author":"H Nie","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nie H, Zeng J, Song Y, Chen G, Wang X, Li Z et al (2018) Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy for L5\u2013S1 disc herniation via an interlaminar approach versus a transforaminal approach a prospective randomized controlled study with 2-year follow up. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 41:B30\u2013B37","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"1","key":"4374_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.14444\/7010","volume":"14","author":"G Meyer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Meyer G, da Rocha ID, Cristante AF, Marcon RM, Coutinho TP, Torelli AG et al (2020) Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy versus microdiscectomy for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation: pain, disability, and complication rate-A randomized clinical trial. Int J Spine Surg 14(1):72\u201378","journal-title":"Int J Spine Surg"},{"issue":"22","key":"4374_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.894870","volume":"18","author":"Z Pan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pan Z, Ha Y, Yi S, Cao K (2016) Efficacy of transforaminal endoscopic spine system (TESSYS) technique in treating lumbar disc herniation. Med Sci Monit 18(22):530\u2013539","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"issue":"138","key":"4374_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e867","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.03.123","volume":"1","author":"L Tacconi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tacconi L, Signorelli F, Giordan E (2020) Is full endoscopic lumbar discectomy less invasive than conventional surgery? A randomized MRI study. World Neurosurg 1(138):e867\u2013e875","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"8","key":"4374_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003314","volume":"45","author":"Z Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen Z, Zhang L, Dong J, Xie P, Liu B, Wang Q et al (2020) Percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy versus microendoscopic discectomy for lumbar disc herniation: two-year results of a randomized controlled trial. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 45(8):493\u2013503","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"4374_CR28","unstructured":"Chen Z, Lian X, Wang X, Cui X, Zhang G, Xu J (2022) Randomized controlled trial transforaminal versus interlaminar approach of full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy under local Anesthesia for L5\/S1 disc herniation: a randomized controlled trial. Available from: www.painphysicianjournal.com"},{"issue":"2","key":"4374_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000004468","volume":"48","author":"Z Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen Z, Zhang L, Dong J, Xie P, Liu B, Chen R et al (2023) Percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy versus microendoscopic discectomy for lumbar disk herniation: five-year results of a randomized controlled trial. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 48(2):79\u201388","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"1","key":"4374_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v3.i1.1","volume":"3","author":"B Skovrlj","year":"2015","unstructured":"Skovrlj B (2015) Minimally invasive procedures on the lumbar spine. World J Clin Cases 3(1):1","journal-title":"World J Clin Cases"},{"issue":"5","key":"4374_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2012.10.034","volume":"13","author":"CK Kepler","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kepler CK, Yu AL, Gruskay JA et al (2013) Comparison of open and minimally invasive techniques for posterior lumbar instrumentation and fusion after open anterior lumbar interbody fusion. Spine J 13(5):489\u2013497. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2012.10.034","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"4374_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-022-03212-3","volume":"17","author":"A Baroncini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Baroncini A, Maffulli N, Eschweiler J et al (2022) Acupuncture in chronic aspecific low back pain: a Bayesian network meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res 17:319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-022-03212-3","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"4374_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2021.02.018","volume":"85","author":"M Betsch","year":"2021","unstructured":"Betsch M, Kalbhen K, Michalik R et al (2021) The influence of smartphone use on spinal posture - A laboratory study. Gait Posture 85:298\u2013303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2021.02.018","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"1","key":"4374_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1007\/s11420-018-09661-z","volume":"16","author":"DH Massel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Massel DH, Mayo BC, Patel DV, Bohl DD, Louie PK, Lopez GD, Singh K (2020) Improvements in back and leg pain after minimally invasive lumbar decompression. HSS J 16(1):62\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11420-018-09661-z","journal-title":"HSS J"},{"issue":"4","key":"4374_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.3171\/2023.5.SPINE23278","volume":"39","author":"MK Korsun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Korsun MK, Shahi P, Shinn DJ et al (2023) Improvement in predominant back pain following minimally invasive decompression for spinal stenosis. J Neurosurg Spine 39(4):576\u2013582. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2023.5.SPINE23278","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"9","key":"4374_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000000366","volume":"29","author":"PS Gadjradj","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gadjradj PS, Harhangi BS (2016) Percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy for lumbar disk herniation. Clin Spine Surg 29(9):368\u2013371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BSD.0000000000000366","journal-title":"Clin Spine Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"4374_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.7.SPINE161434","volume":"28","author":"Z Chen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen Z, Zhang L, Dong J et al (2018) Percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy compared with microendoscopic discectomy for lumbar disc herniation: 1-year results of an ongoing randomized controlled trial. J Neurosurg Spine 28(3):300\u2013310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2017.7.SPINE161434","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"4374_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984868","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.984868","volume":"9","author":"J Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang J, Gao Y, Zhao B, Li H, Hou X, Yin L (2022) Comparison of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy and open lumbar discectomy for lumbar disc herniations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Surg 9:984868. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fsurg.2022.984868","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"4374_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.4103\/jcvjs.JCVJS_19_20","volume":"11","author":"R Ravikanth","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ravikanth R (2020) A review of discogenic pain management by interventional techniques. J Craniovertebr Junction Spine 11(1):4","journal-title":"J Craniovertebr Junction Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"4374_CR40","first-page":"7","volume":"10","author":"MV Boswell","year":"2007","unstructured":"Boswell MV, Trescot AM, Datta S et al (2007) Interventional techniques: evidence-based practice guidelines in the management of chronic spinal pain. Pain Physician 10(1):7\u2013111","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"issue":"3","key":"4374_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.62347\/UWID7065","volume":"16","author":"Y Dai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dai Y, Li D, Wen X (2024) Percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy for lumbar disc herniation: an efficacy analysis. Am J Transl Res 16(3):829\u2013837. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.62347\/UWID7065","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"4374_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003843","volume":"46","author":"PS Gadjradj","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gadjradj PS, Harhangi BS, Amelink J, van Susante J, Kamper S, van Tulder M, Peul WC, Vleggeert-Lankamp C, Rubinstein SM (2021) Percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy versus open microdiscectomy for lumbar disc herniation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 46(8):538\u2013549. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003843","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"4374_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3329","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13113329","volume":"13","author":"TY Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang TY, Wang MY (2024) Advances and challenges in minimally invasive spine surgery. J Clin Med 13:3329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm13113329","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"4374_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000000366","volume":"29","author":"PS Gadjradj","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gadjradj PS, Harhangi BS (2016) Percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy for lumbar disk herniation. Clin Spine Surg A Spine Publ 29(9):368\u2013371","journal-title":"Clin Spine Surg A Spine Publ"},{"issue":"5","key":"4374_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23608","DOI":"10.3171\/CASE23608","volume":"7","author":"T Segawa","year":"2024","unstructured":"Segawa T, Iwai H, Inanami H et al (2024) A new surgical method to treat intracanal lumbar disc herniation using the unilateral biportal endoscopic transforaminal approach: patient series. J Neurosurg Case Lessons 7(5):23608. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/CASE23608","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Case Lessons"},{"issue":"9","key":"4374_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1107883","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.1107883.PMID:36726945;PMCID:PMC9884965","volume":"16","author":"X Cheng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cheng X, Bao B, Wu Y, Cheng Y, Xu C, Ye Y, Dou C, Chen B, Yan H, Tang J (2023) Clinical comparison of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy and unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy for single-level lumbar disc herniation. Front Surg 16(9):1107883. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fsurg.2022.1107883.PMID:36726945;PMCID:PMC9884965","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"issue":"22","key":"4374_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6604","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11226604.PMID:36431083;PMCID:PMC9696245","volume":"11","author":"XM Zhao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhao XM, Chen AF, Lou XX, Zhang YG (2022) Comparison of three common intervertebral disc discectomies in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation: a systematic review and meta-analyswas based on multiple data. J Clin Med 11(22):6604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm11226604.PMID:36431083;PMCID:PMC9696245","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"4374_CR48","first-page":"E713","volume":"23","author":"C Ren","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ren C, Qin R, Li Y, Wang P (2020) Microendoscopic discectomy combined with annular suture versus percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy for lumbar disc herniation: a prospective observational study. Pain Physician 23(6):E713\u2013E721","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"issue":"5","key":"4374_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12909","volume":"13","author":"L Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu L, Xue H, Jiang L, Chen H, Chen L, Xie S, Wang D, Zhao M (2021) Comparison of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy and microscope-assisted tubular discectomy for lumbar disc herniation. Orthop Surg 13(5):1587\u20131595. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/os.12909","journal-title":"Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"4374_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-4253-8","volume":"43","author":"R Shi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shi R, Wang F, Hong X, Wang YT, Bao JP, Liu L et al (2019) Comparison of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy versus microendoscopic discectomy for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation: a meta-analysis. Int Orthop 43(4):923\u2013937","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"4374_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.08.236","volume":"120","author":"R Qin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Qin R, Liu B, Hao J, Zhou P, Yao Y, Zhang F, Chen X (2018) Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy versus posterior open lumbar microdiscectomy for the treatment of symptomatic lumbar disc herniation: a systemic review and meta-analysis. World Neurosurg 120:352\u2013362","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"4374_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.2217\/pmt-2021-0037","volume":"12","author":"R Aiyer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aiyer R, Noori S, Schirripa F, Schirripa M, Jain S, Aboud T et al (2022) A systematic review of full endoscopic versus micro-endoscopic or open discectomy for lumbar disc herniation. Pain Manag 12(1):87\u2013104","journal-title":"Pain Manag"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00590-025-04374-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00590-025-04374-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00590-025-04374-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T23:02:36Z","timestamp":1767049356000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00590-025-04374-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4374"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00590-025-04374-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1068"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1068","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 June 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article. All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organisation or entity with any financial interest or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript. The authors have no financial or proprietary interests in any material discussed in this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"276"}}